简介:相干体是一种能够有效反映断层和裂缝等地质上非连续性的地震资料解释工具。然而由于受到附近地层,尤其是具有较强反射系数的地层的影响,微小断层和裂缝在相干体的时间切片和纵剖面上仍然难以辨别。本文提出了一种基于局部直方图规定化的相干体增强方法,实现相干体中的微小断层和裂缝的增强。与传统直方图规定化方法不同,本文方法处理三维相干体时不需要对数据进行离散化以统计其分布情况。在将相干体划分为若干子块后,以相干体整体的分布函数作为每个子块内的目标分布函数进行直方图规定化。另外,相邻子块的部分区域需要重叠,以克服分块产生的边界效应。对实际数据的处理结果表明,该方法可以提供更多的微小断层和裂缝的细节信息。
简介:Theattenuationfactororqualityfactor(Q-factororQ)hasbeenusedtomeasuretheenergyattenuationofseismicwavespropagatinginundergroundmedia.ManymethodsareusedtoestimatetheQ-factor.WeproposeamethodtocalculatetheQ-factorbasedontheprestackQ-factorinversionandthegeneralizedS-transform.TheproposedmethodspecifiesastandardprimarywaveletandcalculatesthecumulativeQ-factors;then,itfindstheinterlaminarQ-factorsusingtherelationbetweenQandoffset(QVO)andtheDixformula.TheproposedmethodisalternativetomethodsthatcalculateinterlaminarQ-factorsafterhorizonpicking.Becausethefrequencyspectrumofeachhorizoncanbeextractedcontinuouslyona2Dtime–frequencyspectrum,themethodiscalledthecontinuousspectralratioslope(CSRS)method.ComparedwiththeotherQ-inversionmethods,themethodoffersnearlyeffortlesscomputationsandstability,andhasmathematicalandphysicalsignificance.WeusenumericalmodelingtoverifythefeasibilityofthemethodandapplyittorealdatafromanoilfieldinAhdeb,Iraq.TheresultssuggestthattheresolutionandspatialstabilityoftheQ-profileareoptimalandcontainabundantinterlaminarinformationthatisextremelyhelpfulinmakinglithologyandfluidpredictions.