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简介：ElevenspeciesofalieninvasiveforestinsectpestshavebeenfoundsincetheearlytimethatinsectspecieshadbeentakenrecordedinChina.Theirorigins,inlanddistribution,invasivetime,hosts,causingdamagearerecordedinthispaperfortheevidenceofbiologicalinvasion.Theircontrolmethodsarealsostudiedordiscussed.

简介：AseminiisaNorthernHemispherecerambycidtribe,andanimportantforestpest,mainlycausingdamagetoconiferousplants.Moreimportant,asonekindofquarantineinsects,Aseminicanbringaboutmanytroublesintimbertrade,therefore,thealienspeciesshouldbepaidmoreattentionsandneedtobequarantinedinordertopreventthemtobeintroducedtoChina.InChina,thereare4genus26speciesofAsemini.HostplantsofAseminiinclude15genus36speciesof7families,andthemainhostplantsareinPinus,accountingfor30.56%ofthetotal.Afaunaanalysisindicatedthat15speciesofAseminidistributedinthePalarearticRealm,accountingfor57.69%ofthetotal.ThespeciespredominatedinChina,probablybecausegymnospermswerethemainvegetabletypeinthisregion.ThispaperlistsalltheknownspeciesandgeneraofAseminiandtheirhostplantsinChina,anddiscussestheirdistribution.Theaimistoarousetheconcernsoftheseinsectsandprovideareferencefortherelevantwork.

简介：植物侵略可以改变碳(C)和氮(N)周期，而是方向，如此的改变的大小很少被确定了，这长被认出了。在这研究，我们确定了效果由有害异国情调的植物的侵略引起了，Kalanchoedaigremontiana(Crassulaceae)，在在在委内瑞拉的一个半干旱的地区的土壤的C和N矿化作用和酶、微生物引起的活动上。我们比较了与这些进程(脱氢酶，-glucosidase,glucosaminidase，和urease的C和N矿化作用时间和累积的值，荧光黄diacetatehydrolytic活动，和活动)在之间联系的土壤参数入侵并且邻近的非入侵的地点。另外，在这些参数之中的关联和物理化学药品的性质也是的土壤检验了决定积极反馈是否在滋养的可获得性和K之间存在。daigremontiana侵略。总的来说，我们的结果证明到NH4+的有机化合物的那个C矿化作用和转变在K开拓殖民地于的地点被赞成。daigremontiana。与这种，我们发现了NH4+-N和C和最低矿化作用时间的最高累积的数量。这些结果能被urease和glucosaminidase的更高的活动在K的影响下面在土壤解释。daigremontiana。另外，有机物和潮湿的更高的数量在入侵的土壤力量帮助C和N矿化作用满足。在结论，由K的新热带区的半干旱的地区的侵略。daigremontiana可以影响这种盖住的土壤的化学、生物的性质，增加滋养的bioavailability，及时，它能便于侵略过程。

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简介：Background:Prosopisspecieshavebeenintroducedtomanyareasoutsidetheirnativerangetoprovidebenefitstolocalcommunities.SeveralProsopisspeciesandtheirhybrids(hereafter"mesquite")have,however,becomenaturalisedandinvasiveandnowgeneratesubstantialcosts.Managementoptionsarelimitedbecauseofthecomplexconflictsofinterestregardingbenefitsandcosts.Managementpoliciesandstrategiesmusttakeaccountofsuchconflicts,butfurtherinsightsareneededonthedimensionsofusesandimpactsbeforesuchinformationcanbeusefullyapplied.CurrentpolicyinSouthAfricaallowsforthegrowthanduseofmesquiteinoneprovince,butnotinotherswhereitscontrolismandatory.Wereportonastudytoquantifythedirectuseandperceptionsofnon-timberforestproducts(NTFPs)frommesquiteandnativetreesinSouthAfrica.Methods:Semi-structureshouseholdinterviewswereconductedwithvariousstakeholdergroupstoidentifywhattreeproductsareused,toascertainamountsusedaswellastogaugeperceptionsofnaturalresourceusebetweendifferenttreespeciesanduseovertime.Results:Thedirecthouseholdusevalueofnativetreeswashigherthanthatofmesquite,andlocalstakeholdersattachedgreatervaluetoproductsfromnativetreesthanfrommesquite.Therefore,nativetreesareandwillstillbepreferentiallyharvested,andmesquiteisunlikelytoofferprotectiontonativespeciesbyprovidinganalternativesourceofproducts.Mesquitepodsdo,however,providevaluableadditionalresources(fodderandmedicinalproducts).Theuseofbothnativetreesandmesquiteisdecreasingastheincomesofpoorerhouseholdsriseandasalternativeenergysourcesbecomeavailable.Thebenefitsandrelianceonmesquitearenotashighaspreviouslyassumedandtheimpactsfrommesquiteinvasionscreatelargeproblemsforlocalcommunities.Conclusion:Thisstudyprovidesfurtherevidencethattheimpactsofmesquiteexceedthebenefits,lendingsupportforapolicytoreducenegat