简介：本文首先简要讨论了水工泄水消能建筑物抗冲磨材料的工程应用情况和存在的问题,以及目前的研究趋势.详细阐述了喷涂聚脲弹性体材料及其配套施用技术的独特性能,综述了该项技术在国内外的应用状况,展望了其在水利水电工程中的应用前景.

简介：水工建筑物混凝土常常出现渗漏、裂缝、冻融剥蚀、冻胀、冲磨空蚀以及伸缩缝漏水等病害。为了及时消除病害，需要采用有效的修补材料及可靠的技术。文中介绍了水工建筑物混凝土表面防护的一种柔性高性能防护涂料及其使用方法，SK单组分刮涂聚脲具有抗拉强度高、伸长率大、与混凝土粘接强、抗冲磨和防渗效果好、耐老化、施工工艺简单等特点，适用于处理混凝土伸缩缝、裂缝、大面积防渗及有抗冲磨要求的泄洪建筑物等水利水电工程。通过在大量工程中应用，取得了较显著的效果。

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简介：Inthispaper,perturbationmethodandFourier-cosine-expansionmethodareusedtosolvea3-DnonlinearproblemofasupercavitatingflowinaninclinedfieldofgravityatlargeFroudenumbers.Byexpandingthevelocitypotentialintoapowerseriesofasmallparameter,theoriginal3-Dnonlinearproblemisreducedtoanumberof2-Dones.Thesolutionsofthefirstthreeordersarederivedindetailandexpressedintermsofthecompleteellipticintegralsofthefirstandsecondkinds.Thentheboundaryintegralequationmethodisappliedtogetthenumericalsolutionsforeachorder.Computationalresultsareprovidedforsupercavitatingflowspastconesundervariousflowconditions.

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简介：Inthepresenceofbottomwater,adropinthereservoirpressureduetofluidproductioncausestheaquiferwatertoexpandandtoflowintothereservoir.Therefore,hydrocarbonproductionfromawellislimitedbythecriticalflowrate.Themainpurposeofthisstudyistoinvestigatethebreakthroughtimeandthecriticalratebyusinganovel3-Dhorizontalwellmodel.Basedonthehypothesisthatthehorizontalwellislocatedinanypositionofacircularreservoirwithno-flowboundaryonthetopofthereservoirandconstantpressureboundaryatthebottom,thehorizontalwellhasbeenregardedasaninfiniteconductivitylinesinkandthena3-Dsteady-stateflowmodelofthehorizontalwellissetup.ApointsinkpressuresolutioncanbeobtainedwiththeFouriertransform.Theresultofthepressuredistributionoftheuniformfluxhorizontalwellcanbepresentedbymeansoftheprincipleofsuperposition.Accordingtothestablewatercrestingtheory,thisstudyconfirmsthestableheightofwatercrestingandthecriticalrate.Meanwhile,itcanre-confirmthebreakthroughtimeataspecificrate.Theoutputofacomparisonbetweenthis3-Dmodelandthereservoirnumericalsimulator(Eclipse)showsthemethodpresentedherecanbeappliedtoinvestigatethebehaviorofawatercrestingandtopredictthebreakthroughtimeatthebottomwaterdriverreservoir.

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简介：Inthisarticle,theanaglyphvideomakerisemployedforgeneratingrealistic3-DflowsandthesoftwareFlowAnimatorisdevelopedusingthattechnology.BasedonMicrosoftWindowsPresentationFoundation(WPF),thereal3-Dsceneissetupandmarkerparticlesaredistributedinitrandomlyinordertocreateamorenaturalflowscenario.ThetrajectoryoftheparticlemotioniscalculatedwithLagrangiandescriptionin3-Dspace.Duringthesimulation,theviewportcanbechangedinordertofocusondifferentpartsofthemodelbypanning,zooming,rotatingandinclinationvariationetc.Markerparticlesmayappearindifferentshapes:spheres,tracking-balls,cylindersandribbonsinordertofitdifferentflows.Itisthefirsttimethatthevideoanaglyphtechnologyisemployedinthe3-Dhydrodynamicsimulation,whichremovestheobstaclesfor3-Dscenestoberenderedonaflat-paneldisplay.

简介：通过结合小湾水电工程的特点，进行聚羧酸类减水剂应用的试验研究，分析了施工中存在的矛盾，适宜地选择了外加剂品种和掺量，确定了使用的工程部位和相应措施，满足现场混凝土施工需要。

简介：喷涂聚脲防水涂料具有强度高、伸长率高、耐磨、抗冲击、附着力好、施工速度快等优点，目前是京沪高铁等高速铁路的最佳防水方案。本文结合京沪高铁喷涂聚脲防水涂料试验方法及试验中遇到的问题，分析总结了喷涂聚脲防水涂料的性能及试验具体的操作方法。

简介：本文结合两例混凝土表面喷涂聚脲工程实例，从施工角度分析总结了聚脲喷涂施工常见质量缺陷与应对措施。

简介：Ageneralizedbendflowmodel,treatinga90°singlebendand60°continuousbends,wasdesignedtoquantitativelydescribe3-Dturbulencemechanismofcirculatingnot-fully-developedflowinopenchannelswithbends.The3-Dfluctuatingvelocitiesofturbulentflowweremeasuredandanalyzedwitha3-Dacoustic-Dopplervelocimeter.Formulafor3-Dturbulentintensitywasderivedusingthedimensionanalysisapproach.Expressionsofverticalturbulent-intensitydistributionswereobtainedwiththemultivariant-regressiontheory,whichagreewithexperimentdata.Distributionsofturbulentintensityandturbulentstresswerecharacterized,andtheirrelationshipswereconcluded.Inthebend-turbulent-flowcoreregion,longitudinalandlateralturbulent-intensitydistributionsarecoincidentwithlineardistribution,butinnear-wallregionarecoincidentwiththeGammadistribution.VerticalturbulentintensitydistributionsarecoincidentwiththeRayleighdistribution.Herein,itisconcludedthatthebendturbulenceisanisotropic.

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简介：为满足磨万铁路第Ⅳ标段第1分部工程混凝土的特殊施工要求，先通过理论计算结合试验确定混凝土配合比，再试验不同种类聚羧酸减水剂对拌合物工作性能和耐久性能的影响，通过坍落度、坍落度的经时变化、含气量、容重、强度等表征手段，评价减水剂对混凝土性能的调控作用。结果表明，应用“减水型＋保坍型＋引气剂＋消泡剂＋保水剂＋缓凝剂”可配制出满足技术要求的混凝土。

简介：Whenabodynavigateswithcavityinshallowwater,bothflexiblefreesurfaceandrigidbottomwallwillproducegreatinfluencesonthecavityshapeandhydrodynamicperformances,andfurtheraffectthemotionattitudeandstabilityofthebody.Inthepresentwork,characteristicsofthenaturalcavitatingflowarounda2-Dsymmetricalwedgeinshallowwaterwereinvestigatedandtheinfluencesoftwotypeboundariesontheflowpatternwereanalyzed.TheVolumeOfFluid(VOF)multiphaseflowmethodwhichissuitableforfreesurfaceproblemswasutilized,coupledwithanaturalcavitationmodeltodealwiththemass-transferprocessbetweenliquidandvaporphases.Withintherangeofthecavitationnumberforcomputation(0.07-1.81),thecavityconfigurationswouldbedividedintothreetypes,viz.,stabletype,transitiontypeandwake-vortextype.Inthisarticle,theshapesofthefreesurfaceandthecavitysurface,andthehydrodynamicperformanceofthewedgewerediscussedundertheconditionsofrelativelysmallcavitationnumber(<0.256).Thepresentnumericalcavitylengthsgenerallyaccordwithexperimentaldata.Whenthecavitationnumberwasdecreased,thecavitywasfoundtobecomelongerandthicker,andthescopeofthedeformationofthefreesurfacealsograduallyextends.Thefreesurfaceandtheuppercavitysurfacecorrespondfairlytotheirshapes.However,thelowersideofthecavitysurfacewasratherleveledduetotheinfluenceofwallboundary.Theliftanddragcoefficientsofthis2-Dwedgebasicallykeeplinearrelationswiththenaturalcavitationnumbersmallerthan0.157,whereasdirectproportionfordragandinverseproportionforlift.

简介：水电三局编写的《堆石坝面板混凝土裂缝处理聚脲刮涂法施工工法》中应用的聚脲涂层弹技术是为适应环保需求而研制、开发的一种新型无溶剂、无污染的环保型施工技术。在施工方面具有施工速度快、整体性能优异、环保性好等特点。是一种新型的“万能”涂装技术，它全面突破了传统涂装技术的局限，并逐渐有替代传统混凝土防水技术的趋势。2011年以来，聚脲涂层防护技术已在湖北潘口水电站、贵州黔中水利枢纽、湖南涔天河水库等数个堆石面板坝混凝土面板裂缝防渗处理工程中应用，总处理面积已超过超过5万m^2，具有施工便捷、快速、防水功能稳定可靠的特点，具有良好的社会效益。

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简介：A3-Dtimedomainmethodisdevelopedtoinvestigatethegapinfluenceonthewaveforcesfor3-Dmultiplefloatingstructures.Specialhydrodynamicresonanceduetosmallgapsbetweenmultiplefloatingstructuresonwaveforcesisexamined.Strongandcomplicatehydrodynamicinteractionsbetweenthefloatingbodiesareobservedandthenumericalcomputationshaveprovedtheexistenceofthesharppeakforceresponseoneachfloatingbodyatsomespecialresonantwavenumbers.Bycomparisonwiththeresultsfromthefrequencydomaintechnique,theresultsobtainedfromthetimedomainmethodrevealthesimilarresonantphenomenaandhydrodynamicinteraction.TheresonantwavenumbersarealsoprovedaroundkL=nπ(n=1,2,…,∞)withacorrespondingfrequencyshift.Thestronghydrodynamicinteractionfeatureispracticallysignificantforthedesignofmodulestructuresandthelinks(connection)inwholethefloatingbodysystem.

简介：Three-dimensionalseepageindoublefracturedmediawasmodeledinthispaper.Thedeterminationofhydraulicconductivitytensorofrockmassisavitalproblemfortheseawaterintrusionorseawaterencroachmentandseepageoffissuredmedium.Accordingtothegeologicalandhydrogeologicalconditionsforthe2nd-stageconstructionoftheThreeGorgesProject(TGP),thephysicalandmathematicalmodelsforthegroundwatermovementthroughthe3Ddoublefracturedmediaofrockmassduringconstructionwereestablishedinthispaper.Basedondiscontinuity-controlinversetheory,somerelatedparametersofdoublefracturedmediawereinversedwithfluxbeingtheknownquantityandcalibrationofwatertabletheobjectivefunction.Synchronously,theseepagefieldoftheconstructionregionwassystematicallyanalyzedandsimulated,theresultsofwhichexhibitthatthedoublefracturedmediamodeloffracturewatercancomprehensivelyandcorrectlydescribethegeologicalandhydrogeologicalconditionsintheconstructionregion.