简介:TheYellowRiveristhecradleofChina.Ithadlongbeenthecenterofpolitics,economicsandcultureofChinainhistory.LargecoverageflooddisasteroccurredfrequentlyintheYellowRiverbasinandthelosseswereoftenheavy.Thus,theYellowRiverisalsoconsideredastheserioushiddendangerofChina.SincethefoundingofnewChina,structuralandnon-structuralsystemsoffloodcontrolhavebeenestablishedbasically.Tremendoussuccesseshavebeenmadeonfloodcontrol.Intothe21century,floodcontrolstandardoftheLowerYellowRiverhasbeenincreasedsignificantlywiththeoperationoftheXiaolangdiReservoir.However,problemsoftheYellowRiverarecomplicatedandthetasksforsolvingtheseproblemsarearduous.Particularly,thesedimentationproblemcan'tbesolvedcompletelyinthenearfuture.Thesituationof"suspendedriver"andthreatoffloodwilllongexist.Therefore,supportedbyrapidsocialandeconomicaldevelopmentofthenationandreliedonadvancedtechnology,thefloodcontrolsystemshallbeperfected.Meantime,studyoftheYellowRivershallbeenhancedinordertobetterunderstandtheflood,getwithitanduseitthustoreduceflooddisaster.
简介:Chinaisoneofthecountrieswiththemostseriousfloodingdisasters.InChina,above70%ofbigcities,50%ofpopulationand75%ofindustrialandagriculturaloutputvaluearedistributedineasterncoastalareaswithseriousflooding.Therefore,enhancementoftheoreticalstudyandexperiencesummarizationofurbanfloodcontrolisofgreattheoreticalandpracticalsignificance.Aseconomyisdevelopingrapidly,urbanscaleisexpandingfast,andurbanfloodcontrolstandispromoted.Urbanfloodcontrolcallsfornewconceptandmethods.Thispapermakesasystematicsummarizationofconceptevolutionandadvancedmethodsconcerningurbanfloodcontrolathomeandabroad.Theconceptofurbanfloodcontrolhastransformedfromsimplefloodcontrolanddrainagetocoexistencewithanduseofflood.Floodcontrolmeasureshavetransferredformemphasisuponengineeringonestoprioritytobothengineeringandnon-engineeringones,withspecialattentiontoecologicalfloodcontrol,suchasmakingfulluseofecologicalrevetment,ecologicalrealignmentofariver,multi-objectivemanagementofurbanflooddetentionregion,turningfloodintoresourcesandutilizationofwetlands.
简介:Xiangxi河盆,在华中在西方的湖北省定位了,是有水资源的不同类、复杂的分布的一个石灰岩地区常见的地形山脉马槽区域。这篇论文在这石灰岩地区常见的地形盆比较表面和表面下的洪水的特征,利用一个一个参数Darcian模型和传统的指数的模型。观察自记水位计和推断的水部件为表面和表面下的洪水是惊人地类似的。Darcian模型和指数的模型基于洪水产生过程的不同看法,与适合有适合有多重时间常数的仅仅衰退手足的一个单个时间常数,和后者的全部自记水位计的前者。由于石灰岩地区常见的地形媒介的anisotropy和异质,包括3S的使用的物理、化学的技术的联合(遥感,地理信息系统,全球放系统)方法被建议让提高的水文学调查在多山的区域估计并且描绘石灰岩地区常见的地形水资源。
简介:统计方法通常被用来评估自然人口和环境变量,然而,这些必须在在一个演变世界上适当的人口特性认出时间的趋势。这里介绍的新方程定义历史的人口在人口工具和标准差由线性变化影响了的总数的统计措施。这些能被用来提取今日的人口的统计特性,需要定义现代可变性和风险,从历史的数据的表格,那被当条件是不同的时,做的大小统治。作为一个例子,象变化和在里面隧道结构正在引起的气候那样的许多因素充满层次升起,因此未来洪水层次的现实主义的评价必须考虑如此的世俗的变化。新方程在比习惯性地假定人口stationarity的正式计算高是0.5~2m的USA中西部为100年的洪水提供水层次的估计。这些方程也证明洪水层次将继续每年由几厘米升起。这率比海水平的上升快将近十倍,并且因此代表被柔韧的数据记录的变化的最快、很损坏的率之一。
简介:ThecoastallowlandsinnorthernJiangsuProvince,China,ischaracterizedbylowreliefandlowwatersurfacegradientinstreams.Thefloodingstagesarecommonlylowerthanthehigh-tidelevelandthetidalrangeisrelativelysmall.Allthesefactorsprohibitrapiddischargeoffloodwaterandmakethefloodregimeshereextremelysensitivetothesealevelrise.The1991PlumRainwasexamined,whenprecipitationwassignificantlyhigherthannormal.Theone-dimensionalopen-channelnon-conservativeflowmodelwasusedtosimulatethestreamflowinthechannelnetworkofstudiedarea.GIStechnologywasusedtodelineatethemaximuminundatedareabyanalyzingtheDEMs.