简介：无

简介：AbstractBackground:Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) is a condition with nonspecific symptoms and most of times patients present late with advanced disease which may pre-dispose to malignancy. The magnitude and clinical characteristics of this condition are not well known among patients attending Otorhinolaryngology services in Tanzania.Materials and methods:This was a hospital based descriptive cross sectional study, conducted in the wards and clinics of Otorhinolaryngology department of Muhimbili National Hospital. Patients with symptoms of Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease were included in the study. Data was collected using questionnaires and clinical examination forms, were processed and analysed by using SPSS. Results presented in frequency tables, cross tabulations and figures.Results:This study recruited 256 participants among them males were 131(51.2%).The mean age was (41.38 ± 13.94) years. Prevalence of Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease was 18.4% without gender predilection. The commonest symptoms were globus sensation, hoarseness of voice and excessive urge to clear the throat with 95.7%, 88.1% and 83.0% respectively while the most observed signs were thick endolaryngeal mucus, Vocal cord oedema and partial ventricular obliteration with 90.9%, 88.6% and 72.7% respectively. Lying down less than two hours after meal and spices foods consumption were the leading risk factors. Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus type 2 were the most prevalent co morbid conditions associated with Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease.Conclusion:The prevalence of Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease is high among patients attending Otorhinolaryngology services at Muhimbili national hospital. All patients with Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease related symptoms should get thorough evaluation for early diagnosis and treatment.

简介：AbstractPurpose:Overcrowding in emergency department (ED) is a concerning global problem and has been identified as a national crisis in some countries. Several emergency sorting systems designed successfully in the world. Launched in 2004, a group of branches in South African triage scale (SATS) developed. The effectiveness of the case sorting system of SATS was evaluated to reduce the patient's length of stay (LOS) and mortality rate within the ED at Suez Canal University Hospital.Methods:The study was designed as an intervention study that included a systematic random sample of patients who presented to the ED in Suez Canal University Hospital. This study was implemented in three phases: pre-intervention phase, 115 patients were assessed by the traditional protocols; intervention phase, a structured training program was provided to the ED staff, including a workshop and lectures; and post-intervention phase, 230 patients were assessed by SATS. All the patients were retriaged 2 h later, calculating the LOS per patient and the mortality. Data was collected and entered using Microsoft Excel software. Collected data from the triage sheet were analyzed using the SPSS software program version 22.0.Results:The LOS in the ED was about 183.78 min before the intervention; while after the training program and the application of SATS, it was reduced to 51.39 min. About 15.7% of the patients died before the intervention; however, after the intervention the ratio decreased to 10.7% deaths.Conclusion:SATS is better at assessing patients without missing important data. Additionally, it resulted in a decrease in the LOS and reduction in the mortality rate compared to the traditional protocol.

简介：摘要中国拥有世界上数量最多的独立的疼痛临床科室、执业医师和患者，同时中国的疼痛学发展迅速，取得了丰硕成果。疼痛学科、疼痛科医师和疼痛科均迫切需要专业的英语名称和术语。虽然有些词汇用于疼痛学科，但因内涵外延有限、生僻或有歧义，均不能准确地表示疼痛学科和疼痛科医师的概念。2015年我们创造了英文词Painology，此次又创造了另一个英文单词Painologist来命名疼痛科医师，并用Department of Painology命名临床上的疼痛科。殷切期望国内外同仁认同和广泛应用这些新的英文专业名词，使之成为正式的、规范的英文术语。

简介：AbstractPurpose:To explore the epidemiological and clinical profile of patients admitted to the trauma and emergency department (TED) of a tertiary care hospital due to tropical cyclone Fani and highlight the challenges faced by the hospital in this natural disaster.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted in the TED in the affected zone. Data of all victims affected by the cyclone Fani on May 3, 2019 were obtained from disaster records and medical case sheets. All patients except death on admission were included. Clinical variables included anatomical sites and severity of injuries which was assessed by revised trauma score (RTS) and injury severity score (ISS). Trauma injury severity score (TRISS) was also calculated.Results:Of 75 patients, 74 were included and the other one was brought dead and thus excluded. The age, median ± interquartile range (IQ), was 41.0 (27.7-53.0) years. The male to female ratio was 2:1. Most of the wounded were transported by the police control room vans on day 1: first 10 h, 50.0%; 10-24 h, 20.3%. The median ± IQ range of RTS, ISS and TRISS were 20 (14-28), 7.84 (7.841-7.841), and 97.4 (91.6-98.9), respectively. Simple external injury was the dominant injury type. Polytrauma (ISS >15) was seen in 67% cases and spine injury in 14% cases (7% cervical and 7% thoracolumbar). Injury causes included sharp flying objects (broken pieces of glasses and asbestos) in 31% cases, followed by fall of trees in 20.3%. Twenty-four patients were discharged after primary treatment, 30 admitted to the indoor-trauma ward or intensive care unit and 20 deferred or transferred to another center. There was no in-house mortality. Challenges were related to electricity failure, mobile network breakdown, infrastructure collapse, and delay in expertise repair from outside due to airport/railway closure.Conclusion:In cyclonic storm like Fani, sharp flying objects, fall of trees/poles and collapsing walls constitute the common mode of injuries causing harm to more than one body regions. Polytrauma was seen in the majority of patients though external injury was the commonest. The affected hospital had the uphill task of treating hospitalized patients as well as disaster victims.

简介：<正>InstituteofOtolaryngologyofChinesePLA(KeyLaboratoryforthePreventionofAcousticTrauma,PLA)KeyLaboratoryofHearingImpairmentScience(ChinesePLAMedicalSchool)MinistryofEducationLedbyfourgenerationsofleadershipfromlateProf.JIANGSichang(academician,ChineseAcademyofEngineering),Prof.YANGWeiyan(HonoraryPresident,DivisionofOtolaryngology

简介：摘要The rapid evolution of the health emergency linked to the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 requires specifications for the rehabilitative management of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The symptomatic evolution of patients with COVID-19 is characterized by 2 phases: an acute phase in which respiratory symptoms prevail and a postacute phase in which patients can show symptoms related to prolonged immobilization, to previous and current respiratory dysfunctions, and to cognitive and emotional disorders. Thus, there is the need for specialized rehabilitative care for these patients. This communication reports the experience of the San Raffaele Hospital of Milan and recommends the setup of specialized clinical pathways for the rehabilitation of patients with COVID-19. In this hospital, between February 1 and March 2, 2020, about 50 patients were admitted every day with COVID-19 symptoms. In those days, about 400 acute care beds were created (intensive care/infectious diseases). In the following 30 days, from March 2 to mid-April, despite the presence of 60 daily arrivals to the emergency department, the organization of patient flow between different wards was modified, and several different units were created based on a more accurate integration of patients′ needs. According to this new organization, patients were admitted first to acute care COVID-19 units and then to COVID-19 rehabilitation units, post-COVID-19 rehabilitation units, and/or quarantine/observation units. After hospital discharge, telemedicine was used to follow-up with patients at home. Such clinical pathways should each involve dedicated multidisciplinary teams composed of pulmonologists, physiatrists, neurologists, cardiologists, physiotherapists, neuropsychologists, occupational therapists, speech therapists, and nutritionists.

简介：AbstractPurpose:Boarding is a common problem in the emergency department (ED) and is associated with poor health care and outcome. Imam Khomeini Hospital is the main healthcare center in Urmia, a metropolis in the northwest of Iran. Due to the overcrowding and high patient load, we aim to characterize the rate, cause and consequence of boarding in the ED of this center.Methods:All medical records of patients who presented to the ED of Imam Khomeini Hospital from August 1, 2017 to August 1, 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with uncompleted records were excluded. Boarding was defined as the inability to transfer the admitted ED patients to a downstream ward in ≥2 h after the admission order. Demographic data, boarding rate, mortality and triage levels (1-5) assessed by emergency severity index were collected and analyzed. The first present time of patients was classified into 4 ranges as 0:00-5:59, 6:00-11:59, 12:00-17:59 and 18:00-23:59. Descriptive, parametric and non-parametric statistical tests were performed and the risk of boarding was determined by Pearson Chi-square test.Results:Demographic data analysis showed that 941 (58.5%) male and 667 (41.5%) female, altogether 1608 patients were included in this study. Five patients (0.3%) died. The distribution of patients with the triage levels 1-5 was respectively 79 (4.9%), 1150 (71.5%), 374 (23.3%), 4 (0.2%) and 0 (0%). Most patients were of level 2. Only 75 (4.7%) patients required intensive care. The majority of patients (84.2%) were presented at weekdays. The maximum patient load was observed between 12:00-17:59. Of the 1608 patients, 340 (21.1%) experienced boarding within a mean admission time of 13.70 h. Among the 340-boarded patients, 20.1% belonged to surgery, 12.1% to orthopedics, 10.9% to neurosurgery and 10.3% to neurology. The boarding rate was higher in females, patients requiring intensive care and those with low triage levels. Compared with the non-boarded, the boarded patients had a higher mean age.Conclusion:The boarding rate is higher in the older and female patients. Moreover, boarding is dependent on the downstream ward sections: patients requiring surgical management experience the maximum boarding rate.

简介：LedbyfourgenerationsofleadershipfromlateProf.JIANGSichang(academician,ChineseAcademyofEngineering),Prof.YANGWeiyan(HonoraryPresident,DivisionofOtolaryngologyHeadandNeckSurgery,ChineseMedicalAssociation),Prof.HANDongyi(PresidentElected,DivisionofOtolaryngologyHeadandNeckSurgery,ChineseMedicalAssociation)tonowProf.YANGShiming(President,DivisionofOtolaryngologists,

简介：AbstractPurpose:The human-wildlife conflicts (HWCs) causing nuisances and injuries are becoming a growing public health concern over recent years worldwide. We aimed to study the demographic profile, mode of injury, pattern of injury, and outcome of wild animal attack victims presented to the emergency department.Methods:This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the emergency department of a tertiary-care hospital in Eastern India. Data were retrieved from the medical records from May 2017 to May 2021. Patients of all ages and genders attacked by wild animals and secondary injuries were included in this study. Patients with incomplete data, injuries due to the attack of stray and domestic animals and trauma due to other causes were excluded. Demographic profile, mode of injury, the pattern of injury, injury severity score (ISS), radiological pattern, and outcome were recorded. Statistical analysis with R (version 3.6.1.) was conducted.Results:A total of 411 wild animal attack victims were studied, of which 374 (90.9%) were snakebite injuries and 37 (9.1%) were wild mammalian (WM) attack injuries. The mean age of WM attack victims was 46 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 4:1. Elephant attack injury (40.5%) was the most common WM attack injury reported. Most WM attacks (43.2%) occurred between 4:00 a.m. to 8:00 a.m. The median ISS was 18.5 (13-28), where 54.2% of patients had polytrauma (ISS>15). Elephant attack was associated with a higher ISS, but the difference was not significant compared to other animal types (p= 0.2). Blunt trauma was common pattern of injury in the elephant attack injury cases. Lacerations and soft tissue injuries were common patterns in other animal attacks. Among snakebites, neurotoxic was the most common type (55.4%), and lower extremity was the most common site involved.Conclusion:The young male population is the major victim of HWCs; and elephant is the most common animal involved. There is a need to design scientifically sound preventive strategies for HWCs and to strengthen the preparedness in health establishments to manage victims effectively.

简介：印象中，几乎全世界最好的连锁酒店都有自己的SPA品牌，香格里拉酒店集团的香格里拉CHI水疗就是其中的佼佼者。如果你还没有享受过香格里拉CHI水疗，那么，当你在认识它之后，这里将会成为你的水疗体验中不可错过的一部分了。

简介：AbstractPurpose:The blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) is a common emergency and is significantly associated with morbidity and mortality. Our study was conducted to achieve the goal that a new scoring system could be used for the BAT patients.Methods:The statistical population of this study was 1000 patients with BAT referred to emergency department of Imam Hossein Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Sampling was carried out in a convenience non-random manner and continued to reach the required sample size. All the patients with BAT due to road traffic accidents, falls, and other direct blunt traumas such as punctures and kickbacks were included in the study. Exclusion criteria were after 3 months of pregnancy, under the age of 18, warfarin taking, no reliable medical history providing and penetrating trauma. The study questionnaire was based on BAT scoring system. The data were analyzed by SPSS V20 software. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the effectiveness of the new scoring system in predicting the BAT patients’ outcome.Results:The mean age of the patients (n = 1000) was (35.79 ± 13.09) years. The mean score of patients was (6.29 ± 5.80). Based on this scoring system, the patients were divided into three categories. The first group was patients at low risk with score of less than 8, the second group was patients at moderate risk with score of 8-12 and the third group was patients at high risk with score of 12-24. The score of 661 (66.1%) patients were low, 109 (10.9%) were moderate and 230 (23%) had a high score. The association between hip fracture and abdominal tenderness with abdominal injury was significant (p < 0.001). Cronbach's alpha was 0.76 showing the reliability of this questionnaire to predict the future of patients.Conclusions:The study tool has a sensitivity to predict the BAT patients’ outcome, and has a proper specificity that can be used to reduce the use of harmful modalities such as computed tomography scan.

简介：摘要目的探究微小RNA(miR)-103a-3p/壳多糖酶3样蛋白1(CHI3L1)在卵巢癌细胞增殖和血管拟生中的作用机制及对转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)通路的影响。方法通过生物信息学分析miR-103a-3p的表达水平与卵巢癌患者总生存率间的关系。将人卵巢腺癌细胞株SKOV3细胞分为4组：对照组、miR-103a-3p mimic组、miR-103a-3p mimic＋CHI3L1组和CHI3L1组。采用定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)和Western blotting分别检测miR-103a-3p、CHI3L1 mRNA和CHI3L1蛋白的表达水平。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测细胞培养液中YKL-40的表达水平。采用CCK-8法、克隆形成实验和血管生成实验检测4组细胞活力、增殖能力和血管生成能力。通过双荧光素酶报告验证miR-130a-3p靶向CHI3L1。结果miR-103a-3p高表达组卵巢癌患者总体生存率高于miR-103a-3p低表达组(χ2＝6.187，P＝0.048)。对照组、miR-103a-3p mimic组、miR-103a-3p mimic＋CHI3L1组和CHI3L1组4组之间miR-103a-3p和CHI3L1 mRNA的水平差异均具有统计学意义(F＝198.254，P<0.001；F＝60.214，P<0.001)，miR-103a-3p mimic组和miR-103a-3p mimic＋CHI3L1组的miR-103a-3p水平高于对照组(均P<0.001)，CHI3L1组的CHI3L1 mRNA水平显著高于对照组(P<0.001)。4组CHI3L1蛋白的表达水平分别为2.25±0.23、1.19±0.12、2.29±0.28、4.31±0.37，差异具有统计学意义(F＝18.675，P<0.001)。4组细胞培养液中YKL-40的表达水平分别为(1.84±0.20)ng/ml、(0.95±0.08)ng/ml、(2.64±0.25)ng/ml、(6.27±0.79)ng/ml，差异具有统计学意义(F＝35.297，P<0.001)，CHI3L1组的YKL-40水平显著高于对照组(P<0.001)，miR-103a-3p mimic组的YKL-40水平低于对照组(P<0.001)，miR-103a-3p mimic＋CHI3L1组的YKL-40水平高于miR-103a-3p mimic组(P<0.001)。4组的细胞活力分别为100%±2.54%、76.23%±2.13%、104.89%±3.56%、137.42%±2.80%，差异具有统计学意义(F＝23.584，P<0.001)，miR-103a-3p mimic组的细胞活力显著低于对照组(P<0.001)，CHI3L1组显著高于对照组(P<0.001)，miR-103a-3p mimic＋CHI3L1组显著高于miR-103a-3p mimic组(P<0.001)。4组细胞的克隆形成数分别为(76.85±4.67)个、(21.56±2.85)个、(72.06±5.07)个、(169.63±9.21)个，差异具有统计学意义(F＝31.541，P<0.001)，miR-103a-3p mimic组细胞的增殖能力显著低于对照组(P<0.001)，CHI3L1组显著高于对照组(P<0.001)，miR-103a-3p mimic＋CHI3L1组显著高于miR-103a-3p mimic组(P<0.001)。4组细胞的相对管长度和管分支差异均具有统计学意义(F＝24.254，P<0.001; F＝27.564, P<0.001)。4组细胞的TGF-β和Smad水平比较差异均具有统计学意义(F＝30.254，P<0.001；F＝34.187，P<0.001)。双荧光素酶实验结果显示，与转染NC组相比较，共转染miR-103a-3p与CHI3L1-wt后细胞中荧光素酶活性显著降低。分别使用NC和miR-103a-3p与CHI3L1-mut共转染后细胞中荧光素酶活性变化不大。结论miR-103a-3p通过直接靶向抑制CHI3L1的表达，从而抑制卵巢癌SKOV3细胞的增殖和血管生成能力，抑制卵巢癌淋巴转移和远端转移，这可能与TGF-β通路有关。

简介：【摘要】目的：探讨PDCA循环在放射科院感质控中的应用。方法：使用PDCA循环法管理工具，对放射科院感质控工作进行持续改进，并对结果进行分析。结果：PDCA循环法在放射科院感质控工作的开展与改进中效果明显。结论：通过使用PDCA循环法管理工具，放射科的医院感染质量与控制工作明显改善，充分体现出其在放射科院感质控中的应用价值。

简介：摘要探讨合并2型糖尿病（T2DM）的下肢动脉硬化闭塞症（LASO）患者血清壳多糖酶3样蛋白1（CHI3L1）、热休克蛋白60（HSP60）与血管介入术后再狭窄的关系。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测113例T2DM合并LASO患者血清CHI3L1、HSP60水平，研究发现高水平CHI3L1、高水平HSP60均是血管介入术后再狭窄的相关因素之一（P<0.05）。T2DM合并LASO患者血清CHI3L1、HSP60升高与血管介入术后发生再狭窄有关，二者能够作为预测术后再狭窄的实验室指标。

简介：【摘要】目的：探索封闭式应急管理模式在急诊新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情爆发期间的应用，为此后更好地应对突发公共卫生事件提供科学决策依据。方法：选择2019年11月-12月在急诊按常规工作模式就诊的4221例患者作为对照组，将2020年2月-3月新冠疫情期间前往急诊就诊的患者3252例作为试验组，开展封闭式应急管理模式，其主要措施包括组建急诊抗新冠肺炎疫情应急管理队伍、工作流程及规章制度的修订、隔离诊治传染源、完善疫情信息监测，加快疑似病例诊断、加强医护人员个人防护管理和院内感染防控和对高危人群开展追踪随访等，探究封闭式应急管理模式在急诊的运用效果。结果：疫情期间急诊开展封闭式应急管理模式取得了较好的成果，与对照组相比，前来就诊患者的预检时间、急诊停留时间、转诊时间、补液量都较过去减少；急诊患者满意度量表各维度接待和咨询、答疑解惑、服务态度、护士技术、保护隐私、环境及次序、等候时间、护士巡视和用药指导得分均显著高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：创立高效、有序的封闭式应急管理模式为急诊应对突发公共卫生事件的医疗、护理和防护事宜提供了保障，同时也提高了急诊管理者的组织协调和应急处理能力。

简介：摘要目的探讨辽宁地区汉族人群中几丁质酶-3样蛋白-1(chitinase 3-like 1, CHI3L1)基因rs4950928以及血小板膜糖蛋白Ⅵ(GPⅥ)基因rs1671153和rs1654419多态性与大动脉粥样硬化性卒中(large artery atherosclerotic stroke, LAA)的相关性。方法采用病例对照研究方法，病例组选取自2017年1月至2017年6月在中国医科大学附属盛京医院神经内科连续就诊的LAA患者，对照组选取自盛京医院体检中心同期年龄和性别相匹配的健康体检者。采用聚合酶链反应进行目的基因片段扩增，然后采用改良多重连接酶反应技术对rs4950928以及rs1671153和rs1654419进行基因分型。采用多变量logistic回归模型分析基因多态性与LAA发病的相关性。结果共纳入214例LAA患者和198例健康对照者。病例组CHI3L1基因rs4950928以及GPⅥ基因rs1671153和rs1654419基因型和等位基因分布频率与对照组差异均无统计学意义，显性模型和隐性模型分析差异亦无统计学意义。结论CHI3L1基因rs4950928以及GPⅥ基因rs1671153和rs1654419多态性与辽宁地区汉族人群LAA易感性无显著相关性，各等位基因的存在均无法构成LAA发病的危险因素。