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简介：Fractionalpyrolysisandone-steppyrolysisofnaturalalgaeCyanobacteriafromTaihuLakewerecomparativelystudiedfrom200to500°C.One-steppyrolysisproducedbio-oilwithcomplexcompositionandlowhighheatingvalue(HHV30.9MJ/kg).FractionalpyrolysisseparatedthedegradationofdifferentcomponentsinCyanobacteriaandimprovedtheselectivitytoproductsinbio-oil.Thatis,acidsat200°C,amidesandacidsat300°C,phenolsandnitrilesat400°C,andphenolsat500°C,weregotasmainproducts,respectively.HZSM-5couldpromotethedehydration,crackingandaromatizationofpyrolyticintermediatesinfractionalpyrolysis.AtoptimalHZSM-5catalystdosageof1.0g,theselectivitytoproductsandthequalityofbio-oilwereimprovedobviously.Themainproductsinbio-oilchangedtonitriles(47.2%)at300°C,indoles(51.3%)andphenols(36.3%)at400°C.Theoxygencontentwasreducedto7.2wt%and9.4wt%,andtheHHVwasraisedto38.1and37.3MJ/kgat300and400°C,respectively.Fractionalcatalyticpyrolysiswasproposedtobeanefficientmethodnotonlytoprovideapotentialsolutionforalleviatingenvironmentalpressurefromwaterblooms,butalsotoimprovetheselectivitytoproductsandobtainhighqualitybio-oil.

简介：SINOPECResearchInstituteofPetroleumProcessing(RIPP)hasdevelopedthedieselengineoilAPICJ-4,afterhavingpassedthe9enginetestsrequiredbytherelevantAPIspecificationstofillChina’sgapintheindependentdevelopmentofformulationsfordieselengineoilCJ-4,whichisasuccessfulattemptinbreakingtheforeigncompanies’technicalmonopolyonhigh-gradedieselengineoils.

简介：TheslidingfrictionandwearbehaviorsofMg–11Y–5Gd–2Zn–0.5Zr(wt%)alloywereinvestigatedunderoillubricantconditionbypin-on-diskconfigurationwithaconstantslidingdistanceof1,000minthetemperaturerangeof25–200°C.Resultsindicatethatthevolumetricwearratesandaveragefrictioncoefficientsdecreasewiththeincreaseofslidingspeeds,andincreasewiththeincreaseoftesttemperaturebelow150°C.ThehardandthermallystableMg12(Y,Gd)Znphasewithlong-periodstackingorderstructureinthealloypresentssignificantwearresistance.Thewearmechanismbelow100°Cisabrasivewearasaresultofplasticextrusiondeformation.Thecorporateeffectsofsevereabrasive,oxidative,anddelaminatingwearresultinthetribologicalmechanismabove100°C.

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简介：作者在这工业使用了二个普通方法，我。e。“消费系数方法”和“弹性系数趋势方法”，在2010预报精制的油产品需求。通过分析并且比较二预报结果，对在2010的完成的产品油的要求一年将在220～240百万吨的范围，这被投射。另外，从关于总数的担心给产品消费上油在2020超过6亿吨/年，作者提出针对油产品的保存和其他的燃料的申请的建议和措施。

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简介：ThepolycrystallinephaseWO3/g-C3N4wassynthesizedunderstirringusingtungstenicacid(H2WO4)andgraphiticcarbonnitride(g-C3N4)asrawmaterials.ThecatalystwascharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD),scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),energydispersivespectroscopy(EDS),theFouriertransforminfraredspectroscopy(FT-IR),andtheBrunauer-Emmett-Telleranalysis(BET).ThepolycrystallinephaseWO3/g-C3N4wasdeterminedbyXRDtechnique.TheoxidativedesulfurizationprocesswasinvestigatedusingWO3/g-C3N4asthecatalyst,30%hydrogenperoxide(H202)astheoxidant,and1-butyl-3-methylimidazoliumtetrafluoroborate([bmim]BF4)ionicliquids(ILs)astheextractant.Theoperatingconditions,includingH2WO4amount,ILdose,H2O2volume,temperature,catalystdosage,andtypesofsulfurcompounds,weresystematicallyresearched.Thedesulfurizationratecouldreach98.46%forremovingdibenzothiophene(DBT)fromthemodeloilunderoptimalreactionconditions.Inaddition,thecatalyticactivitywasslightlydecreasedafterfiverecyclesofcatalysts.Thereactionkineticsanalysisshowsthattheoxidativedesulfurizationsystemwasinaccordwiththefirst-orderreactionkineticsequation.Themechanismofoxidativedesulfurizationwasproposed.

简介：1.ObjectiveAseriesofMesozoic-CenozoiccontinentalsedimentarybasinsexistinNorthChina,coexistingwithcoal,oil/gas,andsaltresources.Manypreviousdrillingprojectshavebeenconductedwithinthesebasinstoexplorecoal,petroleum,andmineralresources,however,thesedatahavenotbeenintegratedduetodifferentindustriesowners.Inordertoefficientlyexplorethelarge-sized,easilyextracted,andenvironmentallyfriendly,sandstone-typeuraniumdeposits,previouscoalandoilexplorationdrilling-holedataaresystematicallycollected,processed,andanalyzedtoimprovethesandstone-typeuraniumprospectingexploitation.Atthesametime,wealsodiscussedtheuraniumsource,ore-formingprocessandmodelforthesandstone-typeuraniumdeposits.

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简介：ThemoleculartransformationsofcarboxylicacidsinheavyacidicSLcrudebeforeandaftertrueboilingpointdistillationwereexaminedbyultra-highresolutionnegative-ionelectrosprayionization(ESI)Fouriertransformioncyclotronresonancemassspectrometry(FT-ICRMS).Theacidclass(heteroatomnumber),type(znumbers)andcarbonnumberdistributionswerepositivelycharacterized.Itwasfoundoutthatthetotalacidnumber(TAN)ofSLcrudedecreasedaftertrueboilingpointdistillation,andtheabundanceofO2classinmassspectrawasalsofoundtobereducedfrom67.6%to34.5%inSLTBPmixedcrudeasmeasuredbyMSspectra,indicatingtoapotentialcarboxylicaciddecomposition.However,itwasinterestingthatthecarboxylicacidstypedistributioninbothoilswasalmostthesamealthoughtheirrelativeabundanceinSLTBPmixedcrudeturnedtobemuchlower,suggestingthatvariouspetroleumcarboxylicacidtypeshavethesimilarthermaldecompositionreactionbehavior.Furthermore,foreachO2typeofacidsinSLTBPmixedcrude,theabundanceofcarboxylicacidswithcarbonnumberhigherthan35wasreducedgreatly,especiallyforthosewithcarbonnumberhigherthan60,themasspeaksofwhichwerenearlytotallyremoved,indicatingthatthelargecarboxylicacidmoleculesinheavyfractionsdecomposedmoresignificantlybecauseoflongerheatingtimeduringthetrueboilingpointdistillationprocess.Asaresult,thereductionofTANmaybecausedbythethermaldecompositionofcarboxylicacidsespeciallythosewithhighcarbonnumber,suggestingthatquickdistillationormuchlowerpressureisrequiredtoavoidthethermaldecomposition.

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简介：[摘 要] 随着经济飞速发展，社会对于石油等化石能源的依赖程度越来越高，长输管道作为其重要运输载体得到迅猛发展。然而管道的腐蚀问题作为影响输油管道的安全稳定使用的最大因素，逐渐被相关部门列为重点关注问题。本文以油气管道为对象，结合石油管道所面临的主要腐蚀环境，分析影响管道腐蚀的主要因素，进一步探讨管道相关防腐措施，提升管道的防腐质量，延长管道的运行寿命。

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简介：Thisexperimentusedwhole-cellpatch-clamptechniquetoinvestigatethecourseofrecoveryfromuse-dependentblockofNa+channels(Nav1.5)inhumanembryonickidney(HEK)cells,onwhichtoverifytheeffectsofvolatileoilofNardostachychinesisBatal(Gansong).MethodsTwopulsesgeneratedbycomputerfollowedbyarecoverypulseandatestpulse,theintervaldurationbetweenthetwopulsesvariedfrom16msto1s,andholdingpotentialis-80mVto-140mV.ThepeakNa+currentforagivenrecoverytimewasnormalizedtothefullyrecoveredpeakcurrent,andthenormalizedvaluewastheplotasafunctionoftherecoverytimetostudytheeffectsof3ppmconcentrationGansongvolatileoilonrecoveryfromuse-dependentblockofNav1.5inHEK.ResultsItshowedthatGansonggroup,comparingwithcontrolgroup,delayedthetimecoursesofrecoveryfromuse-dependentblock[(33.2±5.77)msforcontrolgroupand(52.5±6.08)msfor3ppmGansonggroup,P<0.05].InthepresenceofGansong,inhibitionoftheNa+currentwasenhancedbyincreasingfrequencyofdepolarizingpulsefrom56.5msto16ms.Inthecontrolgroup,thetimecourseofrecoveryshowedthatrecoverystartedat19.5msandfinishedby36.5ms.InthepresenceofGansong,thetimecourseofrecoveryshowedthatrecoverystartedat36.5msandfinishedby56.5ms.Na+currentsrecoveredfromtheuse-dependentblockvaryingwithholdingpotential(holdingpotential-dependent).ConclusionsTheresultssuggestedthatNa+currentsrecoveredfromtheuse-dependentblockcorrelatedwithpersistenttime,holdingpotential.TheGansongvolatileoilhasinhibitiveeffectontheNa+currentrecovery.

简介：摘要： 本文针对海上采油平台井下作业连续油管作业的常见类型进行了列举，结合海上平台的特点及常见作业的特点进行了可能出现的井控事件分析，对井控演习预案及应急逃生方案进行了研究。