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简介:泥裂在现代环境和地质时期都很常见,是细粒沉积物浸水后出露于水面之上蒸发干裂而形成,泥裂的出现说明沉积物曾出露于地表水面之上,地质时期常被作为干旱化或干湿交替环境的标志。然而,泥裂可在沉积物出露水面之上很短时间内形成,泥裂本身并不足以反映其古环境,需结合沉积物特征分析。本研究详细阐述太行山中元古界红层和白垩系丹霞红层中不同形式的泥裂特征,与现代泥裂形成环境对比,结合红层的环境意义和磁性矿物特征,初步探讨地质时期红层中泥裂所代表的古环境。泥裂表明沉积物曾出露于水面之上,红层形成和稳定需要长时间处于透水性较好的氧化环境;对红层中泥裂的磁学分析可知,赤铁矿是其中主要的磁性矿物,含量非常高,赤铁矿形成并稳定于干燥的氧化环境;综合分析认为:红层中泥裂形成后长期处于相对干燥的氧化环境,受水下还原环境影响时间较短。根据红层中泥裂代表的古环境可以推断,太行山中元古界红层和白垩系红层发育泥裂所在的层位可能以长期干燥氧化环境为主。
简介:于2015年10月11日,在无锡太湖贡湖湾退圩还湖生态恢复工程区,采集苦草(Vallisnerianatans)、荇菜(Nymphoidespeltatum)和芦苇(Phragmitesaustralis)样品,将样品清洗、剪段和烘干后,投入装有8L自来水的实验池中。于2015年10月28日-2016年1月15日,分别在充气和自然条件下,对植物腐烂过程中水质指标的变化进行了研究。研究结果表明,在3种植物的腐烂过程中,水体中各项指标有明显变化。其中,水体pH始终比较稳定,化学需氧量和总磷含量在实验初期增大,而铵态氮含量、亚硝态氮含量和硝态氮含量在腐烂过程中波动变化。荇菜和苦草的腐烂过程对水质指标的影响较大;在芦苇的腐烂过程中,水质指标变化规律与对照组的基本一致。充气条件对投入芦苇的实验组水体各水质指标影响很小,对投入苦草的实验组水体各水质指标影响显著。