简介:[摘要 ]目的:进行相关调查分析孕妇对梅毒母婴传播防治知识知晓情况,有利于促进梅毒母婴传播防治工作的正确开展。方法:随机选取 2016年 1月至 2018年 12月在医院产科检查的 500名孕妇进行问卷调查。结果: 500名孕妇中,仅有 282名孕妇对梅毒母婴传播防治知识基本知晓,知晓率为 56.4%,平均得分为( 21.8±3.7)分,其中梅毒基础知识平均得分为( 11.2±2.5)分,梅毒母婴传播防治知识平均得分为( 10.6±1.2)分,且 282名孕妇中,城市人口 151名,农村人口 63名,流动人口 68名,城市孕妇在梅毒知晓情况中优于农村以及流动人口。通过 Logistic分析法发现,文化水平、户籍所在地是影响孕妇对梅毒母婴传播防治知识知晓情况的主要因素。结论:目前孕妇对于梅毒母婴传播防治知识的知晓情况较低,因此,需要加强孕妇对梅毒基础知识以及母婴传播知识的宣传与教育,才能够保障出生人口质量。 [关键词 ]孕妇;梅毒;母婴传播防治知识 [Abstract] Objective: To investigate and analyze the knowledge of pregnant women about prevention and control of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis, so as to promote the correct development of prevention and control of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis. Methods: 500 pregnant women were randomly selected from January 2016 to December 2018 for a questionnaire survey. Results: Of 500 pregnant women, only 282 had basic knowledge of prevention and control of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis. The awareness rate was 56.4%. The average score was (21.8+3.7). The average score of basic knowledge of syphilis was (11.2+2.5). The average score of knowledge of prevention and control of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis was (10.6+1.2). Among 282 pregnant women, the city was the city. City population 151, rural population 63, migrant population 68, urban pregnant women in syphilis awareness is better than rural and migrant population. Logistic analysis showed that education level and residence registration were the main factors influencing pregnant women's knowledge of prevention and control of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis. Conclusion: At present, pregnant women have low knowledge of prevention and control of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the propaganda and education of basic knowledge of syphilis and mother-to-child transmission of syphilis among pregnant women in order to ensure the quality of the birth population.
简介:摘要目的了解2018年1月到2019年1月哈尔滨市就诊手足口病患儿流行病学特征,掌握其流行规律,为防治提供依据。方法应用描述性流行病学方法对儿童手足口病的流行病学进行分析。结果2018年1月到2019年1月,手足口病病例主要分布在5月,6月,7月,比率分别占15.0%,14.8%,15.8%。男女性别比为1.41.4岁以下儿童病例占91.6%,其中1~2岁年龄组占57.0%。结论在发病时间上,儿童手足口病流行高峰时间为5月,6月和7月;在性别分布上,发病率男性多于女性;在年龄分布上,1~2岁是其共同发病年龄高峰。要重点对该年龄段儿童预防控制及对重型患儿早期诊治,防止其向危重型转变。
简介:摘要目的了解金昌队列人群非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)发病的影响因素,为NAFLD的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法以金昌队列基线未患脂肪肝且符合纳入标准的20 051人为研究对象,通过前瞻性队列研究及Cox回归分析探讨NAFLD发病影响因素,并用限制性立方样条法研究相关生化指标与NAFLD发病风险的剂量反应关系。结果NAFLD发病密度为42.37/1 000人年,多因素Cox回归分析显示,职业为工人与技术人员(工人:HR=0.84,95%CI:0.70~0.99;技术人员:HR=0.73,95%CI:0.56~0.95)、饮茶(正在饮:HR=0.86,95%CI:0.78~0.94;过去饮:HR=0.52,95%CI:0.31~0.86)、体育锻炼(偶尔:HR=0.79,95%CI:0.68~0.91;经常:HR=0.60,95%CI:0.52~0.69)、体重较轻(HR=0.10,95%CI:0.05~0.22)、奶类及奶制品摄入>300 ml/d(HR=0.78,95%CI:0.71~0.87)、HBV感染(HR=0.77,95%CI:0.60~0.99)是NAFLD的保护因素;职业为内勤服务人员(HR=1.84,95%CI:1.46~2.31)、家庭人均月收入≥2 000元(2 000~元:HR=1.32,95%CI:1.04~1.66;≥5 000元:HR=1.72,95%CI:1.11~2.66)、文化程度为本科及以上(HR=1.35,95%CI:1.03~1.76)、超重(HR=2.31,95%CI:2.08~2.55)、肥胖(HR=3.95,95%CI:3.42~4.56)、空腹血糖受损(HR=1.31,95%CI:1.17~1.47)、糖尿病(HR=1.53,95%CI:1.30~1.80)、TC升高(HR=1.37,95%CI:1.24~1.52)、TG升高(HR=1.79,95%CI:1.62~1.98)、HDL-C降低(HR=1.29,95%CI:1.14~1.45)、ALT升高(HR=1.13,95%CI:1.01~1.26)和高脂饮食(HR=1.24,95%CI:1.11~1.40)是NAFLD的危险因素,TC、TG、HDL-C、ALT、FPG与NAFLD发病呈良好的剂量反应关系。结论职业、文化程度、家庭人均月收入、饮茶、体育锻炼、BMI、FPG、血脂、ALT、HBV、饮食与NAFLD发病有关。
简介:【摘要】 目的 分析本地区流行性腮腺炎流行病学情况,并提出防治对策降低流行性腮腺炎的发病率。方法 选取本地区 2015年到 2018年疾病监测系统报告的流行性腮腺炎资料,回顾性进行分析,提出流行性腮腺炎防治对策。结果 2015年到 2018年城市发病 509例( 509/625),占总发病例的 81.44%;农村发病 116例( 116/625),占总发病例的 18.56%;经回顾性分析,发现流行性腮腺炎的发病高峰为春季、冬季, 4年内 4月 -7月期间发病人数比较多;男性发病人数为 432例(占 69.12%),女性发病 193例( 30.88%),性别比例为 2.24: 1;发病年龄主要集中在 5岁 -19岁之间,此年龄段人群的发病数分别为 143例(占 85.63%), 112例(占 83.58%), 122例(占 78.71%), 143例(占 84.62%)。结论 本地区流行性腮腺炎的发病率还比较高,要提高防治力度,积极开展流行性腮腺炎免疫接种防治。 【关键词】 流行性腮腺炎;流行病学;防治对策 [Abstract] Objective To analyze the epidemiological situation of mumps in this area and put forward the prevention and control measures to reduce the incidence of mumps. Methods The data of mumps reported by the disease surveillance system from 2015 to 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and the prevention and treatment strategies of mumps were put forward. Results From 2015 to 2018, 509 cases (509/625) occurred in cities, accounting for 81.44% of the total cases; 116 cases (116/625) in rural areas, accounting for 18.56% of the total cases; through retrospective analysis, it was found that the peak incidence of mumps was in spring and winter, and there were 432 cases in males during April-July of four years. (69.12%), 193 cases (30.88%) were female and the sex ratio was 2.24:1. The age of onset was mainly between 5 and 19 years old. The number of cases in this age group was 143 (85.63%), 112 (83.58%), 122 (78.71%) and 143 (84.62%) respectively. Conclusion The incidence of mumps is relatively high in this area. We should improve the prevention and control of mumps and actively carry out the immunization and prevention of mumps.