简介：Alongwiththeprogressofurbanizationandenviron-mentaldeterioration,residents’desireforimprovedairqualityisincreasing.Inordertoquantifyanindividual’swillingness-to-pay(WTP)forimprovedairqualityinJinanofeasternChina,acontingentvaluationmethod(CVM)wasemployed.Asampleof1,500residentswaschosenonthebasisofmultistagesamplingmethodswithface-to-faceinterviewsbyusingaseriesofhypo-thetical,open-endedscenarioquestionswhichweredesignedtoelicittherespondents’WTP.Resultsshowedthat59.7%ofrespondentswereabletoexpresstheirWTPandthemeanWTPis100ChineseYuan(CNY)perpersonperyear.AprobitmodelontheprobabilityofapositiveWTPandaregressionmodelweredevelopedtofindtherelationshipbetweenendogenousvariablesandWTP.Mostparametersintheeconometricanalysishadtheexpectedsign.AnnualhouseholdincomeandexpenditureontreatingrespiratorydiseasessignificantlyinfluenceWTP.TheratesofpositiveWTPandthemonetaryamountarelargerformenthanforwomen.Resultsalsoshowedthatpeoplewholivedinmorepollutedareaswerewillingtopaymoreforcleanair.Unlikedevelopedcountries,cleanairmayonlybeconsideredasapublicgoodinChinainthatmorethan40%ofrespondentshadnoincen-tivetobearthecostsofattemptingtoachievebetterairquality,whichindicatestherelativelylowenvironmentalconsciousness.

简介：Althoughchemicalcontrolofpestsincreasescropproduction,itbringsalotofdamagetoenvironmentandhumanhealth.Thereexistanumberofalternativemethodsthatarenotsoharmfultoenvironmentandhumanhealth.However,whetherandhowmuchinextentthesetechnologiesadoptedareplausibledependsonthecomparisonofbenefit-costbetweenchemicalcontrolandthealternativecontrolmethods(suchasIntegratedPestManagement,IPM)andfarmers'willingness-to-pay(WTP)forenvirormentandhumanhealth.Usingcontingentvaluationmethod(CVM),theauthorinvestigatesfarmers'WTPforenvironmentandhumanhealth,recognizesthefactorsinfluencingWTP,andaccordinglypointsouttheimportanceofpestcontroltechnologyextensionandgovernmentregulationofpesticides.

简介：Publicwillingnesstopay(WTP)forurbanriversrestorationwasinvestigatedinShanghai,NanjingandHangzhouinChinawithasampleof1,285.ThefactorsinfluencingpositiveWTPagainstzeroWTPareanalyzedusingabinarylogitmodel.Theresultsindicatethatincome,Huji(residentialregistration)status,householdsize,homepropertyownership,riverfrontaccess,andattitudestowardcurrentwaterqualityarestatisticallysignificantinthelikelihoodofpositiveWTP.ItisalsofoundthatrespondentswithoutlocalHujiarelesswillingnesstopaypositivelyinpooledsampleandShanghaisample.InthegroupholdingpropertyrightofhousebutwithoutlocalHujiislesswillingnesstopaypositivelyinHangzhou.RespondentsinNanjingaremorewillingnesstopaypositivelythanthoseinHangzhou.Mostcommonargumentsagainsttopayfortherestorationare"government’sduty","lowincome","non-local-Huji"and"lackoftrustinthegovernmentinhowitspendsmoney".TheresultsaregenerallyconsistentwiththehypothesisandspecificsituationsinChina.Thefindingsmakesomecontributionstothenon-marketvaluationstudiesaswellasprovideusefulinformationforpublicpolicymakinginChina.