简介：Westudyfew-electronsemiconductorquantumdotsusingtheunrestrictedHartree-Fock-RoothaanmethodhasedontheGaussianbasis.Ouremphasisisontheenergylevelcalculationforquantumdots.Theconfinementpotentialinaquantumdotisassumedtobeinaformofthree-dimensionalsphericalfinitepotentialwell.Somevaluableresults,suchastherearrangementoftheenergylevel,havebeenobtained.

简介：获得性质(AlN)(m)/(轧)(n)基于超点阵的量串联结构被使用调查一非平衡格林的功能(NGF)理论。在这个理论，电子电子相互作用和电子LO声子相互作用两个都被考虑。QCL的获得系列从一些水流驱动的项目被计算，它从这二个相互作用被导出。电子电子相互作用的效果在low-photon-energy范围和electron-LO-phonon相互作用是著名的结果表演仅仅在high-photon-energy范围生效，在光子精力接近的地方或比LO声子精力大轧了材料。

简介：Itisveryimportanttomeasurelocaldeformationsforanin-depthunderstandingofmechanicalpropertiesandfracturemechanismofstructuralandfunctionalmaterials.Inthispaper,differenttypesofmodelgridfabricationmethodsandmanytypesofelectronMoiremethodsusinganelectronbeamdrawingsystem,ascanningelectronmicroscopeorafocusionbeamarereported,togetherwiththeirapplicationsinthemeasurementofdeformationsoccurringinvariousengineeringsandmaterialsscienceresearch.

简介：Thebehaviorofargonplasmadrivenbynanosecondpulsedplasmainalow-pressureplasmareactorisinvestigatedusingaglobalmodel,andtheresultsarecomparedwiththeexperimentalmeasurements.ThetimeevolutionofplasmadensityandtheelectronenergyprobabilityfunctionarecalculatedbysolvingtheenergybalanceandBoltzmannequations.Duringandshortlyafterthedischargepulse,theelectronenergyprobabilityfunctioncanberepresentedbyabi-Maxwelliandistribution,indicatingtwoenergygroupsofelectrons.Accordingtotheeffectiveelectrontemperaturecalculation,wefindthattherearemorehigh-energyelectronsthatplayanimportantroleintheexcitationandionizationprocessesthanlow-energyelectrons.Theeffectiveelectrontemperatureisalsomeasuredviaopticalemissionspectroscopytoevaluatethesimulationmodel.Inthecomparison,thesimulationresultsarefoundtobeinagreementwiththemeasurements.Furthermore,variationsoftheeffectiveelectrontemperaturearepresentedversusotherdischargeparameters,suchaspulsewidthtime,pulserisetimeandgaspressure.

简介：扩大电子的一个模型是适合描述经由扫描掘显微镜获得的理论模拟和试验性的结果的更多，这被发现了，但是当动态性质容易被合并时，磁性，并且特别地电子旋转性质当测量不在时由于他们的构思的isotropy提出一个问题。一个电子的旋转与一个磁场反应并且因此有向量的性质。然而，电子纺纱也是各向同性的，建议它没有向量的性质。在对电子旋转的描述的这中央冲突，我们相信，矛盾的性质的许多的根为量旋转粒子被测量并且要求。利用电子旋转在真实三维的空间一致地在被描述的一个模型--一个扩大电子模型--我们证明纺纱可以被向量描述并且仍然维持它的isotropy。在这个框架，我们重新估计连续大小的Stern-Gerlach实验，Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen实验，和效果并且在所有情况中发现相当直觉的解释。

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简介：由比较生气的节因为左手、右手的电子从各种各样的unpolarized散布了原子目标，小违背同等值的不对称现象能被测量。这些不对称现象数据探查许多重要话题，包括为新基本相互作用和原子结构的重要特征的搜索，那不能与另外的探针被学习。这些实验的特殊特征是结果被解释与的A显著地很少理论无常，它认为正当把实验推到最高可能的精确。精确地测量小不对称现象，很多种新奇试验性的技术被开发了。

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简介：Emissionquenchingof[Ru(bpy)2(4,4’-dcbpy)](PF6)2(1)bybenzenamine,4-[2-[5-[4-[4-dimethylamino]phenyl]-4,5-di-hydro-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-ethenyl]-N,N-dimetyl(2)or1,5-diphenyl-3-(2-phenothiazine)-2-pyrazoline(3)wasobserved.Measurementsoftheemissiondecayof1beforeandafteradditionof2or3bysinglephotoncountingtechniquecon-finnedtheobservations.Theemissionquenchingof1by2or3wassubmittedtoStern-Volmerequation.Itwascalculatedthatthequenchingrateconstants(kq)are5.5×109(mol/L)-1s-1for2and4.0×109(mol/L)-1s-1for3,respectively.Theseresultsindicatedacharacterofdynamicquenchingprocess.Thesinglet-stateof2or3wasalsoquenchedby1.ThequenchingbehaviorsdidnotconformtotheStern-Volmerequationandinvolvedbothstaticanddynamicquenchingprocesses.Theapparentquenchingrateconstant(kapp)wascalculatedtobe3×109(mol/L)-1fortheinteractionofexcited2with1,and1.2×109(mol/L)-1forthatofexcited3wit

简介：FLASHatDESY,Hamburg,Germanyisthefirstfree-electronlaser(FEL)operatingintheextremeultraviolet(EUV)andsoftx-raywavelengthrange.FLASHisauserfacilityprovidingfemtosecondshortpulseswithanunprecedentedpeakandaveragebrilliance,openingnewscientificopportunitiesinmanydisciplines.Thefirstcallforuserexperimentshasbeenlaunchedin2005.TheFLASHlinearacceleratorisbasedonTESLAsuperconductingtechnology,providingseveralthousandsofphotonpulsespersecondtouserexperiments.Probingfemtosecond-scaledynamicsinatomicandmolecularreactionsusing,forinstance,acombinationofx-rayandopticalpulsesinapumpandprobearrangement,aswellassingle-shotdiffractionimagingofbiologicalobjectsandmolecules,aretypicalexperimentsperformedatthefacility.WegiveanoverviewoftheFLASHfacility,anddescribethebasicprinciplesoftheaccelerator.Recently,FLASHhasbeenextendedbyasecondundulatorbeamline(FLASH2)operatedinparalleltothefirstbeamline,extendingthecapacityofthefacilitybyafactoroftwo.

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简介：Wetheoreticallypresenttheintrinsiclimitstoelectronmobilityinthemodulation-dopedAlGaN/GaNtwo-dimensionalelectrongas(2DEG)duetoeffectsincludingacousticdeformationpotential(DP)scattering,piezoelectricscattering(PE),andpolar-opticphononscattering(POP).WefindthatDEandPEarethemoresignificantlimitingfactorsatintermediatetemperaturesof40Kto250K,whilePOPbecomesdominantasroomtemperatureisapproached.Detailednumericalresultsarepresentedforthechangeofelectronmobilitywithrespecttotemperatureandcarrierdensity.Weconcludethatthesethreetypesofphononscattering,whicharegenerallydeterminedbythematerialpropertiesbutnotthetechnicalprocessing,arehardlimitstothe2DEGmobility.

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简介：在这份报纸，一个模型被导出与包含对电子声子的一个外部潜力描述一个四次的非谐的interatomic相互作用。作者在semilinear和quasilinear盒子学习相应Cauchy问题。

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