简介:摘要:本文简要介绍了机械领域专利的特点,并结合两个实际案例展现了正确理解发明,获得准确的IC分类号以及FI/FT分类号,对提高检索效率的促进作用。
简介:摘要:本文针对一件检索交流案例,检索思路和检索结果进行整理分析,对比各种检索思路的有效性,指出其中CPC分类号的使用误区,并结合不同的检索库调整检索思路,总结得出一种CPC分类号的较佳使用方法,并制定检索策略,高效准确地检索到对比文件。
简介:摘要: 高质量的检索是提升专利审查质量和效率的关键。本文提出了三步走运用CPC分类号进行高效检索的方法,并以C08L小类(高分子化合物的组合物)为例,具体介绍了如何对比分析认识CPC分类号,多管齐下了解CPC分类号,检索统计分析CPC分类号,并举例说明了如何具体运用CPC分类号实现高效检索。
简介:摘 要:本文指出在专利检索时,用CPC分类号对医疗器械领域的案件进行检索的优势。准确合理地使用CPC分类号,可以有效提升检索的针对性,降低噪音,提高效率。
简介:【内容摘要】统编教材从一年级起就安排了众多的分类练习,随着年级的升高,分类的要求也随之提升;中年级到高年级,除了继续进行分类积累词语、专项的分类练习以外,还引导学生将分类的方法运用于阅读与习作中。因此,在语文教学中字、词、阅读、写作的分类学习用到思维导图会优化学生的学习。
简介:摘要:目的:甲状腺结节分类诊断过程中采用TI-RADS分类法,观察该种分类方法的应用效果。方法:将我科2018年1月--2020年10月的甲状腺结节297例患者353个结节作为观察对象,并且根据分类方法不同,将患者分成一组和二组,一组使用TI-RADS分类法,二组使用ATA标准分类。结果:(1)本次总共选择353个甲状腺结节作为研究对象,其中良性结节210个,占比59.49%;恶性结节143个,占比40.50%。(2)一组和二组甲状腺结节分类后从NPV、PPV、敏感性、特异性、准确性对照中,一组分别是94.33%、76.20%、88.66%、84.13%、89.23%,二组分别是85.26%、69.68%、77.33%、71.10%、81.01%。(x2=10.021,p=0.000),结果有差异。结论:甲状腺结节诊断过程中采用TI-RADS分类法价值较高,该种方法值得在临床上推广。
简介:AbstractThe ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has put a strain on health systems globally. Although Africa is the least affected region to date, it has the weakest health systems and an exponential rise in cases as has been observed in other regions, is bound to overwhelm its health systems. Early detection and isolation of suspected and confirmed COVID-19 cases are pivotal to the prevention and control of the pandemic. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that all laboratory-confirmed cases should be isolated and treated in a health care facility; however, where this is not possible due to the health system capacity, patients can be isolated in re-purposed facilities or at home. An already very apparent future challenge for Africa is facility-based isolation of COVID-19 cases, given the already limited health infrastructure and health workforce, and the risk of nosocomial transmission. Use of repurposed facilities requires additional resources, including health workers. Home isolation, on the other hand, would be a challenge given the poor housing, overcrowding, inadequate access to water and sanitation, and stigma related to infectious disease that is prevalent in many African societies. Conflict settings on the continent pose an additional challenge to the prevention and control of COVID-19 with the resultant population displacements in overcrowded camps where access to social services is limited. These unique cultural, social, economic and developmental differences on the continent, call for a tailored approach to COVID-19 case management strategies. This article proposes three broad case management strategies based on the transmission scenarios defined by WHO, and the criteria and package of care for each option, for consideration by policy makers and governments in African countries. Moving forward, African countries should generate local evidence to guide the development of realistic home-grown strategies, protocol and equipment for the management of COVID-19 cases on the continent.
简介:AbstractImmunotherapy has dramatically altered the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Currently, the emergence of combination strategies in immunotherapy has brightened the prospects of improved clinical outcomes and manageable safety profiles in the first/second-line settings. However, sub-optimal response rates are still observed in several clinical trials. Hence, alternative combination models and candidate selection strategies need to be explored. Herein, we have critically reviewed and commented on the published data from several clinical trials, including combined immunotherapy and chemotherapy, anti-angiogenic agents, epidermal growth factor receptor/anaplastic lymphoma kinase tyrosine kinase inhibitors, radiotherapy, and other immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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