简介:Thebilevelprogrammingisappliedtosolvehierarchicalintelligencecontrolproblemsinsuchfieldsasindustry,agriculture,transportation,military,andsoon.Thispaperpresentsaquadraticobjectivepenaltyfunctionwithtwopenaltyparametersforinequalityconstrainedbilevelprogramming.Undersomeconditions,theoptimalsolutiontothebilevelprogrammingdefinedbythequadraticobjectivepenaltyfunctionisprovedtobeanoptimalsolutiontotheoriginalbilevelprogramming.Moreover,basedonthequadraticobjectivepenaltyfunction,analgorithmisdevelopedtofindanoptimalsolutiontotheoriginalbilevelprogramming,anditsconvergenceprovedundersomeconditions.Furthermore,undertheassumptionofconvexityatlowerlevelproblems,aquadraticobjectivepenaltyfunctionwithoutlowerlevelproblemsisdefinedandisprovedequaltotheoriginalbilevelprogramming.
简介:AUGUST,2016FirstChina-USDialogueonLawHeldinBeijingChinaandtheUnitedStatesheldafirstrounddiscussionsonlawinBeijingonAugust3,animportantstepinimplementingtheconsensusreachedbythecountries’twoleaders.From:chinadaily.com.cn
简介:MultivariateObjectiveAnalysisofWindandHeightFieldsintheTropicsS.K.Sinha,S.G.NarkhedkarandS.Rajamani(IndianinstituteofTropical...
简介:Anobjectiveanalysisoftropicalcyclonetracksisperformed,withwhichthetracksof131tropicalstorms(TSs)in1972-2011areseparatedintothreetypesthatmovewest-,north-andnorthwestward,denotedasTypesA,BandC,respectively.TypeA(21TSsand16%oftotal)hastheorigininthesouthwesternBayofBengal,withtheTSinaunimodaldistributionasitsseasonalfeature,occurringmainlyinautumn;18ofthe21TSs(takingup90%)landmostlyonthewesternBaycoast(westof85°E);5%ofType-ATSsattainsthewindspeedof>42.7to48.9m/s.TypeAhaslittleornoeffectonTibet.TypeB(74TSs,56.6%ofthetotal)hasitspreferableorigininthecentralBayofBengal,withtheTSinabimodaldistributionasitsseasonalpattern.Thistypedenotesthetravelinthenorthinspring,withthelandfallof67ofthe74TSs(accountingfor91%)mainlyonthemiddlecoastoftheBay(85°to95°E),and19%oftheTSsreachingthewindvelocityof>42.7to48.9m/s,whichexertgreateffectonTibetanditisthisTStrackthatgivesstrongprecipitationonitswaythroughthisregion.TypeC(36TSs,27.5%ofthetotal)hasitsmainorigininthesouthernpartofthebay,andtheseTSsareformedlargelyinautumn,movinginthenorthwestdirection,and23ofthe36TSs(64%)landmostlyonthewesternBaycoast,lastingforalongertime,withalmostnoimpactuponTibet.