简介：

简介：JewelryandpreciousstonesontheworldmarkethaveanannualtransactionvolumeofoverUS$100billion.Since1985,theyhaveenjoyedalargegrowthinexportsfromChina.In1990,theexportvolumewasUS$157million,in1991——US$250million,in1992——US$250million,in1993——US$670millionandin1994——US$750

简介：

简介：

简介：无

简介：埃及被serpentinites的宽出现描绘，特别地在东方沙漠的中央、南部的部分。有几合作影响serpentinites的因素用作装饰石头。这些因素包含矿物学的特征(包括的矿物成分和微观结构参数)，物理性质和机械properties.Antigorite是一种必要serpentinite矿物质与chry-sotile.Talc的次要的数量，碳酸盐(菱镁矿和白云石)和透闪石是主要联系矿物质。象滑石和碳酸盐(白云石和菱镁矿)那样的联系矿物质的质量和数量影响用作装饰石头的serpentinites的性质。碳酸盐对捱过抵抗，但是在内部使用受不了酸的除垢剂，而有滑石的一个高内容的serpentinites在外部脸上使用了在体积和作为结果的快速的降级经历增加。学习serpentinites被相对小的粒子大小与foliated质地，低潮吸收，低孔，和高磨损抵抗描绘。在学习的样品，单轴的抗压强度(UCS)在89和189MPa之间变化，与到贝尔(1992)的分类的152MPa.According的一般水准，样品No.B8在力量很高当时在力量的剩余的高度。

简介：

简介：仔细观察一个小孩，随便哪个小孩都行。你会发现，他每天都会发现令他快乐的事情，尽管过一会儿他可能会哭哭啼啼。再看看一个成人，我们中间任何人都行。你会发现，一周复一周，一月又一月，他总是以听天由命的心情迎接新的一天到来，以礼貌的冷漠忍受这一天的消逝。

简介：AmissionofHongKongChinaLight&PowerCo.headedbySirWilliamsStones,ManagingDirectorpaidavisittotheMinistryofEnergylastOctoberandwasreceivedbyMr.HuangYicheng,MinisterofEnergy.Duringthemeeting,issuesofcooperativeprojectsbothunderwayandinfuturewerediscussed.Bothsidesagreedthatbetterunder-standingandcooperationoverDayaBayNuclearPowerStationshallcontinuetobemaintainedinordertospeedupandsmoothenitsprogressandtowellprepareforitsfuturecom-

简介：

简介：AbstractObjective:Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a rare genetic disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in the ABCC6 gene. While PXE is characterized by ectopic mineralization of connective tissues clinically affecting the skin, eyes, and cardiovascular system, kidney stones were reported in some individuals with PXE. The aim of this study is to determine whether kidney stones are an incidental finding or a frequent manifestation of PXE.Methods:We first investigated the genetic basis of two siblings diagnosed with PXE. The younger patient presented with recurrent kidney stones since 8 years old. Secondly, to address whether kidney stones are associated with PXE, the prevalence of kidney stones in a survey cohort of 563 respondents with PXE was compared to that of a general U.S. population survey, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, with 28,629 participants.Results:Genetic analysis in both patients identified compound heterozygous mutations in ABCC6, c.2787+1G>T, and c.3774_3775insC. The analysis of participants 20 years old and older revealed that 23.4% of PXE patients had previously had a kidney stone, a significant increase compared to 9.2% in the general population (P < 0.01). In addition, 17.8% of PXE patients reported their first kidney stone episode before age of 18 years old.Conclusions:PXE correlates with an increased risk of developing kidney stones with considerable morbidity and health-care cost.

简介：关于为心脏性的吃惊的处理的levosimendan的使用的编辑的一封信被介绍。

简介：

简介：

简介：

简介：AbstractBackground:The optimal treatment for large impacted proximal ureteral stones remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and potential complications of mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) and retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy (RPLU) in the treatment of impacted proximal ureteral stones with size greater than 15 mm.Methods:A total of 268 patients with impacted proximal ureteral stones greater than 15 mm who received MPCNL or RPLU procedures were enrolled consecutively between January 2014 and January 2019. Data on surgical outcomes and complications were collected and analyzed.Results:Demographic and ureteral stone characteristics found between these two groups were not significantly different. The surgical success rate (139/142, 97.9% vs. 121/126, 96.0%, P = 0.595) and stone-free rate after 1 month (139/142, 97.9% vs. 119/126, 94.4%, P = 0.245) of RPLU group were marginally higher than that of the MPCNL group, but there was no significant difference. There was no significant difference in the drop of hemoglobin between the two groups (0.8 ± 0.6 vs. 0.4 ± 0. 2 g/dL, P = 0.621). The mean operative time (68.2 ± 12.5 vs. 87.2 ± 16.8 min, P = 0.041), post-operative analgesics usage (2/121, 1.7% vs. 13/139, 9.4%, P = 0.017), length of hospital stay after surgery (2.2 ± 0.6 vs. 4.8 ± 0.9 days, P < 0.001), double J stent time (3.2 ± 0.5 vs. 3.9 ± 0.8 days, P = 0.027), time of catheterization (1.1 ± 0.3 vs. 3.5 ± 0.5 days, P < 0.001), and time of drainage tube (2.3 ± 0.3 vs. 4.6 ± 0.6 days, P < 0.001) of MPCNL group were significantly shorter than that of the RPLU group. The complication rate was similar between the two groups (20/121, 16.5% vs. 31/139, 22.3%, P = 0.242).Conclusions:MPCNL and RPLU have similar surgical success and stone clearance in treating impacted proximal ureteral stones greater than 15 mm, while patients undergoing MPCNL had a lower post-operative pain rate and a faster recovery.