简介：Effectsofnon-ionicpolyacrylamide(PAM),anionicpolyacrylamide(PHP),cationicpolyacrylamide(PCAM),non-ionicpolyvinylalcohol(PVA),anionichydrolyzedpolyacrylonitrile(HPAN)andpolyethleneoxide(PEO)onthephysicalpropertiesofthreedifferentsoilstpeswerestudied.contentofwater-stableaggregateslargerthan0.25mmincreasedtovaryingextentsfordifferentsoilsandsoilconditioners,Amongthesixkindsofcondiftioners,non-ionicpolyacrylamide(PAM)wasthemosteffectiveforredsoilwhilepolyethyleneoxide(PEO)theleasteffectiveforChaosoil,redsoilandyellow-brownsoil.Water-stableaggregateswiththemolecularweightofPEOwithinacertainrange.OnlyevaporationrateofChaosoildecreasedafteraplicationofPAMandHPANtoChaosoilandredsoil.

简介：TwoecotypesofElsholtzia,ElsholtziasplendensandE.Argyi,aredominantplantsgrowingonCuandPb-Znsmelters,respectively.SamplesofthetwoecotypesandthecorrespondingsoilsfromfieldsofacopperminingareaandaPb-ZnminingareaofZhejiangProvince,China,wereanalyzedtoinvestigateCuorZntoleranceofthesetwoecotypes.EffectsofnineCulevels(0,5,10,20,40,80,160,240and320mgCuL-1asCuSO4@SH20)ongrowthanduptake,translocationandaccumulationofCuinthesetwoecotypeswereexaminedinasolutioncultureexperiment.Theexperimentalresultsshowedthatdryweights(DW)ofshootsandrootsweredepressed,andgrowthofE.SplendenswaslessdepressedthanthatofE.Argyiwhentreatedwith≥5mgCuL-1.ConcentrationsofCuinshootsofE.SplendensandE.Argyiexceeded1000mgkg-1DWat≥40mgCuL-x.ThemaximumCuaccumulatedintheshootsofGu-treatedE.SplendensandE.Argyireached101and142μgplant-1.Furthermore,analysisofplantsamplesfromthefieldsshowedthatthesetwoecotypescantolerantexcessheavymetalsandproducedhighdrymatter,andE.Splendenscanaccumulate11.7mgCuplant-1grownontheCusmelter.Therefore,E.SplendensandE.Argyicouldbegoodplantsforphytoremediation.

简介：土壤温度是土壤上的一个主要有效因素并且种生物性质。灌溉能影响土壤温度并且从而在植物生长上导致温度效果，它可以由于更高的产量和植物营养导致经济增加。一个地实验被执行包括完整的灌溉(FI)调查三灌溉策略的效果，弄干的部分根地区(PRD)和土壤温度上的赤字灌溉(DI)和谷物上的作为结果的结果让步并且玉米(泽·梅L.)的N举起。土壤温度被时间领域反射计(TDR)测量传感器在2010成长季节期间。灌溉处理在种以后从55～107d被使用。PRD处理引起了土壤温度在为一个更长的时期的一个有利领域(为超过60%测量日期)作为到更深的土壤层的水运动的作为结果的结果与另外的处理相比；PRD处理也在更深的土壤深度把土壤温度归结为在为玉米根生长的最大的有利土壤温度下面，它由于水可获得性和有利土壤温度导致了更深的根穿入。比作FI治疗，PRD治疗增加了根水举起50%并且当这没在植物生长上由于DI的否定温度效果部分在DI治疗被观察时，没在全部的N举起引起重要减小，它因而影响了水和滋养的举起。在PRD处理的一个更长的植被时期在FI处理由于更高的叶N集中被观察，在玉米谷物产量的重要减小都没发生在PRD处理，与那些相比。在结果上基于，让15.2%流水在完整的成长季节期间节省，PRD灌溉将断然影响是的土壤温度和水和滋养的举起一作为结果，它将从而在玉米谷物产量阻止重要减小。

简介：AmathematicalexpressionofFreundlichkineticequation,lnS=A'+B'lnt,ispresented,andthephysicalmeaningsofitsparametersareindicated.AlthoughtheFreundlichkineticequationandthetwo-constantequationarethesameintheform,thederivationoftheFreundlichkineticequationisprecise,whilethederivationofthetwo-constantequationhassomecontradictionsandisunreasonable,AnditissuggestedthattheFreundlichkineticequationshouldhaveprorityoverthetwo-constantequationtobeused.

简介：Thelowremovaleffciencyoftotalnitrogen(TN)isoneofthemaindisadvantagesoftraditionalsinglestagesubsurfaceinfiltrationsystem,whichcombinesananaerobictankandasoilfilterfield.Inthisstudy,afull-scale,two-stageanaerobictankandsoiltrenchsystemwasdesignedandoperatedtoevaluatethefeasibilityandperformancesintreatingsewagefromaschoolcampusforoveraone-yearmonitoringperiod.Therawsewagewaspreparedandfedintothefirstanaerobictankandsecondtankby60%and40%,respectively.Thisnovelprocesscoulddecreasechemicaloxygendemandwiththedichromatemethodby89%-96%,suspendedsolidsby91%-97%,andtotalphosphorusby91%-97%.Thedenitrificationwassatisfactoryinthesecondstagesoiltrench,sotheremovalsofTNaswellasammonianitrogen(NH+4-N)reached68%-75%and96%-99%,respectively.ItappearedthattheremovaleffciencyofTNinthistwo-stageanaerobictankandsoiltrenchsystemwasmoreeffectivethanthatinthesinglestagesoilinfiltrationsystem.Theeffuentmetthedischargestandardforthesewagetreatmentplant(GB18918-2002)ofChina.

简介：Soilmacroinvertebratesarehighlydiverseandtheirmajorecologicalserviceincludebreakdownoforganicmatterandinturnimprovesoilfertilityandpill-millipedesarewell-knownfortheirsigni?cantroleiningestion,disintegrationanddecompositionoforganicmatterinsoil.Thisstudycharacterizedthefeed,thedecomposingleaflitterofcoconut(Cocosnucifera),andfaecesoftwoendemicgiantpill-millipedesArthrosphaeradistictaandA.fumosacollectedfromforestsoftheWesternGhatsofIndiabasedonchemicalfeaturesandmicrobialpro?le.Inbothmillipedes,electricconductivityandtotalphosphorusweresigni?cantlyincreasedinfaeces,whilethecrudeprotein,organiccarbon,totalnitrogenandtotalphenolicsweresigni?cantlydecreased,ascomparedtothoseinfeed.Heterotrophicbacteria,actinomycetes,rhizobiaandphosphate-solubilizingbacteriaweresigni?cantlyhigherinfaecesthaninfeed,while?lamentousfungiandyeastsubstantiallydecreasedinfacescomparedtofeedinboththemillipedes.Spectrumoffattyacidmethylesterswasconsiderablydifferentbetweenfeedandfaecesofboththemillipedes.Thetotalsaturatedfattyacidswerehigherthanthetotalunsaturatedfattyacidsinfeedaswellasfaeces,whiletheratioofunsaturated/saturatedfattyacidsdecreasedfromfeedtofaeces.DodecanoicandtetradecanoicacidsinA.distictaandoctadecanoicacidinA.fumosasigni?cantlyincreased,while(9Z)-octadec-9-enoicand(9E,12E)-octadeca-9,12-dienoicacidsinA.distictaandhexadecanoic,tetracosanoicand(9E,12E)-octadeca-9,12-dienoicacidsinA.fumosasigni?cantlydecreasedinfaecescomparedtofeed,indicatingmillipede-dependentchangesinfattyacids.Icosanoicacidwaspresentinfaecesofboththemillipedes,andhexadec-9-enoicacidwascon?nedtofaecesofA.disticta,whilepentadecanoic,heneicosanoic,(9Z,12Z,15Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoicandeicosenoicacidswerecon?nedtofaecesofA.fumosa.Pill-millipedesenrichthesoilqualitybyleaflitterconditioningintheirgutthroughspeci?cmi