简介：Nb-24Ti-18Si-2Al-2Hf-4CrandNb-24Ti-18Si-2Al-2Hf-8Cralloyswerepreparedbyarcmeltinginawater-cooledcrucibleunderargonatmosphere.Microstructuralcharacteristicsandoxidationresistanceofthealloysat1250℃wereinvestigated.Theresultsshowthat,whentheCrcontentis4at%,themicrostructuresconsistof(Nb,Ti)_(ss)andNb_5Si_3;asCrcontentincreasesto8at%,C14LavesphaseCr_2Nbisformed.Theisothermaloxidationtestsshowthattheoxidationkineticsofthetwoalloysfollowsimilarfeatures.Theweightgainsofthetwoalloysafteroxidationat1250℃for100hare235.61and198.50mg·cm~(-2),respectively.Duringoxidation,SiO_2,TiO_2,Nb_2O_5andCrNbO_4areformedatfirst.Then,Ti_2Nb_(10)O_(29)isformedafteroxidationfor20minandbeginstochangeintoTiNb_2O_7astheoxidationproceeds.SiO_2isformedassolidstateatfirstbutlaterevolvesintoglassystatetoimprovethecohesionofthescale.Afteroxidationfor100h,oxidationproductsconsistofSiO_2,TiNb_2O_7,Nb_2O_5andCrNbO_4.

简介：本文基于三轴磁阻传感器HMC5983设计了磁记忆检测探头,研制了基于USB2I2C控制模块的二维金属磁记忆检测系统,以45钢为试验对象开展了金属磁记忆试验研究。通过分析磁记忆二维分量以及其微分分量合成的李萨如图大小,确定试件中存在应力集中的严重程度,试验结果表明：磁记忆二维检测不仅能够准确定位试件中应力集中的部位,而且能够从梯度变化角度对应力集中严重程度进行预判评估。

简介：p类型(100)上的HfO2电影的乐队排列磁控管劈啪作响种的InP底层被调查。化学状态和系统的结合的特征被X光检查光电子光谱学(XPS)描绘。结果证明没有Hf-P或Hf在里面的存在，有在2在接口的O3和InPO4。紫外分光光度计(UVS)被采用获得HfO2的乐队差距价值。在3d和Hf4f，核心级的系列和原子价系列被采用获得HfO2/InP的原子价乐队偏移量。试验性的结果出现(5.88??T

简介：InordertoimprovethehydrogenstoragepropertiesofLiBH_4-MgH_2composite,twodifferentkindsofNb-basedcatalysts,NbCandNbF_5,wereaddedtoLiBH_4-MgH_2compositebyballmilling,andtheeffectofcatalystsonhydrogenstoragepropertiesofthemodifiedLiBH_4-MgH_2systemwasinvestigated.TheexperimentalresultsshowthatLiBH_4-MgH_2compositeisatwo-stepdehydrogenationprocess,andNb-basedcompoundscanremarkablyenhanceitsdehydrogenationkinetics.Forthecompositewithoutadditionofcatalysts,thestartingdecompositiontemperatureforthefirstdehydrogenationstepisaround320℃,andthereisalongperiodofincubationtime(around220min)fortheoccurrenceoftheseconddecompositionstepevenathightemperatureof450℃.Itneedsmorethan10htocompletethedecompositionprocessandreleasearound9wt%H_2.Afteradditionof5mol%NbF_5,thestartingdecompositiontemperatureforthefirstdehydrogenationstepisaround150℃,thereisnoincubationtimefortheseconddecompositionstep,andittakesaround40mintocompletethesecondstepandreachesatotaldehydrogenationcapacityof9.5wt%.NbF_5hasbettercatalyticeffectthanNbC.Basedonthehydrogenation/dehydrogenationbehaviorsandstructuralvariation,themechanismofcatalyticeffectwasdiscussed.

简介：Reducingthemanufacturingcostofsolarcellsisnecessarytotheirindustrialproduction.Electrodepositingisaneffective,non-vacuummethodwhichisverysuitableforcuttingthemanufacturingcostofthinfilmsaswellasdevelopingitslarge-scaleindustrialproduction.Inthisstudy,about1-μm-thickCu(In,Ga)Se_2(CIGS)precursorswereelectrodepositedonMo/glasssubstratesinaqueoussolutionutilizingathree-electrodepotentiostaticsystem.Triethanolaminewasusedascomplexingagent,andallparametersofelectrodepositionwerepreciselycontrolled.Afterthat,theelectrodepositedprecursorswereselenizedinaSeatmospherewithdifferentheatingramprates(60and600℃·min~(-1)).High-qualityCIGSfilmswereobtained,andtheircharacteristicswereinvestigatedbyX-rayfluorescence,scanningelectronmicroscopy,energydispersivespectroscopy,X-raydiffraction,Ramanspectraandnear-infrared-visible(NIR-Vis)spectra.Theresultsrevealthattherearemanydifferencesbetweenthepropertiesofthefilmsunderdifferentheatingrates.Finally,CIGSsolarcellswerefabricatedusingafastandaslowheatingrate.Themaximumefficienciesachievedforthefilmsselenizedat60and600℃-min~(-1)are3.15%and0.71%,respectively.

简介：研究1Cr17Ni2不锈钢中不同δ铁素体相含量变化分别在FeCl3溶液和HNO3＋HF溶液中的耐腐蚀行为。通过腐蚀失重率计算及光学金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜的观察发现：在FeCl3溶液中,δ铁素体的存在减弱了1Cr17Ni2不锈钢的耐腐蚀性能,δ铁素体是优选腐蚀相;而在HNO3＋HF溶液中,δ铁素体的存在增强1Cr17Ni2不锈钢的耐腐蚀性能,优选腐蚀相则变成了回火索氏体。通过表面腐蚀形貌表征可以实现反推其受到腐蚀介质环境的性质,为1Cr17Ni2不锈钢腐蚀失效与预防提供可行的方法和依据。

简介：为确定热加工性能的最佳条件，在温度350~500°C、应变率0.0005~0.5s-1下研究Al6061/Al2O3纳米复合材料的热压缩行为。采用双曲正弦函数得到材料热压缩测试活化能为285kJ/mol。用动态材料模型和相应的加工图，确定了温度450°C、应变速率0.0005s-1和温度500°C、应变速率0.0005~0.5s-1为Al6061/Al2O3材料的热加工性能安全区，最大功率损耗率为38%。由于材料大变形，在温度400°C和应变速率0.5s-1下得到了被伸长和扭结晶粒。

简介：采用B50A789材料制备的压气机叶片产生的缺陷,主要是由于原材料内部夹杂、局部偏析、组织粗大,带状偏析和折叠引起的.本研究采用金相和能谱分析方法研究了锻造压气机叶片表面裂纹的形成机理,并对其锻造裂纹的形成过程进行有限元模拟.结果表明结合低倍及高倍形貌特征,可以得出叶片缺陷为锻造加工过程产生的折叠裂纹;通过有限元模拟分析认为锻造叶片表面裂纹是源于锻件在制坯过程中,在连接杆与安装圆盘的转接处形成啃伤台阶,导致终锻结束时在叶身形成折叠裂纹缺陷.同时通过对试验过程中锻造工艺调整,采用分料卡子对过渡区分料或进行打磨来保证转角半径圆滑过渡,可有效避免叶片表面折叠和裂纹缺陷的形成.

简介：GrainboundarydiffusiontechniquewithTbH_3nanoparticleswasappliedtofabricateTb-lesssinteredNdFe-Bpermanentmagnetswithhighcoercivity.Themagneticpropertiesandmicrostructureofmagnetsweresystematicallystudied.Thecoercivityandremanenceofgrainboundarydiffusionmagnetareimprovedby112%andreducedby26%comparedwiththoseoftheoriginalmagnet,respectively.Meanwhile,boththeremanencetemperaturecoefficient(α)andthecoercivitytemperaturecoefficient(β)ofthemagnetsareimprovedafterdiffusiontreatment.MicrostructureshowsthatTbelementenrichesinthesurfaceregionofNd_2Fe_(14)Bgrainsandisexpectedtoexistas(Nd,Tb)_2Fe_(14)Bphase.Thus,themagneto-crystallineanisotropyfieldofthemagnetimprovesremarkably.Asaresult,thesinteredNd-FeBmagnetsbygrainboundarydiffusionwithTbH_3nanoparticlesexhibitenhancedcoercivity.

简介：研究热挤压Al5083/B4C纳米复合材料的显微组织表征和力学行为。Al5083和Al5083/B4C粉末在氩气气氛和旋转速度400r/min条件下球磨50h。为提高伸长率，将球磨粉末与30%和50%（质量分数）平均粒径>100μm和<100μm未球磨粉末进行混合，然后进行热压和热挤压，挤压比为9:1。采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、能谱、透射电子显微镜、拉伸和硬度测试研究了热挤压合金。结果表明，机械球磨和B4C颗粒使Al5083合金的屈服强度从130MPa提高至560MPa，但伸长率急剧下降(从11.3%降至0.49%)。添加平均粒径<100μm未球磨颗粒可提高合金的塑性但降低拉伸强度和硬度，而添加平均粒径>100μm未球磨颗粒同时降低拉伸强度和塑性。随着未球磨颗粒含量的增加，断裂机理从脆性断裂转变为韧性断裂。