简介：把早期的运动基于不一致的沉积的机制，拖强迫并且高举力量系数表情为不一致的床材料暴露和靠近的排列状态被提出。不一致的沉积的早期的速度公式然后被建立。公式结构合理、好，这被显示出不一致的沉积的粒子比一样缩放一致粒子的是更困难的设定进运动，而更粗糙的粒子更容易比他们的一致等价物设定进运动。公式的有效性由地和实验数据被验证。

简介：Todaywearepracticallywitnessingandexperiencingarealbotinvasion.Itisthereforepermissibletoaskoneselfwhatabotis(anditiscertainlynot“sciencefiction”).Thetruthisthis:theyareprogramsthatrespondautomaticallytorequests/queriesfromhumanusers.Butwherecanwefindthem?Inmanyfieldsorsectorsbutespeciallyininstantmessaging,forexample:Whatsapp,Telegram,Facebook,orMessenger.Itseemsthatwearetalkingaboutsomethingcomplicatedorverydifficult,however,evenweuserscancreateabotthatcanhelpusorotherstosimulateconversationsoractionsofthehumanbeinginordertomakeiteasieranactionortaskthatmayberepetitive.Nowithasbecome,inashorttime,afashionthatisspreadinginmanysectorsforitsversatility.Therealityisthattherearemanytypesofbots.Dependingonthesituationandourgoal,wewillchooseoneortheother.Butlet’sstartfromthebeginningandbeforethinkingabouthowtocreateabot,let’sseewhatabotisexactly.

简介：Serialgradesofcementmortarspecimenshavebeentestedonthemodelofcon-crete-liningflooddischargetunnelwithorifice,Theresultsshowthatincipientcavitationerosionnumberismuchsmallerthanincipientcavitationnumber.Basedontheprincipleofbubbledy-namics,theflowspeedeffectonincipientcavitationerosionnumberforcementmortarispre-sented.

简介：Thispaperpresentsanexperimentalinvestigationonincipientmotionofnon-cohesiveuniformsedimentunderasteady-uniformstreamflowongeneralizedslopingfluvialbeds(combinedlateralandstream-wiseslope).Thecharacteristicparametersaffectingtheincipientmotionofsedimentparticles,identifiedbasedonthephysicalreasoninganddimensionalanalysis,arethethresholdshearstressratio(ratioofthresholdshearstressforslopingbedtothatforhorizontalbed),lateralslope,stream-wiseslopeandangleofreposeofsedimentparticles.Experimentswerecarriedoutintwoducts(closed-conduitflow)havingsectionofsemicircularinvertwiththreetypesofsediments.Inanopenchannelflow(laboratoryflumestudy),theuniformflowisadifficult,ifnotimpossible,propositionforasteeplyslopingchannelandisimpossibletoobtaininanadverselyslopingchannel.Toavoidthisproblem,thetestswereconductedwithaclosed-conduitflow.Equationofcriticalbedshearstressfortheinitialmovementofsedimentparticlesongeneralizedslopingbedswasobtainedusingtheexperimentaldata.

简介：Basedonaseriesofexperimentsunderbothice-coveredandfreesurfaceconditions,thepresentarticlediscussestheroleofflowvelocityandcriticalshearReynoldsnumberforincipientmotionofbedmaterial.Theinfluenceoftheresistancecoefficientsofboththeundersideoftheicecoverandthechannelbedonthelocationofthemaximumvelocityhasbeendiscussed.Inaddition,theimpactsoficeandcompositeresistancecoefficientsonflowvelocityforincipientmotionofbedmaterialhavebeenassessed.ThediagramdescribingthecriticalshearReynoldsnumberandthedimensionlessshearstressfortheincipientmotionofsedimentundericecoveredconditionswithdifferentundercoverresistancecoefficienthasbeenestablished.TheeffectsofgrainsizeondensimetricFroudenumberforincipientmotionofbedmaterialhavebeeninvestigated.ArelationshipbetweenthedensimetricFroudenumberforincipientmotionofbedmaterialandthemediangrainsizeofbedmaterialaswellastheroughnesscoefficientofchannelbedandroughnesscoefficientoficecoverhasbeenestablished.

简介：Multiscalesimulationsofthetiltedflat-endednanoindentationwithdifferenttiltedangles(from5?～30?)onthe(-110)surfaceofnickelcrystalwerestudiedusingtheQCmethod.Themodeloftheindentationisaflat-endindenterinclinedbyanangleεdrivenintoahalfplanevertically.Load-displacementresponses,initialstagesoftheplasticitydeformationsanddislocationemissionsfornickelfilmatdifferentinclinedangleswereobtainedandanalyzedaswell.Anenergycriterionwassuccessfullyproposedtoanalyzethecriticalloadforthefirstdislocationemissionbeneaththeedgeoftheindenter.Simulationresultsagreewellwithanalyticalones.AnelasticmodelbasedonthecontacttheoryandthePeierls-Nabarrodislocationmodelwerecombinedtoanalyzewhenandwherethedislocationwillbeemittedbeneaththelowersurfaceofaninclinedindenter.Resultsindicatethatthekeyparameteristheratioofthecontacthalfwidthtothepositionoftheslipplane.Thisparametershowstherangeinwhichadislocationwillprobablybeemitted.Thismechanismexplainsthesimulationresultswell.ThisworkisofvalueforunderstandingthemechanismofdislocationemissionsofFCCcrystalsundertiltedflatendednanoindentationwhileprovidingapproachestopredictingwhenthefirstdislocationwillbeemittedandwheresubsequentdislocationswillprobablybeemitted.

简介：Basedon6-hourlysensibleheatfluxandlatentheatfluxfromtheNCEPClimateForecastSystemReanalysis(CFSR)andcirculationdatafromtheJapanese25-yearReanalysis(JRA-25),theinitialdevelopingprocessoftropicalcycloneMindulle(1005)in2010hasbeendiagnosedtorevealtheimpactofair-seainteractionovertheSouthChinaSea(SCS)onthegenesisofitsincipientvortex.TheresultsshowthattheincipientvortexfirstoccurredeastoftheLuzonIslandon0000UTC20August,suggestingthatthetopographicforcingoftheLuzonIslandforeasterlywindsoverthewesternPacificmightbeoneofthefactorsresponsiblefortheformationoftheincipientvortex.Duringtheformationstageoftheincipientvortex,strongsoutheasterliesovertheSCScausedwarmwaterofthemiddleandeasternSCStoflowtowardtheLuzonIslandduetoEkmantransportresultingfromwindstress,leadingtoanincreaseoftheseasurfacetemperatureandsensibleheatfluxintotheatmosphere.Althoughtheanomaloussensibleheatingfavoredsurfacepressuretoreduce,itwasnotconducivetotheincreaseoflocalvorticityassociatedwiththevortexabovetheheatingareabecause,accordingtotheatmosphericthermaladaptationtheory,theanticyclonicvorticitywouldbecreatedinthelowertroposphereduetothedecreasedverticalgradientofthesensibleheating.However,theascendingmotionsoccurredovertheeasternareaoftheanomaloussensibleheatingduetotheaugmentationofthevorticityadvectionwithincreasingheight,causingwatervaportocondenseinthemiddleanduppertroposphere.Inturn,cyclonicvorticitywasgeneratedinthelowertroposphereduetotheincreasedverticalgradientofthecondensationlatentheating,resultingintheformationandfurthergrowthoftheincipientvortex.Therefore,thevorticitycreationduetothecondensationheatingplayedadominantroleduringthesubsequentenhancingstageoftheincipientvortex.