简介：目的：比较泪道探通治疗对三个年龄组的先天性鼻泪管阻塞患者的成功率。方法：共180例先天性鼻泪管阻塞患者根据年龄分为3组,Ⅰ组（4～6mo）,Ⅱ组（7～12mo）和Ⅲ组（13～24mo）,均行泪道探通治疗。症状体征均消失为治疗成功的标准。用卡方检验分析结果。结果：Ⅰ组治疗成功率为100.0%,Ⅱ组治疗成功率为88.5%,Ⅲ组治疗成功率为82.3%,总的治愈率为90.7%。结论：泪道探通治疗的有效性随着年龄的增加降低。在6mo时行泪道探通治疗的孩子成功率最高,能完全消除症状。

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethetreatmentstatusandprognosisofspace-occupyinglacrimalglandlesionsatonetertiaryeyecenterinChina.·METHODS:Aretrospectiveclinicalstudywasperformedon95patientswithspace-occupyinglesionsofthelacrimalglandsurgicallytreatedattheEye&ENTHospitalofFudanUniversityfrom2003to2007.Thereviewedclinicaldataincludedage,gender,sideofthelesion,durationofsignsandsymptoms,histopathologicaldiagnosis,treatmentmodality,recurrence(local,regional,anddistantmetastasis)andsurvival.·RESULTS:Ofthe95cases(99eyes),pleomorphicadenomaswerethemostcommonlesions(43cases),followedbylymphoiddisorders(14),inflammatorypseudotumors(11),carcinomaex-pleomorphicadenomas(11),andadenoidcysticcarcinomas(ACC,6).Therewere8patientswithrelapsedpleomorphicadenomas.Fiveofthese8caseshadmalignantpathologicalchanges.AllpatientswithACChadmetastasisandthreeofthemdiedduringtheirfollow-up.·CONCLUSION:Ourstudyindicatedthatthemostcommonlacrimalglandlesionswerepleomorphicadenomas.Multiplerecurrenceandsurgicalproceduresmayincreasetheriskoftumorprogression.ACChadahighincidenceoftumormetastasisandapoorprognosis.

简介：AIM:Tostudyclinicalfeaturesandgenemutationswithinthepaired-likehomeodomaintranscriptionfactor2(PITX2)geneinapedigreeofbilaterallimbaldermoids.METHODS:Completeeyeexaminationshavebeenperformedoneachindividualofthefamily.Exonsofpaired-likehomeodomaintranscriptionfactor2(PITX2)wereamplifiedbypolymerasechainreaction,sequenced,andcomparedwithareferencedatabase.RESULTS:Wedescribedthephenotype,clinicfindingsinafamilywithtwoaffectedmembers.Themassesoftheproband’seyeswereexcisedsurgicallydemonstratingadermoidcystbyhistopathologicalexamination.NomutationwasdetectedinthegenePITX2inthispedigree.CONCLUSION:Afamilyoflimbaldermoidcystwasreported.Inaddition,nopathogenicsequencevariationswerefoundinPITX2,indicatingthatthisphenotypeinthisfamilyisadistinctiveentity.

简介：·Glaucomaisoneoftheleadingcausesofvisualimpairmentandblindnessworldwide.Ofknownriskfactorsforglaucoma,anincreasedinintraocularpressureismosthighlycorrelatedwithglaucomatousdamage.Irrespectiveofthecause,apoptosisoftheretinalganglioncellsistheeventualoutcome.Itiswidelyacceptedthatglaucomaisaneurodegenerativediseasethatisstronglycorrelatedwithcentralnervoussystemdisorders,suchasAlzheimer’sdisease.Thesetwodisordersalsosharesomesimilaritiesinpathogenicmechanisms.Recentstudiessuggestthatthetransientreceptorpotentialcanonical6channelcouldworktogetherwithbrain-derivedneurotrophicfactortopromoteneuronsurvivalinbrainandretina.Inthisstudy,weproposethattransientreceptorpotentialcanonical6maycontributetothepathogenesisofhumanglaucomaandbecomeapotentialtherapeutictarget.

简介：AIM:ToidentifythegeneticdefectinaChinesefamilywithbilateralprogressivechildhoodposteriorcataract.METHODS:Atwo-generationfamilywasrecruitedinthisstudy.Familyhistoryandclinicaldatawererecorded.AllreportedcandidategenesassociatedwithcongenitalposteriorcataractwerescreenedbydirectDNAsequencing.·RESULTS:Allaffectedindividualspresentedposterioropacitiesinthelens.Directsequencingofthecandidategenesshowedaheterozygousc.2668C>TvariationinEPHA2gene,whichresultedinthereplacementofargininebycysteineatcodon890(p.R890C).Thismutationwasfoundintwoaffectedindividuals,butwasnotobservedin200normalcontrols.·CONCLUSION:Wereportanovelmutation(p.R890C)intheEPHA2receptortyrosinekinasegene.ThefindingexpandsthemutationspectrumofEPHA2inassociationwithposteriorcataract.

简介：青光眼是全球第二大致盲眼病,是不可逆性盲最主要原因,而原发性闭角型青光眼（primaryangleclosure[1]glaucoma,PACG）是我国最主要的青光眼类型。原发性闭角型青光眼（PACG）的发病机制复杂。PACG发病的主要危险因素是晶状体位置偏前、前房变浅而导致的瞳孔阻滞。此外,周边虹膜肥厚以及睫状体位置前移也是PACG发病的常见危险因素。

简介：目的：探讨白内障合并晶状体脱位范围〉2个象限的患者,Ⅰ期行白内障囊内摘除术＋前部玻璃体切割术,术后3mo矫正视力〉0.3者,Ⅱ期行小切口两点固定人工晶状体悬吊术的临床疗效。方法：对2014-07/2016-12我院白内障科就诊的34例34眼白内障合并晶状体脱位范围〉2个象限的患者,Ⅰ期行白内障囊内摘除术＋前部玻璃体切割术,3mo后矫正视力〉0.3者,Ⅱ期行小切口两点固定人工晶状体悬吊术,分别观察患者术后1wk,1、3mo裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、眼压、角膜散光度、术后并发症情况。结果：随着术后恢复时间的延长,患者各期的裸眼视力和最佳矫正视力均较术前有明显提高。术后3mo最佳矫正视力0.1~〈0.3者1眼,0.3~〈0.5者8眼,0.5~〈0.7者16眼,〉0.7者9眼,达到或接近术前的最佳矫正视力。术后1wk,1、3mo眼压处于正常范围内。手术并没有明显增加角膜的散光度。结论：对于白内障合并晶状体脱位范围〉2个象限的患者,Ⅰ期行白内障囊内摘除术＋前部玻璃体切割术,3mo后矫正视力〉0.3者,Ⅱ期行小切口两点固定人工晶状体悬吊术能有效确切地提高视力,稳定眼压,术后并发症少,是较为安全可靠的治疗方式。

简介：视野使用红色视标的视野检查可以发现显著的视野异常.简单的测试如正切暗点计屏也很有效.精确评估视野缺损需要视野计：人工（Goldmann）或者自动（Humphery）视野计可以给出详细的视野参数.但是结果受操作者的主观操作影响.

简介：青光眼青光眼是一组进行性的视神经病变，伴有视乳头特征性的结构改变和相应视野缺损的疾病。青光眼视神经病变的主要危险因素是眼压的升高。

简介：目的观察联合手术治疗白内障合并青光眼的疗效。方法78例（81眼）闭角型青光眼合并白内障的患者行超声乳化、折叠型人工晶体植入术联合小梁切除及房角分离术;观察术后视力,眼压,滤过以及术后并发症的情况。结果术后三月视力提高65只眼,有效率80.24%,术后视力较术前提高（P〈0.05）;术后六月视力提高69只眼,有效率85.19%,术后视力较术前提高（p〈0.05）,术后六月本组病例的眼压控制率为97.53%。术后六个月68眼形成扁平滤过泡。手术后并发症有：角膜水肿、前房无菌性炎症、前房出血等,经治疗后缓解。讨论超声乳化、折叠型人工晶体植入术联合小梁切除及房角分离术是一种有效而安全的手术方式。

简介：目的:用过碘酸雪夫氏(PeriodicAcid-Schiff,PAS)染色法比较4%多聚甲醛固定液、4%戊二醛固定液和Davidson固定液固定豚鼠眼球的固定效果,筛选最佳眼球固定液和固定时间。方法:取正常豚鼠眼球分6组,每组5只,I组眼球放入4%多聚甲醛固定液固定24h、域组眼球放入4%戊二醛固定液固定24h;Ⅲ~V组眼球放入Davidson固定液分别固定3、6、24h;遇组眼球在Davidson固定液中固定3h后转移到10%中性甲醛中再固定48h。常规制片、PAS染色、显微镜观察,比较不同固定方法对组织的固定效果。结果:Davidson固定液固定3h的固定效果最为理想,Davidson固定液固定3h后转移到10%中性甲醛再固定48h的固定效果与Davidson固定液固定3h的固定效果接近,这两组固定液固定的眼球切片均结构完整、层次清晰,视网膜各层细胞排列整齐。结论:Davidson固定液对豚鼠眼球的固定效果明显优于其他两种固定液,豚鼠眼球用Davidson固定液固定后,可将其转移到中性甲醛中长期保存,其固定效果不受影响。

简介：目的：评估和比较白内障超声乳化摘出术的常规爆破、扭动爆破及扭动持续模式的临床疗效。方法：选取晶状体核硬度芋~郁级的白内障159例159眼,随机分为常规爆破组41例41眼、扭动爆破组63例63眼及扭动持续组55例55眼,分别采用常规爆破、扭动爆破及扭动持续模式的白内障超声乳化摘出联合人工晶状体植入术,比较三组术前及术后2wk角膜内皮细胞计数、角膜内皮细胞损失率、累积能量复合参数（cumulativedissipatedenergy,CDE）以及最佳矫正视力的情况。结果：术后2wk,芋级核和郁级核常规爆破组的CDE均明显少于扭动爆破组和扭动持续组（P〈0.05）;角膜内皮细胞损失率常规爆破组明显大于其余两组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;平均最佳矫正视力：三组组间比较均无显著差异（P〉0.05）。结论：常规爆破模式、扭动爆破模式及扭动持续模式均能有效、安全的实施白内障超声乳化摘出手术,视力提高无明显差异,但相比较而言,扭动爆破及扭动持续模式效率更高,对角膜内皮的保护也更好。

简介：AIM:Toevaluatetheefficacyandsafetyofcornealcollagencrosslinking(CXL)topreventtheprogressionofpost-laserinsitukeratomileusis(LASIK)cornealectasia.·METHODS:Inaprospective,nonrandomized,single-centrestudy,CXLwasperformedin20eyesof11patientswhohadLASIKformyopicastigmatismandsubsequentlydevelopedkeratectasia.Theprocedureincludedinstillationof0.1%riboflavin-20%dextranesolution30minutesbeforeUVAirradiationandevery5minutesforanadditional30minutesduringirradiation.Theeyeswereevaluatedpreoperativelyandat1-,3-,6-,and12-monthintervals.Thecompleteophthalmologicexaminationcompriseduncorrectedvisualacuity,bestspectacle-correctedvisualacuity,endothelialcellcount,ultrasoundpachymetry,cornealtopography,andinvivoconfocalmicroscopy.·RESULTS:CXLappearedtostabiliseorpartiallyreversetheprogressionofpost-LASIKcornealectasiawithoutapparentcomplicationinourcohort.UCVAandBCVAimprovementswerestatisticallysignificant(P<0.05)beyond12monthsaftersurgery(improvementof0.07and0.13logMARat1year,respectively).Meanbaselineflattestmeridiankeratometryandmeansteepestmeridiankeratometryreduction(improvementof2.00and1.50diopters(D),respectively)werestatisticallysignificant(P<0.05)at12monthspostoperatively.At1yearafterCXL,meanendothelialcellcountdidnotdeteriorate.Meanthinnestcorneapachymetryincreasedsignificantly.·CONCLUSION:Theresultsofthestudyshowedalong-termstabilityofpost-LASIKcornealectasiaaftercrosslinkingwithoutrelevantsideeffects.Itseemstobeasafeandpromisingproceduretostoptheprogressionofpost-LASIKkeratectasia,therebyavoidingordelayingkeratoplasty.

简介：目的：探讨高眼压状态下白内障青光眼联合术的临床疗效。方法：对18例18眼白内障青光眼患者在高眼压下行小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘出人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术,术后观察视力,眼压及并发症情况。结果：术后眼压均比术前用降眼压药的情况下明显下降,11～22mmHg者17例,其中眼压26mmHg者1例。术后视力均较术前有不同程度的提高,术后并发症发生率及严重程度并不比小梁切除术或白内障囊外摘除人工晶状体植入术高。结论：在高眼压下行小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘出人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术发生并发症的机会增多,但仍是一种安全、有效的治疗白内障合并青光眼的联合手术。

简介：目的:观察急性闭角型青光眼并早期白内障三联手术的临床效果。方法:对10例10眼患者实施了小梁切除加白内障囊外摘除及人工晶体植入术。结果:术后并发症严重,主要是角膜水肿和眼内纤维膜形成;出院时全部病例眼压得到控制,矫正视力≥0.5者4例(40%)。结论:对急性闭角型青光眼并早期白内障的三联手术应慎重实施。

简介：目的：探讨三联术（白内障超声乳化吸除、后房型人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术）治疗青光眼合并白内障患者的临床疗效。方法：青光眼合并白内障患者72例72眼行小梁切除联合白内障超声乳化吸除联合后房型人工晶状体植入术，观察术后视力、眼压、滤过泡及并发症等情况。结果：术后72例72眼患者视力均有不同程度的提高；术后眼压控制良好，术后3，18mo平均眼压分别为15．30±2．64mmHg和16．72±2．30mmHg，术后均无严重并发症。结论：小梁切除联合白内障超声乳化吸除联合后房型人工晶状体植入术具有切口小，眼压控制良好，能获得较满意的视力。

简介：<正>DearSir,IamDr.Sheng-LiMi,fromtheBiomanufacturingengineeringlaboratory,GraduateSchoolatShenzhen,TsinghuaUniversity,Shenzhen,China.Iwritetopresentacasereportofnocardiabrasiliensisinapatientwithdiabetes.Nocardiaispartofagroupofaerobicactinomycetes,widelydistributedinsoil.Nocardiaasteroidsandnocardiabrasiliensisarethemostcommonhumanpathogens.Humansinfectedbynocardiaasteroidsthroughtherespiratorytractmainlysufferfromprimarysuppurativepulmonaryconditions.Infectionofnocardiabrasiliensisoftenoccursintheadvancedstagesofaprogressivediseaseorimmunedisorder,especiallyCushingsyndrome,diabetes,orinpatientsusingcorticosteroids,immunosuppressiveagentsandbroad-spectrumantibioticsforlongtime[1].Toourknowledge,thereportsofnocardiakeratitiswasveryrare

简介：AIM:Toexaminetheexpressionofsurvivinandvascularendothelialgrowthfactor(VEGF)duringthedevelopmentofretinalneovascularization(NV)inamousemodel.·METHODS:Awell-characterizedmurinemodelofretinalNVwasusedtostudytheexpressionofsurvivinandVEGF.NVoftheretinawasinducedinmicebyexposureto75%O2frompostnataldayP7toP12,followedbyreturntoroomairfromP12toP17.ExpressionofsurvivinandVEGFproteinwasanalyzedbyImmunohistochemistry.Inaddition,mousemodelofproliferativeretinopathywasanalyzedbyretinalfluoresceinangiographyandquantificationanalysis.·RESULTS:Thenormalmicehadbothsuperfiekalanddeepvascularlayersthatextendedfromtheopticnervetotheperiphery.Inintraocularpressure(IOP)micewerecharacterizedbyrepresentatypicalpatternofpathologicalretinalNV.Therearelessorlittlenucleiofnewvesselsvascularendothelialcellbreakingthroughtheinnerretinalthaninretinopathyofprematurity(ROP)mice,largeclustersofbloodvesselswereadherenttotheinternallimitingmembrane(ILM)(0.27±0.20vs23.38±1.027,t=9.454,P<0.001).DuringtheangiogenicperiodfromP13toP17,survivinandVEGFproteinexpressionincreasedinexperimentalretinascomparedwithcontrolsamples(2.56±0.46vs3.34±0.40,t=17.43,P<0.01:2.18±0.75vs4.34±0.25,t=19.61,P<0.01).ProteinlevelsofVEGFandsurvivnhassignificantlypositivecorrelation(P<0.05,r=0.411).·CONCLUSION:CorrelationwasmadeattheproteinlevelsofsurvivinexpressioncomparedwiththatofVEGFinamurinemodelofretinalNV,whichsuggestsatemporalroleforsurvivinandVEGFinnewvesselformationinresponsetohypoxicstimulation.

简介：目的：探讨利用计算机图像技术虚拟再现患者三维的解剖结构，通过64层螺旋CT影像资料技术实现三维模型，用于手术前的设计和手术模拟，在重建技术下行眼眶下壁骨折的手术方法。方法：对经过筛选的30例眼眶下壁骨折患者进行计算机三维重建，并对其诊断结果进行分析、制定手术方案。结果：眶下壁骨折患者30例通过计算机三维重建后，3D影像显示骨折线的走行方向、骨折范围、位置、类型及骨折块的移位等空间信息像，对临床处理起着较明确的指导作用，手术均获得满意疗效。结论：计算机导航三维重建技术下行眶下壁骨折修复术术后重建效果良好，可显著提高手术的精确性与安全性，降低手术并发症。

简介：资料患者男性，51岁。因颈前痛及吞咽困难2d于2013年7月16日来我院急诊。患者2d前曾进食猪蹄，之后出现颈前根部梗阻感，伴咽部不适，喜进流质，易流口水。因患者自幼确诊为“21三体综合征”，平日言语表达不清，故家人未能带其及时就医。2d后上述症状加重，于我院行食管造影，结果显示：食管上段可见局部钡棉絮存留征象，双侧中下肺野支气管内钡剂存在（图1）。暂给予禁食、禁水、留院观察等处理。