简介:0 前言 齿轮是机械设备中广泛应用的一种传动方式,是用于传递机械动力、改变转速和旋转方向的重要零件。某公司年产回转窑、管磨机及烘干机200多台套,每台设备都需要大小型号的齿轮进行装配。国家标准规定对于小齿轮齿顶圆硬度应比大齿轮齿顶圆硬度高20HB以上[1],在生产加工过程中,难以保证小齿轮齿顶圆硬度和齿面硬度匹配。同时,大模数小齿轮存在使用寿命短,易磨损、粗糙度差和齿面剥落等质量问题,这些都给公司齿轮加工带来了巨大的压力。 1 齿轮加工现状 齿轮是机械设备传动的核心部件,加工质量的优劣对机械设备的稳定性和可靠性有巨大影响,因此不同的齿轮加工方式对加工设备、加工成本和精度都有较大的影响。常见的齿轮加工方式主要有以下几种:铣齿、滚齿、插齿、剃齿、珩齿、磨齿、电火花切割齿轮和粉末冶金烧结齿轮等。对于大模数齿轮小齿轮的加工一般只适用铣齿、滚齿和电火花线切割生产加工。其中,电火花线切割加工齿轮特别慢,单个小齿轮的加工时间需要一个月以上,不适合用于加工回转窑、烘干机和管磨机的齿轮。 针对这种情况,生产该齿轮的方法可以选择铣齿或者滚齿,两种加工方式如表1所示。
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