简介：为了评估antithyroidantibodie层次，有甲状腺疾病的526个病人和292健康的意义，从Yuci使区域遭到，山西省，中国，被学习。浆液层次为甲状腺荷尔蒙受体抗体(TRAb)被决定，microsomal抗体(TMAb)和thyrogiobulin抗体(TGAb)。在病人之中，为榴状的甲状腺肿和甲状腺腺瘤，坟的疾病，和Hashimoto的甲状腺炎的百分比分别地是44.1%，19.6%和17.7%。到男性的女性的比率是2.0～15.6个.Antibody积极的病人因为TMAb，TGAb和TRAb为Hashimoto的甲状腺炎作为94.6%，76.3%和20.4%可检测，并且40.0%，30.0%和90.3%为格雷夫斯的疾病。为描绘疾病和forusingas的流行病学的基础在结论，在Hashimoto的甲状腺炎和自发的甲状腺机能减退的TGAb/TMAb的在坟的疾病的TRAb的高水平，和那些是有意义的为在单个病人的恶化的预示的指示物。

简介：AbstractBackground:Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) refers to the sudden occurrence of unexplained sensorineural hearing loss. The present study showed that different systemic diseases had different influence on the occurrence and hearing outcome of SSHL. Thyroid hormone is one of the important factors for the development of fetal ear and auditory function. However, the distribution of thyroid dysfunction in SSHL patients and the effect of thyroid dysfunction on the occurrence and hearing outcome of SSHL has not been studied.Methods:In this study, a retrospective analysis had been done in 676 patients with SSHL. We had described the distribution of thyroid function in patients with SSHL in detail, and by the statistical method, analyzed the relationship between the hearing outcome and thyroid dysfunction, respectively.Results:In all patients, 24.41% (165/676) had abnormal thyroid function testing results. The onset age of SSHL in FT3 abnormal group (including low and high group) was younger than that in normal FT3 group. Recovery group had more patients with lower-than-normal T3 level as compared to non-recovery patients. Significant associations between T3 levels and hearing outcome were observed in the subgroup with longer time elapse between symptom onset and treatment (≥14 d).Conclusion:The incidence of thyroid dysfunction in SSHL is significantly higher than in the general population. There was obvious relationship between T3 and FT3 item of thyroid dysfunction and the onset time and hearing outcome of SSHL, which indicated that T3 or FT3 indicator may be one of the affecting factors for the SSHL. Early screening and diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction, especial T3 level, may help to evaluate the prognosis in SSHL patients.

简介：AIMTo评估网膜的神经纤维层(RNFL)在没有眼的神经dysfunction.METHODSA的临床的符号的甲状腺ophthalmopathy的病人的厚度侧面未来，盒子控制，在一个第三级的照顾中心进行的观察学习。包括标准与中的任何一个联合与眼皮收回由病人组成了：生物化学的甲状腺机能障碍，exophthalmos，或眼睛外面的肌肉参与；或与exophthalmos或眼睛外面的肌肉参与联合的甲状腺机能障碍；或一个临床的活动分数(CAS)>3/7。RNFL厚度的二大小为每只眼睛被做，到样品的触毛HD光的连贯断层摄影术6moapart.RESULTSMean年龄与18男性和22女性一起是38.75y(范围13-70y)。平均RNFL厚度起初访问92.06？？

简介：摘要ObjectiveThis single-center study aimed to investigate the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on modulation of thyroid hormone levels and cognition in the recovery stage of patients with cognitive dysfunction following stroke.MethodsSeventy post-stroke patients who had cognitive impairment were randomly assigned to either the rTMS group or the control (sham) group. Both groups were administered basic treatment, with the rTMS group receiving rTMS (1 Hz, 90% MT, 1000 pulse/20 min, once a day for 5 days, for a total of 20 times), the stimulation site was the contralateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and the sham group receiving sham stimulation which had the same stimulation parameters and site, except that the coil plane was placed perpendicular to the surface of the scalp. Cognitive function assessment and thyroid function tests were performed before and after 4 weeks of treatment.Resultserum levels of triiodothyronine (T3), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) showed a positive correlation with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale score of stroke patients in the recovery phase. The post-treatment change in the scores of MoCA and Modified Barthel Index (MBI) and scores of 3 cognitive domains (visuospatial function, memory, and attention), as well as serum T3, FT3, and TSH levels, were improved more significantly in the rTMS group, and T3 and FT3 levels significantly affected the MoCA scores within the reference range.ConclusionsSerum T3, FT3, and TSH levels of stroke patients in the recovery phase were positively correlated with MoCA score. rTMS increased T3, FT3, and TSH levels and also improved MoCA and MBI of patients in the recovery phase of stroke.

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简介：瞄准：与高潮的机能障碍在人的治疗学习育亨宾硷的效果。方法：育亨宾硷的A20-mg剂量首先在诊所与不同原因论的高潮的机能障碍被给29个人。病人们然后被允许在更赞成的情形下面在家(滴定)增加剂量。结果和副作用随后被估计。结果：病人被分类进三组高潮的机能障碍：主要完全(13)，主要不完全(8)并且第二等(8)。梦遗在75%,40%是在场的，在上面的50%病人组织，分别地(总的来说平均62%)。因为富饶问题(52%)，介绍的人或因为他们想要经历高潮(48%)的快乐。完成了治疗的29个病人，16设法到达高潮并且也在手淫或性交期间是有能力的脚趾投掷。进一步，三完成了的A达到高潮，但是仅仅与一个震荡器的另外的刺激。前面的梦遗的历史在高潮在被劝诱的69%人是在场的但是仅仅50%没有通过治疗。病人，二随后生了孩子(双胞胎的一个集合)，3个人也是的另外一个治好。副作用不是足够的引起这些人停止治疗。结论：Yohimbineis在高潮的机能障碍的一种有用治疗选择。

简介：AbstractBackground:Thermal ablation of thyroid nodules is new modality for the management of the benign and malign lesions. This minimally invasive treatment is performed as an outpatient, local anesthetic, single professional procedure that can treat neoplastic lesions without removing normal thyroid tissue and thus avoiding hypothyroidism.Method:A comprehensive review of the most relevant literature regarding the thermal ablation of benign and malign nodules was performed in order to currently define its role on the management of the nodular thyroid disease. The data was divided into benign and malign literature.Results:The benign nodules can be effectively treated by radiofrequency ablation (RFA) but some limitation exists regarding the nodule’s size but not nodules characteristics. The RFA of primary malign tumors of the thyroid recently demonstrated positive and safe long-term follow-up and encouraged additional investigation and possibly a definitive role in the management of these low risk nodules.Conclusion:RFA is a safe, cost-effective minimally invasive procedure that avoids thyroid tissue removal while destroying neoplastic one thus, preventing hypothyroidism.

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简介：Inordertoevaluatetheinvolvementofthethyroidglandinreproduction,thyroidfunc-tioningwasdescribedinfemalecultivatedJapaneseeel(Anguillajaponica)inprogressivestagesofsex-ualmaturationinducedbychumsalmonpituitaryhomogenate(SPH)treatment.Serumthyroidhor-mones,thyroxine(T4)andtriiodothyronine(T3)werealsomeasuredineachstage.Thyroidglandac-tivity(epithelialcellheight)washighbeforeSPHinjection(previtellogenicstage),furtherincreasingattheearlyvitellogenicstage,thereafterdecreasingtolatevitellogenicandmigratorynucleusstages.TheprofilesofbothT3andT4changedduringvitellogenesis,beinghighduringprevitellogenicandearlyvitellogenicstages,andsubsequentlydeclining,thusmimickingthyroidglandactivity.Theseresultssuggestthatthethyroidhasrelationwitheelovariandevelopmentduringartificialmaturation.

简介：Althoughthyroidcarcinomaisarelativelycommonformofmalignancy,metastaticspreadtotheskullisrare.Here,wereportacaseofpapillarythyroidcarcinomawithfrontalandparietalmetastasis.A61-year-oldChinesewomanpresentedwithaoneyearhistoryofagrowingmassonthecenterofthefrontalandparietalbone,initiallythoughttobemeningioma.Biopsyoftheskullbasemassafterintracalvariumexcision,indicatedatumorofthyroidorigin.Onemonthlaterthepatientunderwentatotalthyroidectomy.Pathologicalexaminationconfirmedadiagnosisofpapillarythyroidcarcinomawithfrontalandparietalbonemetastasis.Basedonthisexperience,thekeytosuccessfulmanagementoftheskullmetastasisofthyroidcarcinomaispromptdiagnosisandappropriatetreatment.Skullmetastasisshouldbeconsideredattheoutsetoftheclinicalcourseofpapillarythyroidcancer.Tofacilitatethis,patientsshouldbemeticulouslyinvestigatedbyamultidisciplinaryteamtoimprovequalityoflife.

简介：转变生长因素(TGF)-尾家庭成员是多功能的cytokines在细胞上得到他们的效果包括endothelial和墙壁的细胞，经由特定的类型我和类型IIserine/threoninekinase受体和细胞内部的Smad抄写因素。为表明小径部件的TGF-尾家庭的猛烈老鼠模型在合适的蛋黄囊angiogenesis揭示了他们的批评重要性。在人的基因研究在这些发信号的部件连接了变化到象世袭出血性的毛细管扩张，主要肺的高血压和Marfan症候群那样的特定的心血管的症候群。在这评论，我们在我们TGF-尾受体在脉管的生物学和疾病发信号的角色的理解的现在的最近的进展，并且讨论这怎么可以被申请治疗。

简介：AbstractLymph node metastasis is common in differentiated thyroid cancer especially papillary thyroid cancer. Presence of lymph node metastasis does not have an impact on survival in younger patients. Therapeutic central and lateral neck dissection in the presence of clinically or radiologically evident lymph nodes has resulted in good overall survival. However, disease persistence in the lymph node/early recurrences may be seen in patients owing to lymph nodes that may be missed during the initial neck dissection. These observed locations are retropharyngeal and parapharyngeal nodal location, retro carotid location, sublingual, axillary, and intraparotid locations, supraclavicular and superficial to the sternothyroid muscle. We aim to highlight these locations with the goal to minimize persistence or early recurrence of disease at these locations.

简介：Anuranmetamorphosisinvolvessystematictransformationsofindividualorgansinathyroidhormone(TH)-dependentmanner.Morphologicalandcellularstudieshaveshownthattheremovaloflarvalorgans/tissuessuchthetailandthetadpoleintestinalepitheliumisthroughprogrammedcelldeathorapop-tosis.RecentmolecularinvestigationssuggestthatTHregulatesmetamorphosisbyregulatingtargetgeneexpressionthroughthyroidhormonereceptors(TRs),whichareDNA-bindingtranscriptionfactors.Cloning

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简介：Aim:Toevaluatetheefficacyandsafetyoftransurethralapplicationofalprostadil(MUSE.)forthetreatmentoferectiledysfunctioninIndonesians.Methods:Twentyerectiledysfunctionpatientsagedbetween32-74yearsoldwererecruitedinthisstudy.Theinclusioncriteriawereasfollows:1)adultmales18yearsorolderwithasubjectivecomplaintorerectiledysfunction,2)toprovidewritteninformedconsent,3)toagreenottouseotherformsoftreatmentforerectiledysfunction,4)fulfillthescreeninglaboratoryvalues.Part1,eligiblepatientsweretitratedintheclinicstartingwithadoseof250μgandproceedinastepwisemannerto500μgand1000μgonseparateclinicvisitsuntiltheyidentifiedadosethatproducedasatisfactoryresponse.Theintervalbetweeneachin-clinictitrationwas2-3days.Eachin-clinictitrationdosewasevaluatedat15minintervalsoveraonehourperiodforerectionassessment,bloodpressureandpulse.Part2,patientsusedMUSEathomeforthreemonthsatthedoseidentifiedduringtheinclinictitration.Monthlyinterimvisitswererequiredforpatientfollow-upanddrugdistribution.Attheendofthestudy,patientshadanotherlaboratory(excepttestosterone,onlyassayedinscreeningprocedure)andphysicalexamination.Results:Theetiologyoferectiledysfunctionwaspsychologicalin5patientsandorganicin15patients.The65%ofthepatientsachievedtheerectionscaleof4or5eitherintheclinicorathome,10%achievedthescaleof4athome,butnotintheclinic,and25%onlyachievedthescaleof2or3withthehighestdoseof1000μgeitherintheclinicorathome.Nosignificantdifferenceswerefoundinbiochemicalexaminationbeforeandafterthestudy.The60%ofthepatientswhoachievederectionscale4or5continuedtouseMUSEuntiltheendofthestudy,while40%ofthemcomplainedofpainatthetimeofMUSEapplication,duringerectionand/orduringintercourse.Theywithdrewfromthestudy.Conclusion:Transurethral

简介：瞄准：评估功效和vardenafil的toler能力，一个phosphodiesterasetype-5(PDE-5)禁止者，在有可勃起的机能障碍(编辑)的亚洲种族的人。方法：在这未来，双窗帘，多民族的学习，亚洲人被使随机化收到vardenafil(10mg)或安慰剂(4:1比率)12个星期。主要功效变量是可勃起的功能的国际索引可勃起的功能领域(IIEF-EF)，和性相遇侧面(9月)与穿入和交际结束有关询问。重要吝啬的改进在所有三项措施被要求显示出vardenafil处理的积极好处。第二等的功效变量在勃起改进上包括了全球评价问题(GAQ)。结果：最少平方的吝啬的基线IIEF-EF领域分数(vardenafil14.6，安慰剂13.4)与在12个星期以后的中等编辑一致，vardenafil处理与安慰剂相比在IIEF-EF领域分数从基线与重要增加被联系(22.4对14.3；P<0.001)。Vardenafil在吝啬的成功为SEP-2评估的最少的广场(LS)从基线与重要改进被联系(vardenafil82.2对安慰剂43.6；P<0.001)并且SEP-3(vardenafil66.1对安慰剂24.0；P<0.001)。积极GAQ回答被81.8%vardenafil接受者对24.3%安慰剂接受者报导。不利事件被25.4%vardenafil组，报导温和、短暂的多数。结论：Vardenafil(10mg)是为在亚洲男人的中等编辑的一个高度有效、容忍得好的处理。这些结果增加在耐心的人口的一个范围为编辑的治疗表明vardenafil的安全和功效的数据的增加的数量。

简介：在源于mitochondrial机能障碍的氧化phosphorylation的改变长被假设了涉及tumorigenesis。线粒体最近被显示了在调整规划房间死亡和房间增长起一个重要作用。而且，mitochondrialDNA(mtDNA)变化在各种各样的癌症房间被发现了。然而，在tumorigenesis的这些mtDNA变化的角色仍然保持大部分未知。这评论集中于基本mitochondrial遗传，mtDNA变化和与癌症联系的结果的mitochondrial机能障碍。潜在的分子的机制，调停从mtDNA变化的致病和到tumorigenesis的mitochondrial机能障碍也被讨论。

简介：AbstractThe aim of this paper is to discuss the risk of recurrence in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer and emphasize the importance of risk-group stratification, early recurrence identification and application of new imaging modalities, what is the PET-CT. Moreover, follow-up of patients with thyroid carcinoma should be carried out by specialized teams throughout life. Therefore, interdisciplinary case discussions in tumor conferences may improve the use of multimodal therapy especially in patients with poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas. After baseline follow-up, if there is a suspicion of thyroid carcinoma, early PET-CT should be used for early detection and appropriate planning. Fortunately, due to the good localization possibility, the PET-CT enables a focused surgical procedure with avoidance of an unnecessary tumor search and thereby a reduction of the risk of injury of neighboring structures which is a concern with reoperative neck surgery.

简介：AbstractBackground:The standard treatment for pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) still requires consideration because of a lack of clinical evidence. The purpose of this study was to summarize the clinical experiences and explore the risk factors for post-operative recurrence through a retrospective analysis to develop better clinical strategies for pediatric DTC.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed children and adolescents with DTC who were treated between January 1999 and December 2014 at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Clinicopathological results and outcomes were collected. A log-rank test of Kaplan-Meier curves and the Cox regression model were used to determine the factors associated with recurrence.Results:Data of 150 patients were collected in this study. During the follow-up, there was only one disease-related death. The recurrence rates at 3, 5, and 10 years were 13.6%, 18.7%, and 28.6%, respectively. There was a significant difference in the rate of recurrence according to age (P < 0.001), extrathyroidal extension (P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.023), and invasion of the trachea and esophageal wall (P = 0.004). Cox regression analysis demonstrated that age (P = 0.006) and extrathyroidal extension (P = 0.013) were significant dependent factors of post-operative recurrence.Conclusions:The prognosis of DTC in children and adolescents is favorable. A close follow-up is recommended because of the high recurrence rate. A comparatively higher recurrence rate was observed in the younger age group, and new age-based divisions may be needed to conveniently evaluate the possibility of recurrence.