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简介：目的：探讨穴区细胞外基质在针刺信号转导中的作用机制。方法：SD大鼠40只，雌雄各半，随机分为4组，每组10只，以大鼠热辐射甩尾实验的温度变化为观察指标。实验组大鼠“后三里”区注射人工合成的五肽甘氨酰-精氨酰-甘氨酰-天冬酰-酪氨酸（Gly—Arg-Gly-Asp-Tyr,GRGDY）30min后再针刺，以大鼠基础痛阈组、“后三里”区注射0．9％NaCl组及针刺后三里组为对照。结果：GRGDY注射后30min再针刺，大鼠甩尾的温度与针刺组相比未见明显改变。结论：GRGDY未能阻断针刺效应，针刺效应的初始机制可能与细胞外基质与整合素特异性的结合位点RGD无关。

简介：Objective:ToprovideanoverviewoftheincidenceandmortalityoffemalebreastcancerforcountriesintheAsia-Pacificregion.Methods:Statisticalinformationaboutbreastcancerwasobtainedfrompubliclyavailablecancerregistryandmortalitydatabases(suchasGLOBOCAN),andsupplementedwithdatarequestedfromindividualcancerregistries.Ratesweredirectlyage-standardisedtotheSegiWorldStandardpopulationandtrendswereanalysedusingjoinpointmodels.Results:Breastcancerwasthemostcommontypeofcanceramongfemalesintheregion,accountingfor18%ofallcasesin2012,andwasthefourthmostcommoncauseofcancer-relateddeaths(9%).AlthoughincidenceratesremainmuchhigherinNewZealandandAustralia,rapidrisesinrecentyearswereobservedinseveralAsiancountries.Largeincreasesinbreastcancermortalityratesalsooccurredinmanyareas,particularlyMalaysiaandThailand,incontrasttostabilisingtrendsinHongKongandSingapore,whiledecreaseshavebeenrecordedinAustraliaandNewZealand.Mortalitytrendstendedtobemorefavourableforwomenagedunder50comparedtothosewhowere50yearsorolder.Conclusion:ItisanticipatedthatincidenceratesofbreastcancerindevelopingcountriesthroughouttheAsia-Pacificregionwillcontinuetoincrease.Earlydetectionandaccesstooptimaltreatmentarethekeystoreducingbreastcancerrelatedmortality,butculturalandeconomicobstaclespersist.Consequently,thechallengeistocustomisebreastcancercontrolinitiativestotheparticularneedsofeachcountrytoensurethebestpossibleoutcomes.

简介：TotesttheantigenicactivityofMprotein(Mcprotein)intheinnermembraneofSARS-CoV,SARS-CoVMcprotein'sbaseslocatinginsidethemembranewerecloned,theHis-fusionproteinwasexpressedinE.coliandanalyzedforitsantigenicactivity.Amongthose7clinicallydiagnosedpatients'sera,therewere5positiveand2negativeinreactionwithHis-fusionprotein.Allofthe20healthypersons'seraandrabbitanti-OC43and229EwereofnegativereactionwithHis-fusionprotein.TheanimalsimmunizedwithHis-fusionproteinhaveproducedmulti-clonalantibody.TheHis-fusionproteincouldspeciallyreactwithclinicallydiagnosedSARSpatients'seraandtheanimalsimmunizedwithHis-fusionproteincouldproducespecificallymulti-clonalantibody,butitcouldnotreactwiththeseraofhealthypersonsandtherabbitanti-OC43and229E.

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简介：ＴＨＥＨＥＭＯＲＨＥＯＬＯＧＹＣＨＡＮＧＥＩＮＩＳＣＨＥＭＩＣＲＥＧＩＯＮＢＹＣＯＲＯＮＡＲＹＳＴＥＮＯＳＩＳＡＦＴＥＲＬＡＳＥＲＩＲＲＡＤＩＡＴＩＯＮＯＮＢＬＯＯＤＴＨＥＨＥＭＯＲＨＥＯＬＯＧＹＣＨＡＮＧＥＩＮＩＳＣＨＥＭＩＣＲＥＧＩＯＮＢＹＣＯＲ...

简介：BACKGROUND:Previousstudiesreportedthatfrontal-temporal-parietal-occipitalpathologicalchangesanddiseasedrangeintherightcerbralhemispherewerecorrelatedwithneglect.Butstudiesonthecorrelationofneglectwithdiseasedregionandareainpatientswhosufferfrominitialattackofsinglefocusofcerebralinfarction(CI)inleftandrightcerebralhemispheresarefew.OBJECTIVE:ToobservethestatusofneglectinpatientswhosufferfromsinglefocusofCIincerebralhemisphereandanalyzethecorrelationofneglectwithdiseasedregionandareaofCI.DESIGN:CaseanalysisSETTING:TreatmentCenterforCardiocerebrovascularDisease,SecondHospitalofXiamencity;DepartmentofNeurology,FirstHospitalAffiliatedtoBaotouMedicalCollege.PARTICIPANTS:AlltheCIpatientshospitalizedintheDepartmentofNeurology.FirstHospitalAffiliatedtoBaotouMedicalCollegefromJune1998toMay2001wereretrieved.Inclusivecriteria:①PatientswhosufferedfrominitialattackofCI.whichwasconfirmedbyskullCTorMRIwithin24hoursafteronsetandpresentedsinglefocusincerebralhemisphere.②beconsciousandcouldcooperateintheexamination.③didnotreceiveformaleducation,butcoulddoaccountsandsomesimplewritingandreading.④Patientswithhomonymoushemianopiawereexcludedthroughtheexaminationofperimeter.⑤Informedconsentswereobtainedfromallthepatients.Among67patientswhomettheinclusivecriteria.33sufferedfromCIintheleftcerebralhemisphereand34intherightcerebralhemisphere.METHODS:①PatientsreceivedneglectsupplementexaminationandChineseaphasiaexaminationwithin2.5to3monthsaftertheattackofCI.Thediagnosticcriteriaofneglectinthetestsoflinecancellation.1inebisectionandcopyingthefigureswereasfollows:InthelinecancellationtestbasedonthemethodofAlbert.patientswhocouldnotcanceloneormorelineswereregardedasabnormal.InthelinebisectiontestbasedonthemethodofPeter.patientswholeftdeviated1.16%

简介：AbstractBackground:Functional dyspepsia (FD) has rarely been investigated in areas with a high prevalence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study aims to reveal the epidemiological and clinical features of FD and organic dyspepsia (OD) in such a population.Methods:A middle-aged and elderly population-based study was conducted in a region with a high incidence of ESCC. All participants completed the Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire and Functional Gastrointestinal Disease Rome III Diagnostic Questionnaire, and they underwent gastroscopy. After exclusion of gastroesophageal reflux disease, uninvestigated dyspepsia (UID) was divided into OD and FD for further analyses.Results:A total of 2916 participants were enrolled from July 2013 to March 2014 in China. We detected 166 UID cases with questionnaires, in which 17 patients with OD and 149 with FD were diagnosed via gastroscopy. OD cases presented as reflux esophagitis (RE), ESCC, and duodenal ulcer. Heartburn (52.94%) and reflux (29.41%) were common in OD, but no symptomatic differences were found between FD and OD. Male sex, low education level, and liquid food were the risk factors for OD, while frequent fresh vegetable consumption was a protective factor. FD included 56 (37.58%) cases of postprandial distress syndrome (PDS), 52 (34.89%) of epigastric pain syndrome (EPS), nine (6.04%) of PDS + EPS, and 32 (21.48%) of FD + functional esophageal disorders. The Helicobacter pylori infection rate in FD patients was not higher than that in the control group (34.23% vs. 42.26%, P = 0.240). Frequent spicy food consumption was associated with PDS (odds ratio [OR]: 2.088, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.028-4.243), while consumption of deep well water was protective for PDS (OR: 0.431, 95% CI: 0.251-0.741).Conclusions:The prevalence of FD was 5.11% in the studied population. Gastroscopy should be prescribed for dyspepsia patients in case that ESCC and RE would be missed in UID cases diagnosed solely by the Rome III questionnaire.Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01688908; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT01688908.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethemutationsofthe5'noncodingregionofBCL-6geneinChinesepatientswithprimarygastriclymphomas.METHODS:PCRanddirectDNAsequencingwereusedtoidentifyBCL-6genemutationsinthe5'noncodingregionin29casesofgastricdiffuselargeB-celllymphoma(DLBCL)and18casesofgastricmucosa-associatedlymphoidtissue(MALT)lymphomaaswellas10casesofreactivehyperplasiaoflymphnode(LRH).RESULTS:Sixof29gastricDLBCLs(20.7%),4of18gastricMALTlymphomas(22.2%)and1of10LRHs(10%)werefoundtohavemutations.Allmutationsweresingle-basesubstitutionsandthefrequencyofsingle-basechangeswas0.20x10-2-1.02x10-2perbp.CONCLUSION:Pointmutationsinthe5'noncodingregionofBCL-6genearefoundinChinesepatientswithprimarygastricDLBCLsandMALTlymphomas,suggestingthattheymay,insomeextent,participateinthepathogenesisofprimarygastricDLBCLsandMALTlymphomas.

简介：Thehippocampalregionofthebrainisimportantforencodingenvironmentinputsandmemoryformation.However,theunderlyingmechanismsareunclear.ToinvestigatethebehaviorofindividualneuronsinresponsetosomatosensoryinputsinthehippocampalCA1region,werecordedandanalyzedchangesinlocalfieldpotentialsandthefiringratesofindividualpyramidalcellsandinterneuronsduringtailclampinginurethane-anesthetizedrats.Wealsoexploredthemechanismsunderlyingtheneuronalresponses.Somatosensorystimulation,intheformoftailclamping,changedlocalfieldpotentialsintothetarhythm-dominatedwaveforms,decreasedthespikefiringofpyramidalcells,andincreasedinterneuronfiring.Inaddition,somatosensorystimulationattenuatedorthodromic-evokedpopulationspikes.TheseresultssuggestthatsomatosensorystimulationsuppressestheexcitabilityofpyramidalcellsinthehippocampalCA1region.Increasedinhibitionbylocalinterneuronsmightunderliethiseffect.Thesefindingsprovideinsightintothemechanismsofsignalprocessinginthehippocampusandsuggestthatsensorystimulationmighthavetherapeuticpotentialforbraindisordersassociatedwithneuronalhyperexcitability.

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简介：AbstractThis study aims to investigate cases of human plague in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR), China, and to inform the development of plague prevention and control strategies. On 12th of November 2019, two herdsmen from Sunitezuo Banner, Xilingol League were diagnosed with pneumonic plague in Beijing, China. On November 16th, one resident of Xianghuang Banner, Xilingol League was diagnosed with bubonic plague in Huade County Hospital, Ulanqab, China. On 27th of November, one resident of Siziwang Banner was diagnosed with bubonic plague. In total, 78 close contacts were monitored over a period, but none of them developed symptoms. Plague outbreaks in animals had been reported in Sunitezuo Banner, Xianghuang Banner, and Siziwang Banner in 2019. Two of the four cases were related (husband and wife), but not the other two. All the cases may be associated with contact with rodents (hare) or infected fleas. The cases highlight the importance of early identification of plague cases in humans in order to stop further infection. This demonstrates the value of monitoring and ongoing vigilance on endemic diseases, the importance of updating medical training and raising public awareness about infectious diseases that even have not been observed over decades.

简介：瞄准：与精子缺乏因素区域c(AZFc)在台湾决定不肥沃的人的删除连接删除并且评估遗传型/显型关联。方法：从460个不肥沃的人的GenomicDNA被检验。细菌的人工的染色体克隆被用来验证聚合酶链反应的精确性。AZFc区域的删除连接被标注顺序的地点和基因特定的标记的分析决定。结果：包括BPY2，CDY1和DAZ基因，完全的AZFc删除在24个人被识别。近似断点在sY1197和sY1192之间被聚类，并且远侧的断点在sY1054和sY1125之间被聚类在几乎24个人之一。有完全的AZFc删除的人的阴囊的显型从oligozoospermia变化了，到低亚硫酸钠精子发生，到成熟停止。结论：我们在台湾人口与AZFc的一致删除连接识别了一组不肥沃的人。尽管有在AZFc区域的这个同类的基因缺点，没有清楚的遗传型/显型关联能被表明。

简介：AbstractBackground:The incidence of brucellosis, which is caused by the Brucella species of bacteria, is rapidly rising worldwide; however, few studies have investigated the immune response to this pathogen and clinical biochemical features. In this paper, we examined the levels of various cytokines and inflammatory factors as well as clinical course characteristics in patients with brucellosis, in order to provide evidence for the diagnosis, assessment, and prognosis of this infectious disease.Methods:A total of 191 brucellosis inpatients (50 acute cases and 141 chronic cases), as well as 60 healthy control subjects, were included in the analysis. We investigated changes in the levels of six cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, INF-γ) and related clinical biochemical markers in patients with acute and chronic brucellosis in Xinjiang, China. Possible factors were statistically analyzed using the t test, χ2 test, z test and a multivariate logistic stepwise regression test.Results:We found that IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IFN-γ, and TNF-α levels were higher in those with brucellosis than in controls (P < 0.05). With regard to disease progression, procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were significantly higher in those with an acute infection compared to chronic cases (P < 0.05). We found that the expression of all six cytokines tested was closely related to the degree of brucellosis using univariate logistic regression; however, only IL-6 and INF-γ levels were independent factors associated with the severity of brucellosis.Conclusions:Assessing cytokine levels in patients with acute and chronic brucellosis is not only useful for detecting the immune response, but can also be indicative of the severity of brucellosis. In particular, we propose IL-6 and INF-γ levels may be useful independent predictive factors in the clinical evaluation and diagnosis of brucellosis.

简介：AIM:Toconstructanon-resistantandattenuatedSalmonellatyphimurium(S.typhimurium)strainwhichexpressesconservativeregionofadhesionABofHelicobacterpylori(Hpylon)andevaluateitsimmunogenicity.METHODS:TheABgeneamplifiedbyPCRwasinsertedintotheexpressionvectorpYA248containingasdgeneandthroughtwotransformationsintroducedintothedeltaCya1deltaCrp1deltaAsdattenuatedSalmonellatyphimuriumstrain,constructingbalancedlethalattenuatedSalmonellatyphimuriumstrainsX4072(pYA248-AB).BridgedELISAmethodwasusedtomeasuretheexpressionofABantigeninsonicateandculturesupematant.AccordingtothemethoddescribedbyMeacock,stabilityoftherecombinantwasevaluated.Semi-lethalcapacitytestwasusedtoevaluatethesafetyofrecombinant.Theimmunogenicityofrecombinantwasevaluatedwithanimalexperiments.RESULTS:TheattenuatedS.typhimuriumX4072(pYA248-AB)whichexpressesABwassuccessfullyconstructed.Furthermore,bridgedELISAassayshowedthatthecontentofABinrecombinantX4072(pYA248-AB)culturesupematantwashigherthanthatwasinthalluslyticliquor.AndafterrecombinantX4072(pYA248-AB)wasculturedfor100generationswithoutselectionpressure,bheentirerecombinantbacteriaselectedrandomlycouldgrow,andtheABantigenwasdefectedpositivebyELISA.ThegrowthcurveoftherecombinantbacteriashowedthatthegrowthstatesofX4072(pYA248)andX4072(pYA248-AB)werebasicallyconsistent.ThesurvivalrateofC57BL/6wasstill100%,at30daftermicetakingX4072(pYA248-AB)1.0×l0^10cfuorally.OralimmunizationofmicewithX4072(pYA248-AB)inducedaspecificimmuneresponse.CONCLUSION:Invitrorecombinantplasmidappearstobestableandexperimentsonanimalsshowedthattherecombinantstrainsweresafeandimmunogenicinvitro,whichprovidinganewliveoralvaccinecandidateforprotectionandcareofHpyloriinfection.

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简介：BACKGROUND:Matrixmetalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)expressionincreaseswithintracerebralhemorrhage,andparticipatesinthepathophysiologicalprocessesofsecondarybraininjuryafterintracerebralhemorrhage.OBJECTIVE:ToinvestigatetheeffectsofmildhypothermiaonMMP-9expressionandbrainedemaintheperihematomalregionofexperimentalintracerebralhemorrhagerats.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:Therandomized,controlledexperimentwasperformedattheCentralLaboratoryofShandongProvincialHospitalbetweenMayandSeptember2007.MATERIALS:Seventy-two,Wistar,malerats,12-weeksold,wereusedforthisstudy.Rabbitanti-MMP-9primaryantibodywaspurchasedfromBoster,China.METHODS:Wistarratswereequallyandrandomlydividedintonormothermiaandmildhypothermiagroups.Thetwogroupseachcomprisedcontrol,6-hourintracerebralhemorrhage,24-hourintracerebralhemorrhage,48-hourintracerebralhemorrhage,72-hourintracerebralhemorrhage,and1-weekintracerebralhemorrhagesubgroups,withsixratsineachsubgroup.Ratmodelsofintracerebralhemorrhagewereestablishedbyinjecting100μLofautologousbloodintotheratcaudatenucleus.Ratsinthemildhypothermiagroupreceivedfourhoursoflocalmildhypothermiaimmediatelyfollowingtheinjection.Intracerebraltemperaturewasmaintainedat(33±0.5)℃.Subsequently,intracerebraltemperaturewasspontaneouslyrecoveredat25℃.Ratsinthecontrolsubgroupwerenotinjectedwithautologousbloodandreceivedonlywithintracerebralhemorrhage.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:BrainwatercontentandMMP-9expressionsurroundingthehematomaregion.RESULTS:MMP-9expressionincreasedat6hours,andbrainedemareachedapeakat48hoursafterintracerebralhemorrhage.MMP-9expressionwassignificantlydecreasedinthemildhypothermiagroupcomparedwiththenormothermiagroupateachtimepoint(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:MildhypothermiacansignificantlyinhibitMMP-9overexpressionandrelievebrainedemafollowingintracerebralhemo

简介：BACKGROUND:Previousstudieshaveshownthatthemitochondrialstructureandfunctionaredamagedinanimalmodelsofepilepsy.Inaddition,theBcl-2proteiniscapableofregulatingmitochondrialstability.OBJECTIVE:ToobserveandvalidatechangesinmitochondrialstructureandBcl-2expression,andtoanalyzethesecharacteristicsinthehippocampalCA3regionofratmodelsofepilepsy.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:Thisrandomized,controlled,animalexperimentwasperformedattheLaboratoryofElectronMicroscopyandDepartmentofHistologyandEmbryology,LuzhouMedicalCollegebetween2007and2008.MATERIALS:CoriamyrtinwasprovidedbythePharmacyFactoryofWestChinaUniversityofMedicalSciences.TheprimaryandsecondaryantibodieswereprovidedbyZhongshanGoldenbridgeBiotechnology,Beijing.METHODS:Atotalof44adult,male,SpragueDawleyratswererandomlydividedintocontrol(n=11)andepilepsy(n=33)groups.Ratsintheepilepsygroupwereinducedbycoriamyrtin(50μg/kg),whichwasinjectedintothelateralventricles.Theratswerethenobservedat3,6,and24hoursafterepilepsyinduction,with11ratsateachtimepoint.Epilepsywasnotinducedinratsfromthecontrolgroup.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:PathologicalchangesinthehippocampalCA3regionwereobservedbylightmicroscopy;Bcl-2expressionwasanalyzedbyimmunohistochemistry;andmitochondrialchangesinthehippocampuswereobservedundertransmissionelectronmicroscopy.RESULTS:(1)ThecontrolgroupdisplayedverylittleBcl-2proteinexpressioninthehippocampalCA3region.However,after3hoursofepilepsy,expressionwasvisible.By6hours,expressionpeakedandthensubsequentlydecreasedafter24hours,butremainedhigherthanthecontrolgroup(P<0.05).(2)Mitochondriaweredamagedtovaryingdegreesintheepilepsygroups.Forexample,mitochondriaedema,cristaespaceincrease,anddisappearanceofmitochondriawereapparent.Moreover,mitochondrialdamageoccurredpriortopathologicalchangesintheneuronsandnucleolus.CONCLUSION:

简介：BACKGROUND:Animalexperimentshaveconfirmedthatbonemarrowstromalcell(BMSC)transplantationcanserveasatreatmentforepilepsy.OBJECTIVE:BMSCsderivedfromgreenfluorescentprotein(GFP)miceweretransplantedintothehippocampalCA1regionofepilepticrats.Theaimofthestudywastorecordelectroencephalogram(EEG),analyzesurvivalandmigrationofBMSCs,andvalidatetheeffectofBMSCtransplantationforthetreatmentofepilepsy.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:ArandomizedblockdesignexperimentwasperformedattheInstituteofNeuroscience,KunmingMedicalCollegefromMarch2005toFebruary2006.MATERIALS:HomozygousC57BL/6CrSlcTgN(acr-EGFP)OsbC14-Y01-FM131mice,8-12weeksofage,wereselectedforpreparationofcellsuspension.SpragueDawleyratswereselectedforestablishingepilepsymodels.METHODS:Ratswererandomlydividedinto4groups:control(n=8),model(n=8),normalsaline(n=24),andBMSC(n=24).Inthemodel,normalsaline,andBMSCgroups,epilepsywasestablishedwithpenicillin(3×107U/kgi.p.×7days).RatsintheBMSCgroupreceivedaBMSCsuspensionderivedfromgreenfluorescentproteinmiceintotherighthippocampalCA1region.RatsinthevehiclecontrolgroupwereinjectedwiththesamevolumeofnormalsalineintothehippocampalCA1region.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:Theelectroencephalogramwasusedtomonitorbrainactivity.SurvivalandmigrationofthetransplantedBMSCswasobservedusingfluorescencemicroscopyat1,2,and4weeksaftertransplantation.RESULTS:InBMSCgroup,fluorescentcellswereobservedatthetransplantationsiteandintheadjacenttissue,aswellasinthetissuesurroundingtheneedletract,indicatingthemigrationofimplantedcells.Fluorescentcellswerenotdetectedinthevehiclecontrolgroup.Theelectroencephalogramofthecontrolanimalsexhibited7-9Hzαwaves,withawaveamplitude<50μV.Inthemodelandvehiclecontrolgroups,randomspike-and-wavedischargesofthesharpspike-sharplowwavetyp