简介:目的探讨地塞米松(dexamethasone,DEX)治疗豚鼠爆震性听力损失的给药途径。方法将24只成年豚鼠经脉冲噪声(167dBSPL,间隔2s,80发)暴露后,随机分为3组,每组8只。A组常规耳后切口,将浸透DEX的明胶海绵颗粒置于圆窗龛上。B组在手术显微镜下找到鼓膜,穿刺后将浸透DEX的明胶海绵颗粒置于圆窗龛上。C组手术方法同A组,给予生理盐水。分别于爆震前,爆震后24h及治疗后3周检测豚鼠听性脑干反应(auditorybrainstemresponse,ABR)。琥珀酸脱氢酶染色(succinicdehydrogenase,SDH)基底膜铺片,观察毛细胞。结果ABR检测结果显示:治疗后3周A组和C组ABRclick反应阈移差异有统计学意义(P=0.003);A组和B组,B组和C组比较差异均无统计学意义。SDH基底膜铺片观察3组毛细胞,见A组和B组毛细胞恢复均较C组好,但是A组恢复更佳。结论耳后径路和鼓膜直接穿刺给予DEX对豚鼠爆震性听力损失均有作用,前者效果明显。(中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2008,8:15-17)
简介:AIM:Todeterminetheproliferativepotentialandthemaintenanceofstemcellactivityinstoredhumanlimbaltissues,andcorrelatethiswiththepreservationtime,cellviabilityandtheexpressionofstemcellmarkers.METHODS:Thirtylimbalrimsweresplitinto4partsandstoredincornealpreservationmediumat4℃for0,1,4,or7days.ThelimbalstemcellandmitoticmarkersP63,CK19,proliferatingcellnuclearantigen(PCNA),andKi67weredeterminedbyimmunohistochemicalstaining.Theproliferativepotentialoflimbalepithelialcellswasassessedbycellviability,theabilityofgeneratingstratifiedepithelium,andcolonyformingassay.RESULTS:Thestoredtissuesmaintainedlimbalstratifiedstructureto7daysandexhibitedcomparableexpressionlevelofstemcellandmitoticmarkers.Theproportionofviablecellsdecreasedwiththeprolongedpreservationtime,whilecolonyformingefficiencydecreasedfromthe1stdayanddisappearedatthe4thday.Wheninoculatedonamnioticmembrane,thecellspreservedfor1dayformedastratifiedepithelium,whilethecellsfrom4days’preservationformedadiscontinuouslayer.CONCLUSION:Thecolonyformingefficiencyoflimbalepithelialstem/progenitorcellsdecreasedrapidlywiththeincreasingpreservationtime,whiletheexpressionlevelofmarkersandcapacityofformingepithelialmonolayeronamnioticmembranedecreasedgradually.Thelimbalepithelialstemcellslosttheirfunctionearlierthanthelostexpressionlevelofstemcellmarkers.Thismayhelpustobetterchoosetheappropriatepreservationgraftsforfuturelimbalstemcelltransplantation.
简介:目的分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructivesleepapneahypopneasyndrome,OSAHS)各指标与听力变化之间的关系。方法随机选取行多导睡眠监测的OSAHS患儿62例,呼吸暂停低通气指数(apneahypopneaindex,AHI)大于等于5的32例为试验组,小于5的30例为对照组,同时行声导抗、瞬态诱发性耳声发射、畸变产物耳声发射及听性脑干反应、鼻咽侧位X线片、纤维鼻咽镜检查。结果两组问听性脑干反应V波阈值试验组左耳(31.85±14.07)dBnHL,右耳(33.50±12.68)dBnHL;对照组左耳(20.76±7.50)dBnHL,右耳(23.09±6.39)dBnHL,两组间左耳(P=0.003)、右耳(P=0.002)差异均有统计学意义。经非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示:变量AHI和声导抗声顺值是OSAHS患儿听力下降的危险因素。结论缺氧是OSAHS患儿听力变化的决定因素,对OSAHS患儿应尽早治疗。(中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2010,10:229-231)
简介:目的研究高眼压及其持续时间对大鼠视网膜caspase-3表达的影响。方法通过前房灌注平衡盐液建立大鼠急性高眼压模型:高眼压持续时间均为4h,依据眼内压的不同将sD大鼠60只随机分为正常对照组、40mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)组、60mmHg组、80mmHg组、100mmHg组,每组12只。将眼内压为80mmHg的48只sD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、2h组、4h组、8h组,每组12只。正常对照组不给予前房灌注,其他各组分别给予不同的高眼压或高眼压持续不同时间。各组灌注结束后快速摘除眼球,分别采用Western印迹法和免疫组织化学法检测视网膜caspase-3的表达。结果与对照组相比,40mmHg组大鼠视网膜caspase-3的表达无增加(P〉0.05);60mmHg组、80mmHg组和100mmHg组大鼠视网膜caspase-3的表达均强于正常对照组(q值分别为4.87、5.28和6.71;P〈0.01),但各组之间差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。与对照组相比,2h组大鼠视网膜caspase-3的表达差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05),4h组和8h组大鼠视网膜caspase-3的表达均增加(q值分别为2.81和3.67;P〈0.01)。表达caspase-3的视网膜细胞主要位于神经节细胞层、外丛状层和内丛状层。结论采用前房灌注平衡盐液制作急性高眼压模型研究高眼压大鼠视网膜caspase-3的表达时,眼内压为80mmHg、高眼压持续4h即可。
简介:AIM:Tocharacterizetemporalpatternofresolutionandrecurrenceofnaivechoroidalneovascularization(CNV)secondarytowetage-relatedmaculardegeneration(AMD)treatedwithintravitrealbevacizumabonasneededregimen,andtoanalyzebaselineriskfactorsforCNVresolutionorrecurrence.METHODS:Ninety-oneeyesof80patientswithnewlydiagnosedwetAMDwereretrospectivelystudied.Alleyesweretreatedwitharoundofthreemonthlyintravitrealbevacizumabinjections,followedbyoneadditional’bonus’injectionafterresolutionofCNVactivity.Duringfollow-up,eyesweremonitoredwithfluoresceinangiography,opticalcoherencetomography,andbest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA).IncaseofrecurrencesofCNVactivity,eyeswereretreatedwithotherroundsofbevacizumabinjectionsfollowingthesametreatmentprotocol.RESULTS:Overamedianfollow-upof532d,themedianresolutiontimeofCNVactivityinthefirst,second,andthirdtreatmentroundwas98d,126d,and111d,respectively.Themedianrecurrencetimeforthethreeroundswas154d,126d,and151d,respectively.Nosignificantdifferenceinresolutiontime(P=0.09)orinrecurrencetime(P=0.11)wasdetectedamongtreatmentrounds.Age(P=0.0082)andlensstatus(P=0.035)werefoundtobeassociatedwithCNVresolution;forevery1-yearincreaseinagetherewas4%greaterchanceofCNVresolution;Phakiceyesdemonstrateda33%betterchancetoexperienceCNVresolutionthanpseudophakiceyes.ForCNVrecurrence,lensstatus(P=0.0009)andgender(P=0.0446)werefoundtobepredictive;pseudophakiceyeshada3.69-foldgreaterrisktoexperiencerecurrenceofCNVactivitycomparedtophakiceyes;maleshada2.19-foldgreaterrisktoexperiencerecurrenceofCNVactivitythanfemales.NosignificantBCVAchangesamongthreetreatmentroundswerenoted(P=0.56).CONCLUSION:ResolutiontimeandrecurrencetimeofCNVactivitywerenotsignificantlydifferentamongtreatmentrounds,suggestingabsenceoftachyphylaxistobevacizumab.Acautiousdecisionshouldbemadeupondisco