简介：这研究寻求了在病理学的ENE阴茎癌估计extranodal扩展(ENE)和几个另外的风险因素的度的预示的意义。我们分析了有希望地与证明ENE在31个化疗天真的病人的一个连续系列上收集了数据经历了治疗学的地区性的lymphadenectomy。手术后的外部放射疗法然后被执行。我们学习了一个新奇分级系统和相关病人与他们的结果措施分级的利用的ENE的程度。ENE作为1被分级-如果淋巴节点(行)的囊被破裂不到三分之一个它的圆周或2-如果囊被破坏，超过三分之一个它的圆周或全部行被破坏。我们用Kaplan-Meier方法估计了全面幸存(OS)。Multivariate分析根据比例的危险用在univariate分析作为统计上重要被识别的因素建模的考克斯的意见被执行。ENE的发生率在有阴茎的病理学的节点积极的癌的病人是51.8%。中部的OS和5年的幸存是18个月(95%信心间隔(CI)，14.4-21.6)并且23%分别地。univariate分析上的预示的变量是ENE等级2，≥；有ENE的3行，最大的行≥；35公里，≥；5积极的行和骨盆的行参与。在multivariate分析上，仅仅ENE等级2仍然保持与减少的OS联系了(危险比率(HR)：6.50)。在结论，有ENE的病人有等级2是的差的结果，和ENE在有病理学的ENE的病人的差的OS的一个独立预兆的因素阴茎癌。

简介：AbstractPurpose:An injury surveillance information system (ISIS) collects, analyzes, and distributes data on injuries to promote health care delivery. The present study aimed to review the data elements and functional requirements of this system.Method:This study was conducted in 2019. Studies related to injury surveillance system were searched from January 2000 to September 2019 via the databases of PubMed, Web of Knowledge, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. Articles related to the epidemiology of injury, population survey, and letters to the editor were excluded, while the review and research articles related to ISISs were included in the study. Initially 324 articles were identified, and finally 22 studies were selected for review. Having reviewed the articles, the data needed were extracted and the results were synthesized narratively.Results:The results showed that most of the systems reviewed in this study used the minimum data set suggested by the World Health Organization injury surveillance guidelines along with supplementary data. The main functions considered for the system were injury track, data analysis, report, data linkage, electronic monitoring and data dissemination.Conclusion:ISISs can help to improve healthcare planning and injury prevention. Since different countries have various technical and organizational infrastructures, it is essential to identify system requirements in different settings.

简介：

简介：ＰＡＴＩＥＮＴＭＯＮＩＴＯＲＩＮＧＳＹＳＴＥＭＰＡＴＩＥＮＴＭＯＮＩＴＯＲＩＮＧＳＹＳＴＥＭＨａｕＧｕｉｆｅｎ；ＬｉｕＧｕａｎｇｒｏｎｇ（ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＰＬＡ．ＧｅｎｅｒａｌＨｏｓｐｉｔａｌ１００８５３，Ｂｅｉｊｉｎｇ，Ｃｈｉｎａ）ＳｕｃｈａｓＰａｔ...

简介：AbstractBackground:Recently, adjustable-loop devices (ALDs) have been widely used, and their reliability has always been the focus of attention. This study compared loop length changes under pull stress caused by flexion and extension of the cadaver knee between ALDs and fixed-loop devices (FLDs) in terms of femoral fixation after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.Methods:ACL reconstruction in cadaveric knee joints was performed under arthroscopy with femoral suspension devices and tibial fixation by tying sutures on staples. The knee joint was repeatedly flexed and extended 30 times after fixation. According to the femoral fixation device used (Endobutton or Ultrabutton), the knee joints were divided into two groups: the ALD group (12 specimens) and the FLD group (ten specimens). The length of the loop before and after fixation was measured, and the loop length of the ALD group was re-measured 1 day after reconstruction.Results:There was no significant difference in the length of the loop between the two groups (t = 0.579, P = 0.569). One day later, the loop length of the ALDs retracted by 0.29 ± 0.33 (0-1.1) mm, and there was no retraction in three specimens.Conclusion:There was no significant difference in the loop length under flexion and extension stress after ACL reconstruction between ALDs and FLDs.

简介：AbstractThe complement system plays a key role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, which usually injures the kidney. More and more studies have shown the pathogenic role and indicated that abnormal activation of the complement system was highly involved in the outbreak of autoimmune diseases. This review mainly introduced recent studies of complement system activation contributing to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides, and so on. Understanding the pathogenic roles of complement activation in various autoimmune diseases will identify potential novel therapeutic targets on complement systems.

简介：Thedendriticcellsystemcontainsconventionaldendriticcells(DCs)andplasmacytoidpre-dendriticcells(pDCs).BothDCsandpDCsarebonemarrowderivedcells.AlthoughthecommonfunctionsofDCsareantigen-processingandT-lymphocyteactivation,theydifferinsurfacemarkers,migratorypatterns,andcytokineoutput.ThesedifferencescandeterminethefateoftheTcellstheyactivate.SeveralsubsetsofmatureDCshavebeendescribedinbothmouseandhumanandthedevelopmentalprocessesofthesespecializedDCsubsetshavebeenstudiedextensively.TheoriginalconceptthatallDCswereofmyeloidoriginwasquestionedbyseveralrecentstudies,whichdemonstratedthatinadditiontotheDCsderivedfrommyeloidprecursors,someDCscouldalsobeefficientlygeneratedfromlymphoid-restrictedprecursors.Moreover,ithasbeenshownrecentlythatbothconventionalDCsandpDCscanbegeneratedbytheFlt3expressinghemopoieticprogenitorsregardlessoftheirmyeloid-orlymphoid-origin.ThesefindingssuggestanearlydevelopmentalflexibilityofprecursorsforDCsandpDCs.ThisreviewsummarizessomerecentobservationsonthedevelopmentofDCsysteminbothhumanandmouse.

简介：ＴＨＥＡＣＵＰＵＮＣＴＵＲＥＡＮＤＭＯＸＩＢＵＳＴＩＯＮＥＸＰＥＲＴＳＹＳＴＥＭＴＨＥＡＣＵＰＵＮＣＴＵＲＥＡＮＤＭＯＸＩＢＵＳＴＩＯＮＥＸＰＥＲＴＳＹＳＴＥＭＪｉａｎｇＭｉｎｇｙａｎ；ＣｈｅｎＺｈｉｊｉａｎ（ＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎ...

简介：Whereasmuchhasbeenlearnedaboutage-relatedauditorychangesintheinnerear,relativelylittleisknownabouttheagingeffectsonthevestibularpartoftheinnerear-theperipheralvestibularsystem.Herewereviewrelevantliteraturewithregardtotheprevalenceofvestibulardysfunction,vestibularfunctionalandstructuralchangesintheelderly.Theprevalenceofvestibulardysfunctionincreaseswithage.Functionally,asageincreases,VEMPamplitudesdecrease,VEMPthresholdsincrease,VORgainofHITdecreases.Duetothecomplexityofthevestibularsystem,variationsinsubjectageandmeasurementtechniques,findingsinVEMPlatencyandcalorictestsareconflicting.Toaddressthis,adirectmeasureoftheperipheralvestibularsystemshouldbeapplied.Structurally,age-relatedlossinvestibularganglionandotoconiahavebeennoted;haircellchangesarenotwelldefined;whilesubcellularchangesremaintobeexplored.Defininghowtheonsetofvestibulardysfunctioncorrelateswithstructuraldegenerationwillofferinsightsintothemechanismsunderlyingvestibularaging.

简介：Intradiploicepidermoidcysts,fairlyuncommonlesionsinneurosurgicalpractice,are,asarule,benignandslow-growing.Somemayattaingreatsize.Correctradiologicalassessmentandcompleteremovalofthetumoranditscapsuleareessentialforadequatesurgicaltreatmentandgoodlong-termprognosis.Wereporttwocasesofintradiploicepidermoidcystsoftheskull,withgiantandCT-hyperdenselesionswithextraandintracranialextension,andanalyzetheclinicopathologicalandimagingfeaturesandtreatmentoftheselesionsinthelightofthemostimportantpublisheddata.

简介：无

简介：无

简介：

简介：AbstractAs an emerging field, telesurgery robotic system is changing the traditional medical mode and can delivery remote surgical treatment anywhere in the world. Advances in telesurgery robotic technology achieve the remote control beyond the current limitation of distance and special medical environment. This review introduces the development history, the current status and the potential in future of the telesurgery robotic system. In addition, it presents the construction of control platform and the application, especially in trauma treatment, as well as the challenge in clinic.

简介：

简介：ＡＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＥＣＧＭＯＮＩＴＯＲＩＮＧＡＮＤＲＥＣＯＲＤＩＮＧＳＹＳＴＥＭＬｉｊｕｎＴｉａｎ，ＺｏｎｇｚｈａｎＤｕ，ＤｏｎｇｑｉｎｇＷａｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＥｌｅｃｔｒｉｃａｌＰｏｗｅｒＳｈａｎｄｏｎｇＰｏｌｙｔｅｃｈｎｉｃＵｎｉｖｅｒ...

简介：

简介：ＴＨＥＤＥＳＩＧＮＡＮＤＡＰＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＲＥＬＡＸＡＮＴＭＯＮＩＴＯＲＩＮＧＳＹＳＴＥＭＴＨＥＤＥＳＩＧＮＡＮＤＡＰＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＲＥＬＡＸＡＮＴＭＯＮＩＴＯＲＩＮＧＳＹＳＴＥＭＺｈｏｕｗｅｉ，ＹａｎｇＪｉｅｑｉｕ，ＬｉｎＳｈｕｊｕ...

简介：AbstractBackground:Rapid and accurate detection of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is critical for effective control of tuberculosis (TB). Herein, we established a novel, low cost strategy having high accuracy and speed for the detection of M. tuberculosis drug resistance, using gene splicing by overlap extension PCR (SOE PCR).Methods:The SOE PCR assay and Sanger sequencing are designed and constructed to detect mutations of rpoB, embB, katG, and inhA promoter, which have been considered as the major contributors to rifampicin (RFP), isoniazid (INH), and ethambutol (EMB) resistance in M. tuberculosis. One hundred and eight M. tuberculosis isolates came from mycobacterial cultures of TB cases at Chongqing Public Health Medical Center in China from December 2018 to April 2019, of which 56 isolates were tested with the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay. Performance evaluation of the SOE PCR technique was compared with traditional mycobacterial culture and drug susceptibility testing (DST) or GeneXpert MTB/RIF among these isolates. Kappa identity test was used to analyze the consistency of the different diagnostic methods.Results:We found that the mutations of S531L, S315T and M306V were most prevalent for RFP, INH and EMB resistance, respectively, in the 108 M. tuberculosis isolates. Compared with phenotypic DST, the sensitivity and specificity of the SOE PCR assay for resistance detection were 100.00% and 88.00% for RFP, 94.64% and 94.23% for INH, and 68.97% and 79.75% for EMB, respectively. Compared with the GeneXpert MTB/RIF, the SOE PCR method was completely consistent with results of the GeneXpert MTB/RIF, with a concordance of 100% for resistance to RFP.Conclusions:In present study, a novel SOE PCR diagnostic method was successfully developed for the accurate detection of M. tuberculosis drug resistance. Our results using this method have a high consistency with that of traditional phenotypic DST or GeneXpert MTB/RIF, and SOE PCR testing in clinical isolates can also be conducted rapidly and simultaneously for detection of drug resistance to RFP, EMB, and INH.

简介：AbstractObjective:To evaluate the survival outcomes for a cohort of nasopharyngeal cancer with intracranial extension (ICE) treated with induction chemotherapy (ICT) followed by chemo-intensity-modulated radiotherapy (CTRT) at a tertiary cancer center.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 45 patients with histologically proven, non-metastatic NPC with ICE treated at our institute between October 2008 and October 2016. Patients were classified as minor ICE or major ICE, based on the extent of ICE. All the patients received 2-3 cycles of a taxane-based ICT regimen followed by CTRT. Radiotherapy was delivered with "riskadapted" intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) technique in all patients.Results:After a median follow up of 45 months (range: 8-113 months), the estimated 5-year DFS, LRFS, DMFS, and OS of the entire cohort was 58%, 82%, 67% and 74% respectively. On multivariate analysis, histological subtype was an independent predictor of LRFS, and age was an independent predictor of DFS. The extent of ICE showed only a trend towards worse DFS (P= 0.06). None of the factors significantly predicted for DMFS or OS. Gender, N-stage, and response to ICT did not significantly affect any of the outcomes. Grade 2 or worse subcutaneous fibrosis was seen in 22% of patients and grade 2 or worse xerostomia was seen in 24% of patients at last follow up. Thirty-three percent of the patients developed clinical hypothyroidism at last follow up. None of the patients experienced any neurological or vascular complications.Conclusions:Taxane-based induction chemotherapy followed by chemo-intensity modulated radiotherapy resulted in excellent locoregional control and survival with acceptable toxicities in patients of nasopharyngeal cancer with intracranial extension. Distant metastasis continues to be the predominant problem in these patients.