简介：BACKGROUND:Nerveallograftrejectionisanunavoidableproblemfornerveallografts.Traumaticperipheralnerveinjuriesarecommonlyreconstructedusingautogenousnervegrafts.However,thisformofreconstructionislimitedbyinsufficientautologousnervesforlargegaprepairsandbymorbidityatthenervedonorsite.OBJECTIVE:ToexaminesciaticnerveregenerationandimmunetolerancereactionafterintragastricadministrationofultravioletB-irradiated(UVB)donorsplenocytes.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:Acompleterandomizedgroupingdesignandcontrolledexperiment.TheexperimentswereconductedintheDepartmentofOrthopedics,theFirstAffiliatedHospitaltoShanxiMedicalUniversity,China,betweenMarchandOctober2007.MATERIALS:FourteenadultmaleSDratsandfourteenmaleWistarrats,weighing250–300g,wererandomlymatchedasdonorsandacceptors.AfurthersevenmaleSDrats(weight250–300g,age12–16weeks)wereusedfornerveisografts.ImmunepreparationsandtheEpicsXLflowcytometerwerepurchasedfromB-DCompany,USA.Acomputer-assistedelectromyographmachinewasprovidedbyKeypointP,DantelCompany,Denmark.METHODS:SplenocytesfromWistarratswereisolated,purified,andcultured,andthenirradiatedwithultravioletB.Inthefirstcontrolgroup(Group1),theSDratsreceivedasyngeneicSDnerveisograft.Inthesecondcontrolgroup(Group2),theSDratsreceivedanerveallograftfromWistarratswithoutpretreatment.Intheoral-tolerancetreatedgroup(Group3),theSDrecipientratswereinoculatedwith2.5×107LewisUVB-irradiateddonorsplenocytecellsbyintestinaltractadministrationatsevendaysbeforetransplantation.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:(1)Therecentendandthemiddleanddistalendofthetransplantednervewerecutat8and12weeksafteroperation.RecoveryofnerveregenerationwasmeasuredwithHEstainingusingthetotalnumber,density,anddiameterofthenervefibers.(2)ThelevelofCD25+Tlymphocytesinperipheralbloodwasdetec