简介：目的：运用Sheard准则对集合不足的屈光不正患者的双眼视失平衡症状进行评估和诊治。方法：对2009-06以来18例集合不足的患者进行眼屈光检查，同时检测远近分离性隐斜，远近辐辏，正相对调节，调节状态，负相对调节，辐辏近点，调节幅度等眼动参数。计算AC／A参数，检测其对Sheard准则符合性，并利用该准则计算所需的棱镜处方。结果：近距棱镜不符合Sheard准则有14例（78％），其所需的基底朝内棱镜度数为（3．47±2．83）△。结论：临床上运用Sheard准则可有效地评估和诊治近距离用眼不适的集合不足患者。

简介：青光眼是严重的致盲眼病之一，也是一种常见的眼科急症，早期诊断是提高疗效、改善视功能的关键。由于青光眼的临床表现复杂多样，病人对眼压升高引起的一系列神经反射性症状的反应不同，以及就诊环境的影响，容易出现误诊。如治疗不及时可能导致视功能的严重损害。我院自2005年7月2009年4月共收治78例青光眼，院内误诊9例，误诊率11．54％。现分析误诊原因如下。

简介：甲状腺癌是临床上常见的恶性肿瘤，约占全身肿瘤的1，3％，占头颈部肿瘤的5．1％。病理类型分为乳头状腺癌（60％～80％）、滤泡状腺癌（20％）、髓样癌（3％-10％）及未分化癌（15％）。分化型甲状腺癌包括乳头状腺癌和滤泡状腺癌，发病率高，生长缓慢，恶性程度较低。由于基层医院在术前诊断方面的欠缺，术中往往没有冷冻病理检查，造成手术不规范，需要再次手术修正。现对我院52例需再次手术的分化型甲状腺癌病例进行分析，总结如下。

简介：目的：分析小切口白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术后低视力的相关因素。方法：回顾性分析我院2011-07／2012—07间白内障患者291例291眼，对其行小切口白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术，最佳矫正视力低于0．3者诊断为低视力，并分析其发生原因。结果：患者291例术后共发生低视力49眼，其中手术所致术后低视力17眼（34．7％），术前病变所致术后低视力32眼（65．3％），其中年龄相关性黄斑变性8眼、糖尿病视网膜病变14眼、高度近视6眼，其他4眼。结论：原有眼病是术后低视力的主要原因，术前仔细检查可以提高手术的可预测性。

简介：目的方法结果结论分析青光眼小梁切除术后浅前房的原因及治疗效果。对2003年2月-2008年1月126例（138眼）青光眼小梁切除术后浅前房者（37眼）进行回顾性分析。138眼小梁切除手术有37眼（26.81%）发生浅前房,其发生原因有：滤过过强17眼（45.95%）,结膜瓣渗漏14眼（37.84%）,脉络膜脱离2眼（5.41%）,睫状环阻塞性青光眼1眼（2.7%）,其它3眼（8.1%）。其中33眼（89.19%）经保守治疗治愈,4眼（10.81%）经前房注射透明质酸钠治疗,使前房形成。青光眼小梁切除术后浅前房发生率较高,大部分经保守治疗可恢复正常,透明质酸钠在前房重建中效果良好。

简介：目的分析泪囊鼻腔吻合术术后复发的原因并探讨再次手术的可行性。方法对11例泪囊鼻腔吻合术术后复发的患者予以再手术治疗,随访半年至一年。结果复发原因：泪囊未完全切开2例,骨孔过小或位置错误4例,吻合腔或骨孔内肉芽组织增生堵塞5例;10例术后流泪消失,泪道冲洗通畅,占90.91%,1例流泪减轻,泪道冲洗基本畅通,占9.09%。结论泪囊鼻腔吻合术术后复发患者可以通过再次手术重建泪道,是治疗泪囊鼻腔吻合术术后复发的有效方法之一。

简介：目的探讨手法小切口白内障摘除术中后囊膜破裂的原因以及术中的处理方法。方法对22例22眼手法小切口白内障摘除术中后囊膜破裂的原因及处理方法进行回顾性总结。结果发生后囊膜破裂22例22眼,除1例未植入人工晶体外,一期植入人工晶体21例,占95.45%,术后视力0.5以上8眼,无严重并发症发生。结论手法小切口白内障摘除术中后囊膜破裂虽然难以避免,但只要处理措施得当,完全可以取得满意的手术效果,避免严重并发症的发生,并使患者获得良好的视功能。

简介：目的：探讨在基层医院行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术中玻璃体脱出的原因和预防以及处理办法。方法：对我院2008-01/2009-042000例小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术中52例52眼玻璃体脱出的情况进行回顾性分析。结果：52眼玻璃体脱出发生在上浮核、劈核、圈套核和吸皮质时;49眼植入人工晶状体,3眼未植入人工晶状体;45眼获得满意圆瞳孔,7眼欠圆;18眼术后视力〉0.5,27眼视力〉0.3,3眼视力〉0.1,2眼视力〉0.05,2眼视力〈0.05。结论：小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入发生玻璃体脱出多在劈核、圈套核及吸取皮质时,玻璃体脱出经过及时恰当的处理仍然可以获得较满意的效果。

简介：目的探讨总结白内障扶贫复明术中“灌注液迷流综合征”的原因及处理方法。方法本院2011-2013年间参与防盲民生工程，共有31例患者发生“灌注液迷流综合征”，临床表现为突发性眼压升高、浅前房、虹膜脱出，通过注入黏弹剂以及升高灌注瓶高度无法维持前房深度，术中检查未发现眼内出血现象，其中7例发生在水分离和水分层后，24例发生在皮质吸出过程中。所有发生灌注液迷流综合征的患者均暂停手术，给予20％甘露醇250ml静脉滴注，若经药物降压无效，可根据手术条件行经平坦部前段玻璃体切割术或玻璃体腔穿刺术，待前房形成后继续进行手术。结果31例患者中，29例经甘露醇静滴治疗后前房形成，继续完成手术，2例经药物降压仍不能形成前房，经平坦部行前段玻璃体切割术后前房形成，继续完成手术。术后1天裸眼视力0．3～1．0者为20例（20眼），视力0．1～0．3者为8例（8眼），视力0．02～0．1者为3例（3眼），眼压高于或等于21mmHg者10例（10眼），发生角膜水肿者14例（14眼）。术后1周裸眼视力0．3～1．0者为24例（24眼），视力0．1～0.3者为7例（7眼），眼压均恢复正常，无角膜水肿发生。结论小切口白内障囊外摘除术中灌注液迷流综合征是一种少见的术中并发症，经正确处理可以缓解突发性眼压升高引起的各种体征，顺利完成手术。

简介：<正>我科自1994年3月开展鼻内窥镜下鼻内泪囊鼻腔造孔术,共治疗18例20侧。近期有效率为90%(18侧)。此18侧随访6～24个月,治愈15侧(75%),好转2侧(10%),无效1侧,远期总有效率为85%(17/20侧)。20侧手术中有4侧一期手术失败,下面介绍手术失败的原因及预防方法。1.鼻腔结构异常。鼻中隔高位偏曲、中鼻甲前端肥大、鼻息肉及外伤引起的鼻部畸形等,应在

简介：AIM:Toexploretheeffectofsaturatedhydrogensalineonbluelight-inducedretinaldamageinrats.·METHODS:Theretinaldamageofratswasinducedbybluelightexposurefor6hoursandexamined8hours,16hoursand24hoursaftertheexposure.OnehundredfemaleSprague-Dawleyratswererandomlydividedintofourgroups.Group1included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithoutanyothertreatment.Group2included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithintraperitonealinjectionofnormalsaline.Group3included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithintraperitonealinjectionofsaturatedhydrogensaline.AndGroup4includedtheother10ratswhichdidnotreceiveanytreatment.Theamountofintraperitonealinjectionofsaturatedhydrogensalineandnormalsalinewascalculatedintheratioof1ml/100gofratweight.SpecimenswerecollectedandprocessedbyH-Estaining,ultrastructureobservation,biochemicalmeasurement.Morphologicalchangeswereobservedbylightmicroscopeandtransmissionelectronmicroscope(TEM)andtheretinalouternuclearlayer(ONL)thicknesswasmeasuredbyIPP6.0,whilethemalondialdehyde(MDA)wasmeasuredbycolorimetricdeterminationat532nm.·RESULTS:AlthoughthestructureofretinainGroup1andGroup2wasinjuredheavily,theinjuryinGroup3wasmild.ThedifferencesbetweenGroup1andGroup2werenotsignificant.ComparedwiththeratsinGroup1andGroup2,theonesinGroup3hadmoreclearlydemarcatedretinastructureandmoreorderedcellsbylightmicroscopeandTEMobservation.TheONLthicknesses(400times)offourgroupsateachtimepointexceptbetweenGroup1andGroup2weresignificantlydifferent(P<0.05).ThethicknessesoftheONLinGroup1atthreetimepointswere30.41±4.04μm,26.11±2.82μmand20.63±1.06μm,inGroup2were31.62±4.54μm,25.08±3.63μmand19.07±3.86μm,inGroup3were29.75±3.62μm,28.83±1.97μmand27.61±1.83μm.InGroup4themeanofthethicknesswas37.35±1.37μm.Astimewentby,thedamageg

简介：AIM:Anaerobicbacteriacancauseocularinfections.WetestedtheOxyPlateTMAnaerobicSystem(OXY)toisolatepertinentanaerobicbacteriathatcancauseoculardisease.METHODS:OXY,whichdoesnotrequiredirectanaerobicconditions(i.e.bags,jars),wascomparedtoconventionalisolationofincubatingculturemediainanaerobicbags.Standardcoloniescountswereperformedonanaerobicocularbacterialisolatesunderaerobicandanaerobicconditions(anaerobicbags)usingagarmedia:1)OXY(aerobiconly),2)5%sheepblood(SB),3)Chocolate,and4)Schaedler.Thebacteriatestedwerede-identifiedocularisolatesculturedfromendophthalmitisanddacryocystitisthatinclude10Propionibacteriumacnesand3Actinomycesspecies.Thecolonycountsforeachbacteriaisolate,oneachculturingcondition,wererankedfromlargesttosmallest,andnon-parametricallycomparedtodeterminethebestculturingcondition.RESULTS:Allanaerobicconditionswerepositiveforalloftheanaerobicisolates.SBandSchaedler’sagarunderaerobicconditionsdidnotsupportthegrowthofanaerobicbacteria.SparsegrowthwasnotedonchocolateagarwithPropionibacteriumacnes.Asananaerobicsystem,SBinananaerobicbagisolatedhighercolonycountsthanOXY(P=0.0028)andchocolateagar(P=0.0028).CONCLUSION:AlthoughOXYdidnottesttobemoreefficientthanotheranaerobicsystems,itappearstobeareasonablealternativeforisolatinganaerobicbacteriafromocularsites.Theuseofanagarmediuminaspeciallydesignedplate,withouttherequirementofananaerobicbag,renderedOXYasanadvantageoverotheranaerobicsystems.

简介：AIM:TodiscusstheimpactofLyciumBarbarumPolysaccharide(LBP)andDanshensupurifiedfromTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)onvascularendothelialgrowthfactor(VEGF)ofrabbitswithretinalneovascularization.METHODS:Fortyrabbitsweredividedintonormalcontrolgroup,modelcontrolgroup,LBPgroupandDanshensugroup.Animalsinthenormalcontrolgroupwerefedinthenormaloxygenenvironment.Animalsintheotherthreegroupswereputintotheenvironmentwith70%oxygenfor5daysinordertobuildthemodelofoxygen-inducedvascularproliferationretinopathy.AndthendifferentTCMextractwasinjectedintotheabdominalcavitiesoftheseannimals.After7days,theVEGFcontentofintheserumofrabbitwasmeasuredbydoubleantibodysandwichmethod.RESULTS:DataanalysisindicatedthatVEGFcontentwasasfollows:Danshensugroupwaslowerthanmodelcontrolgroup(12.92±3.84ng/Lvs19.32±4.15ng/L,P<0.05);LBPgroupandnormalcontrolgroupwerelowerthanmodelcontrolgroup(12.92±3.84ng/L,9.26±1.61ng/Lvs19.32±4.15ng/L,P<0.01);totalbloodviscosity,plasmaviscosity,cholesterolcontent,fibrinogencontentandtriacylglycerolcontentafterperitonealinjectionofLBPandDanshensuwereobviouslylowerthanbeforeinjection.CONCLUSION:TCMextract-LBPandDanshensucanprominentlyreducethecontentofVEGFintheprocessofvascularproliferativeretinopathyofrabbit;canpreventtheoccurrenceofretinalmicrovasculardiseasebyimprovingpartialoxygen-deficientenvironmentoraffectingallkindsofnewgrowthfactor.

简介：AIM:TopresenttheresultsofimplantationofIakymenkokeratoprosthesisinfivepatientswithvascularizedcornealleukomacausedbysevereocularinjury.·METHODS:Iakymenkokeratoprosthesiswasimplantedinto5eyesof5patients:4patientsweresufferedfromchemicalburnsand1patientfromexplosiveinjury.Thepreoperativevisualacuityrangedfromlightperceptiontohandmotion.Theimplantationsurgerywascomposedoftwo-stageprocedures.Thefollow-upperiodwasfrom9monthsto11years.Theoutcomemeasureswerevisualacuity,retention,andcomplicationsofthekeratoprosthesis.·RESULTS:Visionimprovementswereachievedinmostpatients.Allkeratoprosthesiswereretainedwithinthefollow-upperiod.Cornealmeltingoccurredinonepatientandfibrousclosureinanotherpatient,bothofwhichweresuccessfullytreated.Retinaldetachmentoccurredinonepatientaftersurgery.·CONCLUSION:Iakymenkokeratoprosthesisseemstobeapromisingalternativeforthepatientswithseverecornealinjury,butfurtherinvestigationisneededtoevaluatetheroleofIakymenkokeratoprosthesis.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethefrequencyofidiopathicphacodonesis(IP)insenilecataractsubjectsandtheshort-termclinicaloutcomesfollowingcataractsurgery.METHODS:Thisinstitutionalcase-controlstudyincluded1301consecutivelow-incomecataractsubjectsfromJunetoNovember2009.Anteriorsegmentwerecarefullyevaluatedwithdilatedpupilunderslit-lamp.IPwerescreenedandgradedbyacriteriasetbytheauthors.Riskfactors,surgicaloutcomes,andoperativecomplicationswereanalyzed.RESULTS:Atotalof42subjects(3.2%)withIPwerediagnosedandclassifiedasgrade1(36subjects),grade2(5subjects)andgrade3(1subject).HarderlensesandintumescentcataractswereobservedintheIPgroupthanthecontrolgroup(P<0.05).Logisticsregressiontestalsoindicatedthemainriskfactorwasthehardnessofthelens.Theincidenceofzonulardialysisduringsurgerywas23.8%(10eyes),whichwassignificantlyhigherthanthecontrols(0.7%,P<0.001).Visualoutcomesofthetwogroupswerenotstatisticallyorclinicallysignificant.CONCLUSION:HardnucleusandintumescentcataractarerelatedtoIPinsenilecataractsubjectsinQinghai,China.Withmorecarebeingtaken,grade1andsomeofthegrade2IPsubjectsachievedsimilarsurgicaloutcomesascomparedtocontrols.

简介：<正>DirSir,IamdoctorGuo-YuanYang,fromtheDepartmentofOphthalmologyofWestChinaHospitalofSichuanUniversityinChengdu,SichuanProvince,China.Iwritetopresentacasereportofposteriorlentiglobuswithcataract.

简介：AIM:Toevaluatechangesintheanteriorchamberdepth(ACD),crystallinelensthickness(LT)anditsrefractivepowerafterlaserinsitukeratomileusis(LASIK).·METHODS:Inallcases,thepreoperativeandpostoperativecentralACDwhichweremeasuredwithPentacam,Orbscan,IOL-MasterandA-scanultrasonography,centralcornealtruenetpowerwhichwasmeasuredwiththePentacam,OrbscanandIOL-Master,axiallength(AL)whichwasmeasuredwithIOL-MasterandLTwhichwasmeasuredwiththeA-scanultrasonographywerecomparedusingthepairedsamplettest.OcularrefractiveerrorsandlensrefractivepoweratcornealplanewerecalculatedandtheircorrelationswerealsoevaluatedbeforeandafterLASIK.RESULTS:At1weekafterLASIK,LTandcrystallinelensrefractivepoweratcornealplane(Dlens)whichwereassociatedwiththeIOL-MasterandPentacamincreasedsignificantly(P≤0.005),ACDdecreasedsignificantly(P≤0.001),butnosignificantincreasewasobservedintheDlenswhichwasassociatedwiththeOrbscan(P=0.261).SignificantcorrelationsbetweenthechangesintheocularrefractiveerrorsandDlenswhichwereassociatedwiththePentacamwereobservedat1weekand6monthsafterLASIK(P=0.028;P=0.001).CONCLUSION:LTincreasedsignificantlyafterLASIK,andthismightpartiallyleadtoACDdecrease,Dlensincreaseandasmallquantityofmyopicregression.

简介：AIM:ToexploretheinhibitoryeffectofasustainedcyclosporinA(CsA)deliverymicrosphere(CsA-MS)onposteriorcapsularopacification(PCO)inrabbiteyesaftercataractextraction.·METHODS:TwentyNewZealandwhiterabbitsacceptedcataractextractionplusintraocularlensimplantationandtheirlefteyeswereintraoperativelyinjectedCsA-MSpreparedusingpolymerpolylactioglycolicacid(PLGA)asacarrierandtheirrighteyeswereinjectedwithemptyMS.Thechangesincornea,anteriorchamberreaction,intraocularpressure,PCOandCsAconcentrationinaqueoushumorwereexaminedpostoperativelyandalltheeyeswereenucleated3monthsaftersurgeryforhistopathologicalandmorphologicalexaminationwithlightmicroscopyandelectronmicroscopy.·RESULTS:Conjunctivalhyperemia,cornealedema,intraocularpressureandanteriorchamberresponseofexperimentalandcontroleyesweresimilar,whilePCOinCsAMSinjectedeyeswasgreatlyimprovedcomparedwiththatincontroleyes.PosteriorcapsulesinCsA-MSinjectedeyesweresmoothandlensepithelialcells(LEC)didnotproliferatesignificantly(P>0.05),whileLECinposteriorcapsuleofcontroleyeshaddifferentdegreesofproliferationandcorticalregeneration.LECinCsA-MSinjectedeyeswerenotfunctionallyactiveandunderwentapoptosis,whereasLECincontroleyeswerefunctionallyactive(F-test,P=0.025).Inaddition,thecornealultrastructureshowednodifferencesbetweenCsA-MSandMSinjectedeyes.CONCLUSION:CsA-MShashighbioavailabilityinrabbiteyesandcouldinhibitpostoperativePCOoccurrenceanddevelopmentduringthestudyperiod,suggestingthatCsA-MSmaybeapromising,effectiveandsafeadministrationroutetopreventPCOinclinic.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatetheefficacyofnon-buckledvitrectomywithclassicalendotamponadeagentsinthetreatmentofprimaryretinaldetachment(RD)complicatedbyinferiorbreaksandproliferativevitreoretinophathy(PVR).METHODS:Aretrospective,consecutiveandcaseseriesstudyof40patientswithinferiorbreakRDandPVR≥C1wasconducted.Allpatientsunderwentastandard3-port20-gaugeparsplanavitrectomy(PPV)withgasorsiliconeoiltamponadewithoutsupplementaryscleralbuckling.Thevitreousandallproliferativemembranewerecompletelyremoved,andretinectomywasperformedwhennecessary.Themeanfollow-upwas12.5months.Theprimaryandfinalanatomicsuccessrate,visualacuityandcomplicationswererecordedandanalyzed.RESULTS:Primaryanatomicsuccessratewasachievedin35of40eyes(87.5%)andthefinalanatomicsuccessratewas100%.ThemostcommoncauseofredetachmentwasrecurrentPVR.Thebest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)atfinalfollow-upwasimprovedin34eyes(85%),remainedstablein1eye(2.5%),andworsenedin5eyes(12.5%).Themeanvisualacuityatfinalfollow-upwasimprovedsignificantly(P=0.000).CONCLUSION:ThisretrospectivestudyprovidesevidencethatvitrectomywithoutscleralbucklingseemedtobeaneffectivetreatmentforinferiorbreakRDwithPVR.Withcompleteremovalofvitreousandproliferativemembranesandtimingofretinectomy,theinferiorbreakswhichcomplicatedwithPVRcouldbeclosedsuccessfullywithoutadditionalscleralbuckling.

简介：AIM:ToinvestigatetheeffectofY-27632onthesurvivalandneuriteoutgrowthoftheculturedretinalneurocytes.METHODS:Afterthepostnatalday2-3,Sprague-Dawleyretinalneurocyteswereculturedfor48hours,theculturemediawasreplacedwithserum-freemedia(controlgroup)andserum-freemediacontained30μmol/LY-27632(Y-27632group),andthecellswerecontinuallyculturedanother48hours.Theculturedretinalneurocyteswereidentifiedwithanti-neuronspecificenolase(NSE)immunocytochemistry.ThesurvivalstateofthosecellswasestimatedbyMTTassay,andtheneuriteoutgrowthofthosecellswasevaluatedbythecomputerizedimage-analysissystem.RESULTS:Comparedwiththecontrolgroup,theabsorbancevaluesofcellssurvivalinY-27632groupincreased12.90%and33.33%respectivelyafter72and96hoursculture.Y-27632hadnosignificanteffectonthediameterofculturedretinalneurocytes.Comparedwiththecontrolgroup,Y-27632inducedastableimprovementofneuriteoutgrowthofretinalneurocytesafter72and96hoursculture(P=0.001).CONCLUSION:Y-27632couldpromotethesurvivalandneuriteoutgrowthoftheearlypostnatalculturedretinalneurocytes.