简介：Theeffectivenessofmechanicalventilation,bothinvasive(byendotrachealintubation)andnon-invasiive(bynegativepressureventilation)wasestablishedduringtheepidemicsofpolioinEuropeandNorthAmericainthelain1950sandearly1960s.Theindicationsforventilationhaveincreasedsincethattime,andinvasiveventilationserviceshavebecomeconcentratedinhighly-staffedcriticalcareunitsand.insomepartsofEurope,respiratorycareunits.

简介：Non-invasiveventilation(NIV)istheprovisionofventilatorysupportwithoutinstrumentationoftheairway.Itcanbeachievedusinganegative-pressuremachine(e.g.‘ironlung')or,morecommonly,withpositivepressureadministeredthroughawell-fittingmask.Thiscontributionconsiderspositivepressureventilationonly;negativepressureisnowseldomused.