简介：CytochromeP450(CYP)superfamilyisoneofthemembershiplargestandfunctionmostdiverseproteinsuperfamilyrecogniozedamonglivingbeings.Membersofthissuperfamilywerefurtherassignedtodifferentfamiliesandsubfamiliesbasedontheiraminoacidsimilarities.Accordingtotheirphylogeneticrelationships,theCYPgeneswhichlikelydivergedfromcommonancestorgeneandmaysharecommonfunctionsweregroupedintooneclan.Widelydistributingscallopsareagroupofthemostconspicuousbivalve;howeverthestudiesontheirCYPisacarce.Inthisstudy,wesearchedthegenomeandexpressedsequencetagsofZhikongscallop(Chlamysfarreri)forCYPgenes.Intotal,88non-redundantCYPwereidentified,whichwerehomedin13CYPsgenefamilies.Phylogeneticanalysisdividedthesegenesinto4CYPclans.Asindeuterostomes,Clan2wasthelargest,whichcontained33genesbelongingtoCYP1,CYP2,CYP17andCYP356families.Clan3contgained19genesbelongingtoCYP3,CYP5andCYP30families.Clan4contained23genes,allbelongingtoCYP4family.ThemitochondrialCYPclancontained9genesbelongingtoCYP10andCYP24families.Incomparison,protostomes(C.farreri,D.pluex,D.melanogaster)containedmoreCYPgenesthandeuterostomes(S.purpuratusandvertebrates)inClan2butlessgenesinClan3andClan4.OurfindingswillaidtodecipheringCYPfunctionandevolutioninscallopsandbivalves.

简介：Acomprehensivestrengthmonitoringsystemusedonafixedjacketplatformispresentedinthispaper.Thelong-termmonitoringofW-11-4Aplatformachieved.Structuralresponses(strainandacceleration)atselectedlocations,aswellasassociatedenvironmentalparameters,havebeenobtained.Theemphasisofthepaperisplacedonthesystemdesign,andtheinstrumentationandoperationmethodologyemployedinthemonitoringofthestructuralresponses.Theperformanceofthesystemandthecharacteristicresultsobtainedduringits13-monthoperationarealsosummarized.

简介：Inthisstudy,threecDNAsequencescorrespondingtocytochromeP450C17(CYP17I),3β-hydroxysteroiddehydrogenase(3β-HSD)andandrogenreceptor(AR)wereisolatedfromspottedseabass(Lateolabraxmaculatus).ThemRNAabundancesofCYP17Iand3β-HSDincreasedfromstageⅡtostageⅤwithasignificantincreaseatstageⅤ,andthehighestabundanceofARmRNAwasdetectedatstageⅢintesticulardevelopmentcycle.CYP17I,3β-HSDandARtranscriptswereobviouslyabundantinsteroidogenesistissuessuchastestis,brain,headkidneyamongothers.StrongandpositivesignalswereobservedmainlyininterstitialcellregionsofL.maculatustestisasweremeasuredwithinsituhybridizationmethod.SignificantincreasesofCYP17Iand3β-HSDtranscriptsweredetectedafter12–48hhCG(humanchorionicgonadotropin)andGnRHa(gonadotropin-releasinghormoneanalogue)treatments.However,anoppositerelationshipwasfoundforARintestisatthesametime.Inaddition,decreasingtrendsofCYP17Iand3β-HSDmRNAwereobservedintestisofL.maculatusinfreshwatergroup(FW)fromday2today6,andmRNAabundanceofARincreasedinbrackishwater(BW)groupfromday4today8.Thesefindingsrevealedthatthesethreesteroidsynthesisgenesareimportfortesticulardevelopment,hormoneandsalinitytreatment,andprovidedalsoaninsightintothemechanismofreproductiveendocrineofL.maculatus.

简介：WeusedearthquakecatalogsrecordedbyGuangdongSeismologicalNetworkfrom2008to2014toresolvethespatialvariationsofb-valuesinthecoastalareaofGuangdong,particularlyinthreekeyresearchareas(Yangjiang,Heyuan,andoffshoreNanaoIsland)withstrongseismicity.Ourresultsrevealedthatb-valuesexhibitedsignificantspatialvariations,andzoneswithlowb-valuescouldindicatethemostlikelyseismogenicareaoflargeearthquakes.Weobservedthreeclearlowb-valuepatchesintheoffshoreNanaoIsland.Wefoundadistincthighb-valuepeakatthedepthof11kmandtwominimumpeaksatabout14and7–8kmintheYangjiangarea.Theoverallb-valuesgenerallydecreasewithdepthintheHeyuanarea.Thespatialvariationsofb-valuesreflecttectonicanomalies;thatis,the‘low-high-low’distributionofb-valuesintheoffshoreNanaoIslandandtheYangjiangareamayindicatetheanomalyofthecrustalstructurewithaweaklayer.Theb-valuesofreservoir-inducedseismicityareobviouslylowerthanthatinducedbytectonism.Thisfindingindicatesthatthereservoirareaisgenerallyathighstressstateundertheconditionofhighporepressure.Weinferredthatlargeearthquakesmightbepronetooccurat10–12kmdepthintheoffshoreNanaoIsland,at12–15kmdepthintheYangjiangarea,andatthelowerpartoftheseismicactivityzoneintheHeyuanarea.Moreover,theupstreamareaoftheXinfengjiangreservoiristhemostlikelyareaoffuturelargeearthquakesintheHeyuanarea.

简介：SequencevariationofpartialcytochromebgenesbetweentwoCoiliaspecies,C.ectenesandC.mystus,wasinvestigated.Ofthe402nucleotides,twenty-seven(6.72%)arepolymorphicandallaresynonymoussubstitutions.Atthethirdpositionsofgeneticcondonofcytochromebgene,thetwospeciesshowanextremeanti-Gbias(＜4%)andapronouncedbiastowardsAandC(＞68%).Thereisnoaminoacidsequencedivergencebetweenthepartialcytochromebgenesofthetwospecies,indicatingaclosegeneticrelationshipbetweenthem.Thek-2pgeneticdistanceofpartialcytochromebsegmentofthetwospeciesis0.072,suggestingthatthespecieswereseparated3.6Maago,inthemiddlePliocene.Ourresultrevealsthatthecytochromebgeneisanappropriatemarkerforstudiesofpopulationgeneticstructuresandphylogeographicpatternsofthetwospecies.

简介：Effectsofthemixtureofβ-ecdysoneandpolypodine-B(2:1W/W)onthemoultingandgrowthofprawn,Penaeusorientalisswerestudiedinlaboratorybyrearingtheanimalwiththeaddedcompounddiets.Theresultsshowedthattheadditionofthemoultinghormone(M.H)mixturetocompounddiets,from1.33×10-6to30×10-6,couldincreasemoultingactivityandgrowthrateoftheprawntodifferentextents,amongwhichthe5.33×10-6-10.67×10-6additionhadstatisticallysignificanteffects.However,60×10-6addeddietscausedmoultingandgrowthinhibitionsandcuticlethickening.Theanalysesofprotein,waterandashcontentsoftheprawnshowednoremarkabledifferencesbetweenhormonedosedanimalsandthecontrol.

简介：HepatitisBvirus（HBV）isasignificantglobalpathogenandefficientcureforHBVpatientsisstillachallenginggoal.Wepreviouslyreportedthatacidicmucopolysaccharidefromstichopusjaponicusselenka（SJAMP）couldinhibitHBsAgandHBeAgexpressioninvitro.However,thepotentialanti-HBVeffectsofSJAMPinvivohavenotyetbeenexplored.Inthisstudy,weshowthatSJAMPexhibitspotentanti-HBVactivityinHBVtransgenicmiceinadose-dependentmanner.Specifically,sixtyHBVtransgenicmaleBALB/cmicewererandomlyselectedtoreceivethetreatmentofPBS,lowdoseSJAMP(30mgkg-1),middledoseSJAMP(40mgkg-1),highdoseSJAMP(50mgkg-1)andIFN(45IUkg-1)for30d.SJAMPtreatmentsuppressedserumHBV-DNA,andliverHBsAgandHBcAglevelsinHBV-transgenicmice.ThepresentstudyhighlightsthepotentialapplicationofSJAMPinHBVtherapy.

简介：在13:46在2011年3月11日(北京时间)，Mw=9.0的地震发生在日本。由从Guanhekou比较海啸数据，有另外的海啸波浪观察的海洋的车站从东南收集了中国的沿海的区域，仅仅在Guanhekou，最大的波浪高度的位置出现在中间的部分而非在海啸波浪火车的前面，是明显的。海啸繁殖的一个数字模型基于2-D，非线性的浅水方程被造学习影响范围和在江苏发现的特殊海啸波形的主要原因沿海的区域。结果将近显示出那江苏沿海的区域的three-quarters，主要光线的沙山脉向北包括了部分，在波浪火车的中间的部分到达了它的最大的海啸波浪高度。特殊波形的主要原因是专辑在水下地形学黄海和华东海区域调节，它显著地影响了海啸繁殖和波形。尽管陆地边界思考在最大值的位置上带了效果，挥动高度到某个程度，作为在观察点和岸之间的事件波形和距离的限制，它不是特殊波形的主导的影响因素。海啸波浪上的Coriolis力量影响是那么弱的它不是为在江苏沿海的区域的特殊现象的主要原因。学习提醒我们最破坏的波浪可能不在海啸波浪火车出现在第一个。

简介：Euphausiapacificisanimportantsourceofnaturalastaxanthin.StudieswerecarriedouttoassesstheextractabilityofastaxanthinfromE.pacificusingsubcritical1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane(R134a).Toexaminetheeffectsofmultipleprocessvariablesontheextractionyield,astaxanthinwasextractedundervariousconditionsofpressure(30-150bar),temperature(303-343K),time(10-50min),flowrate(2-10gmin-1),moisturecontent(5.5%-63.61%),andparticlesize(0.25-0.109mm).Theresultsshowedthattheextractionyieldincreasedwithtemperature,pressure,timeandflowrate,butdecreasedwithmoisturecontentandparticlesize.Amaximumyieldof87.74%wasobtainedunderconditionsof100bar,333K,and30minwithaflowrateof6gmin-1andamoisturecontentof5.5%.Thesubstantialastaxanthinyieldobtainedunderlow-pressureconditionsdemonstratesthatsubcriticalR134aisagoodalternativetoCO2forextractionofastaxanthinfromE.pacific.

简介：SixactivecompoundsareisolatedfromthemarinebryozoanBugulaneritina,inhabitingtheNanwanBayintheSouthChinaSea,usingthebioassay-guidedmethodwithacombinationofextractionandpartitionationwithsuitablesolventsaswellasmultiplecolumnchromatographies(SephadexLH-20,ODSandpreparativeHPLC).Theirstructuresareidentifiedasknownbryostatins-bryostatins4,5,6,10,11and18throughintensiveanalysisofthedataofhighresolution2DNMR(600MHz,DQF-COSY,TOCSY,HMQCandROESY)andESI-MS.Amongthem,bryostatins10,11and18areforthefirsttimeobtainedfromthisbryozoanintheSouthChinaSeaandtheyshowsignificantantineoplasticactivitiesinvitro.

简介：Huanghe河三角洲是世界的大河之一，自从最后，Huanghe河里的Huanghe河三角洲paleoenvironmental进化是一个热问题冰川。基于联合AMS14核心DYZK1沉积标明日期在的C在亚底部侧面上Huanghe河三角洲和声学的顺序沉没了，phytolith分析在96件沉积样品上被执行。谷物尺寸参数，磁性的危险性与biostratum的垂直变化被相结合重建在Huanghe河三角洲的paleo沉积、气候的条件。在索引参数有一条重要垂直变化法律的学习结果表演，和Huanghe河三角洲的那沉积环境经历了河的facies-sealand转变的进化进程外形潮汐的完全外形浅海的faciesdelta外形自从26.0kaB。P...phytolith分析结果如下。第一，phytoliths被划分成矛尖状，光滑伸长，多刺伸长，一种特殊格律，长矩形，bulliform和其它类型。在不同sedimental环境，phytolith内容定期变化，显示phytolith在沉积环境有的一样装配稳定性的某个度。第二，矛尖状，phytoliths的光滑伸长和多刺伸长范畴在潮汐的扁平的外形和三角洲免职有更大的内容，当时一在浅海的外形的更小的内容和河的外形环境。通过变化系数的比较分析，第三，在沉积的主要phytolith范畴的内容在sealand转变外形和河的外形免职有一个更大的变化振幅，当在tidalflat外形和三角洲外形免职是更稳定的时。

简介：TheeffectsofBacillussubtilis2-1fromtheintestineofhealthyseacucumberonthegrowth,digestiveenzymeactivitiesandintestinalmicrobiotaofjuvenileseacucumber(Apostichopusjaponicus)weredeterminedinthepresentstudy.SeacucumberwasfedwithSargassumthunbergiipowdersupplementedwithB.subtilis2-1atdifferentconcentrationsvaryingamong0(control),105,107,and109CFUg-1for8weeks.ResultsshowedthatthegrowthperformanceandintestinalamylaseandtrypsinactivitiesweresignificantlyincreasedbydietaryB.subtilis2-1at109CFUg?1(P<0.05).However,dietaryB.subtilis2-1hadnosignificantinfluenceonthelipaseactivityinseacucumber(P>0.05).Thepolymerasechainreactiondenaturinggradientgelelectrophoresisand16SrRNAgenesequencinganalysisindicatedthatdietaryB.subtilis2-1at105and107CFUg-1inhibitedmostoftheProteobacteriaincludingthoseingenusVibrio.DietaryB.subtilis2-1at109CFUg-1notonlydecreasedtheabundanceandspeciesofgenusVibrio,butalsoincreasedtheintensityofgeneraPsychrobacterandBacillus.AspecificdosageofdietaryB.subtilis2-1couldincreasethegrowthandmodulatetheintestinalmicrobiotaofseacucumber;thusitmightbeanovelprobioticforkeepingthehealthofseacucumber.

简介：Thegrowth,biochemicalcontentandbioaccumulationquantityof2,2’,4,4’-tetrabromodiphenylether(BDE-47)inSkeletonemacostatumwerestudiedunderdifferentN:Pratios(1,4,16,64and128).AllcellularbiochemicalcontentsofS.costatumpresenteddecreasingtrendovercultivationtime.Atearlystageofcultivation,thecellularprotein,carbohydrateandlipidinS.costatumpresentedhighervaluesintreatmentsofN:P=4and16.However,theywerelowerinthesetreatmentsatthelatestage,buthigherintreatmentsN:P=1and128.Similarly,BDE-47levelspercellofS.costatumwerehigherintreatmentsofN:P=4and16atearlystageofcultivation,whichwere3.8and3.7ng(106cells)-1,respectively.Atthemiddlestageofcultivation,theBDE-47levelperS.costatumcelllowered;anditfurtherreducedinthetreatmentsofN:P=4and16atthelatestagewiththevalues0.6and0.5ng(106cells)-1,respectively.However,itroseinN:P=128,reachingupto2.3ng(106cells)-1.ComparedwithBDE-47percell,BDE-47peralgalvolumeunderdifferentN:Pratiosdidnotpresentobviousdifference.ThequantityBDE-47accumulatedpercellofS.costatumwaspositivelycorrelatedwithprotein,carbohydrateandlipidpercell;meanwhile,theBDE-47pervolumehadapositivecorrelationwithbiochemicalcontentpervolume.ThevariationofbioaccumulationabilityofBDE-47inS.costatumcanbeexplainedbybiochemicalchangesduetoN:Pratios.

简介：TiO2filmswereformedonmetallictitaniumsubstratesbytheanodicoxidationmethodinH2SO4solutionunderthe80VD.C..PhasecomponentandmicrostructurewerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD)andscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM).Watercontactanglesontitaniumoxidefilmsurfaceweremeasuredunderbothdarkandsunlightilluminationconditions.Corrosiontestswerecarriedoutinseawaterunderdifferentilluminationconditionsbyelectrochemistryimpedancespectrum(EIS)andpolarizationcurves.TheresultshowedthattheTiO2filmpreparedbytheanodicoxidationmethodwasanatasewithauniformstructureandwithoutobviousporesorcracksonitssurface.Theaveragewatercontactangleofthefilmwas116.4?indark,incontrasttoanangleof42.7?undertheUVilluminationfor2hours,whichdemonstratesgoodhydrophobicproperty.Theanti-corrosionbehavioroftheTiO2filmwasdecliningwiththeextendedimmersiontime.Underdarkconditions,however,thehydrophobicTiO2filmretardedthewaterinfiltratingintothesubstrate.Theimpedancechangedslowlyandthecorrosioncurrentdensitywas2ordersofmagnitudelowerthanthatwiththefilmilluminatedbysunlight.AllofthosementionedaboveindicatethattheTiO2filmpossessesmuchbetterperformanceunderdarkcondition,anditcanbeappliedasanengineeringmaterialunderdarkseawaterenvironment.

简介：为弥补测高数据在近海区域因为编辑准则被剔除而导致近海测量数据质量不高的缺点,利用5参数模型的两种形式和Ice-2模型对Jason-2卫星在中国南海部分海域的海洋回波波形进行了波形重跟踪的研究,并选择20个海洋回波波形,依据最小二乘原理进行计算、分析、对比,发现5参数模型的指数形式的结果和Ice-2模型结果非常接近.研究结果表明,在开阔的海域,对Jason-2波形进行3种方法波形重跟踪时,可以优先考虑Ice-2模型.波形重跟踪技术能够提高卫星测高数据利用率,为科学研究提供可靠的数据保障.

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简介：TheenvironmentalconditionsaroundthefirstoffshoreHZ21-1steelwellheadplatformintheSouthChinaSeaarecharacterizedbydeepwater,frequenttyphoons,roughwaves,highwatertemperature,severelycorrosiveseawater,andthickfoulingorganismattachments.Thedesignandeffectivenessofgalvanicanodeprotectionsystemarepresented,andseveralmethodsaredescribed,whicharethecalculationmethodoftheprotectivecurrentdensityconsideringthevariationofwaterdepth,themethodofdeterminingprotectionparametersconsideringvariousfactors,thearrangementofanodesbasedonpotentialdistributionandcurrentrequirementsatdifferentwaterdepths,andthemethodofanodeinstallation.Finallytheeffectoftheaccuracyofselectedcathodicprotectionparametersontheeconomicbenefitsofoffshoreprojectsisalsodiscussed..

简介：CarboncycleisconnectedwiththemostimportantenvironmentalissueofGlobalChange.Asoneofthemajorcarbonreservoirs,oceansplayanimportantpartinthecarboncycle.Inrecentyears,ironseemstogiveusagoodnewsthatoceanicironfertilizationcouldstimulatebiologicalproduc-tivityasCO2sinkofhuman-producedCO2.Oceanicironfertilizationexperimentshaveverifiedthataddingironintohighnutrientlowchlorophyll(HNLC)seawaterscanincreasephytoplanktonproductionandexportorganiccarbon,andhenceincreasecarbonsinkofanthropogenicCO2,toreduceglobalwarming.Insixtydays,theexportorganiccarboncouldreach10000timesforaddingironbymodelpredictionandinsituexperiment,I.e.TheatmosphericCO2uptakeandinorganiccarbondrawdowninupperseawatersalsohavethesamemagnitude.Therefore,oceanicironfertilizationisoneofthestrate-giesforincreasingcarbonsinkofanthropogenicCO2.Thepaperisfocusedontheironfertilization,es-peciallyinsituoceanironexperimentsinorderthatthefutureresearchismoreefficient.

简介：Astochastictwo-dimensionalFornasini-Marchesini'sModelⅡ(2-DFMMⅡ)withmultiplicativenoiseisgiven,andafilteringalgorithmforthismodel,whichisoptimalinthesenseoflinearminimum-variance,isdeveloped.Thestochastic2-DFMMⅡwithmultiplicativenoisecanbereducedtoa1-Dmodel,andtheproposedoptimalfilteringalgorithmforthestochastic2-DFMMⅡwithmultiplicativenoiseisobtainedbyusingthestateestimationtheoryof1-Dsystems.Anexampleisgiventoillustratethevalidityofthisalgorithm.