简介：目的本文报道了12例同时性多灶性喉癌并通过分析其临床病理学特点,探讨多灶性喉癌的发生学来源.方法回顾性分析1991～2001年间我院行全喉切除术的12例同时性多灶性喉癌的TNM分期、肿瘤位置、大小、组织学类型、病理学分级以及病史等.结果同时性多灶性喉癌的发病率是1.4%(12/861).所有病理均为鳞状细胞癌.同一病例各病灶的组织学类型和病理学分级均相同.二病灶喉癌的发生率占总数的91.7%(11/12),仅一例为三病灶喉癌、67%(8/12)患者中二病灶分别位于双声带游离缘的对应处.3例(25%)有术前放疗史,1例术前曾行多次声带活检为不典型增生.所有病例术前均未诊断出多灶性.结论声门型同时性多灶性喉癌可能为单中心起源.腔内种植即声带振动时癌细胞从一侧声带游离缘种植到对侧接触损伤处,可能是喉癌多灶性的原因之一,放疗可能是多灶性喉癌的诱发因素.

简介：0引言急性后部多灶性鳞状色素上皮病变（acuteposteriormultifocalplacoidpigmentepitheliopathy,APMPPE）由Gass于1968年首先报道。本病发病急,目前临床并不多见。本文报道1例双眼急性后部多灶性鳞状色素上皮病变的病例,就其发病原因、病情演变及治疗、愈后进行简要的分析总结。

简介：患者,男,44岁,住院号242392.患者2001年9月中旬觉右眼视力开始下降,迅速加重,伴有眼痛、头痛,遂来我院,门诊查见右眼上方视网膜脱离,做B超(2001-12516):"右眼鼻上方眼底前探及8.3×13.48mm的高回声,内部挖空及脉络膜凹陷,鼻下、颞上、鼻上方视网膜脱离光带2～5mm.

简介：目的探讨微小型甲状腺乳头状癌颈淋巴转移的临床意义.方法回顾性分析1998年5月～2001年12月住院治疗的27例微小型甲状腺乳头状癌患者,其中23例行颈清扫术,并与同期住院治疗的144例非微小型甲状腺乳头状癌进行对比.结果微小型与非微小型甲状腺乳头状癌颈部淋巴结转移分别为12/23(52.2%)、108/144(75.0%),淋巴结阳性率分别为29.7%、37.8%;Ⅵ区淋巴结转移分别为9/23(39.1%)、43/58(74.1%),淋巴结阳性率分别为32.0%、58.4%;Ⅰ-Ⅴ区淋巴结转移分别为11/23(47.8%)、93/144(64.6%),淋巴结阳性率分别为15.2%、34.9%,三者统计学均有显著性意义.10例临床颈部N0微小型甲状腺乳头状癌患者,6例病理检查发现淋巴结转移.结论微小型甲状腺乳头状癌患者颈淋巴结转移比非微小型低,以颈静脉链为常见部位,其次是气管食管沟.对一个确诊为微小型甲状腺乳头状癌患者,都应行颈清扫术.

简介：白内障是最常见的致盲眼病之一。谷胱甘肽S转移酶（glutathioneS-transferases,GSTs）是典型的多功能酶,主要催化各种化学剂与谷胱甘肽结合。近些年的研究表明,GSTs有抗过氧化引起的白内障作用。GSTs表达水平的高低在白内障形成中有着重要的作用。我们将近年来GSTs与年龄相关性白内障的研究情况做一综述。

简介：头颈鳞癌为头颈部常见的恶性肿瘤，近年来虽然手术联合辅助治疗取得了一定的进展，但是总体生存率并没有显著提高。研究表明，基质金属蛋白酶9不仅与头颈鳞癌的发生、发展、上皮-问充质转化及血管生成相关，而苴能通过多种方式促进肿瘤的侵袭与转移，是头颈鳞癌患者预后不良的主要因素。

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatewhether15-Lipoxygenase-1(15-LOX-1)playsanimportantroleintheregulationofangiogenesis,inhibitinghypoxia-inducedproliferationofretinalmicrovascularendothelialcells(RMVECs)andtheunderlyingmechanism.METHODS:PrimaryRMVECswereisolatedfromtheretinasofC57/BL6JmiceandidentifiedbyanevaluationforFITC-markedCD31.ThehypoxiamodelswereestablishedwiththeBio-bagandevaluatedwithablood-gasanalyzer.ExperimentswereperformedusingRMVECstreatedwithandwithouttransferAd-15-LOX-1orAd-vectorbothunderhypoxiaandnormoxiaconditionat12,24,48,72hours.Theefficacyofthegenetransferwasassessedbyimmunofluorescencestaining.CellsproliferationwasevaluatedbytheCCK-8method.RNAandproteinexpressionsof15-LOX-1,VEGF-A,VEGFR-2,eNOsandPPAR-rwereanalyzedbyreal-timereversetranscriptionpolymerasechainreaction(RT-PCR)andWesternblot.RESULTS:RoutineevaluationforFITC-markedCD31showedthatcellswerepure.Theresultsofblood-gasanalysisshowedthatwhenthecultureswereexposedtohypoxiaformorethan2hours,thePo2was4.5to5.4Kpa.WeverifiedRMVECscouldbeinfectedwithAd-15-LOX-1orAd-vectorviaFluorescencemicroscopy.CCK-8analysisrevealedthattheproliferativecapacitiesofRMVECsinhypoxicgroupweresignificantlyhigherateachtimepointthantheywereinnormoxicgroup(P<0.05).Inahypoxiccondition,theproliferativecapacitiesofRMVECsin15-LOX-1groupweresignificantlyinhibited(P<0.05).Real-timeRT-PCRanalysisrevealedthattheexpressionsofVEGF-A,VEGF-R2andeNOsmRNAincreasedinhypoxiagroupcomparedwithnormoxiagroup(P<0.01).However,theexpressionsof15-LOX-1,PPAR-rmRNAdecreasedinhypoxiagroupcomparedwithnormoxiagroup(P<0.01).Italsoshowedthatinahypoxiccondition,theexpressionsofVEGF-A,VEGF-R2andeNOsmRNAdecreasedsignificantlyin15-LOX-1groupcomparedwithhypoxiagroup(P<0.01).However,15-LOX-1andPPAR-rmRNAincreasedsigni

简介：AIM:Todescribethecharacteristicsofmodulationtransferfunction(MTF)ofanteriorcornealsurface,andobtainthethenormalreferencerangeofMTFatdifferentspatialfrequenciesandopticalzonesoftheanteriorcornealsurfaceinmyopes.·METHODS:Fourhundredeyesfrom200patientswereexaminedunderSIRIUScornealtopographysystem.PhoenisanalysissoftwarewasappliedtosimulatetheMTFcurvesofanteriorcornealsurfaceatverticalandhorizontalmeridiansatthe3,4,5,6,7mmopticalzonesofcornea.TheMTFvaluesatspatialfrequenciesof5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,55and60cycles/degree(c/d)wereselected.·RESULTS:TheMTFcurveofanteriorcornealsurfacedecreasedrapidlyfromlowtointermediatefrequency(0-15cpd)atvariousopticalzonesofcornea,thevaluedecreasedto0slowlyathigherfrequency(>15cpd).Withtheincreaseoftheopticalzonesofcornea,MTFcurvedecreasedgradually.3)Intherangeof3mm-6mmopticalzonesofthecornea,theMTFvaluesmeasuredathorizontalmeridianweregreaterthanthecorrespondingvaluesathorizontalmeridianofeachspatialfrequency,thedifferencewasstatisticallysignificant(P<0.05).At7mmopticalzonesofcornea,theMTFvaluesmeasuredathorizontalmeridianwerelessthanthecorrespondingvaluesatverticalmeridianat10-60spatialfrequencies(cpd),andthedifferencewasstatisticallysignificantin25,30,35,40,45,50cpd(P<0.05).·CONCLUSION:MTFcanbeusedtodescribetheimagingqualityofopticalsystemsatanteriorcornealsurfaceobjectivelyindetail.