简介：AIM:Tofindouttheoutcomeoflaserphotocoagulationinclinicallysignificantmacularedema(CSME)byopticalcoherencetomography(OCT).·METHODS:Itwasaprospective,non-controlled,caseseriesstudyenrolling81eyesof64patientswithCSMEbetweenAugust2008andJanuary2010.AllpatientsreceivedmodifiedgridphotocoagulationwithfrequencydoubledNd:YAGlaser.Eachpatientwasevaluatedintermsofbest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)andregressionorprogressionofmaculopathyafterlasertherapyat1,3and6months.Spearman’scorrelationtestwasusedtoshowthecorrelationbetweenBCVAandtotalmacularvolume(TMV).Analysisofvariance(ANOVA)wasusedtocompareamonggroupsandindependentt-testwasusedtocompareineachgroup.·RESULTS:ThereishighcorrelationbetweenBCVAandTMV(P≤0.001).BCVAimprovedin50.6%,remainedstaticin39.5%anddeterioratedin9.9%patientsafter6monthoftreatment.TheBaselineTMV(meanandSD)were9.26±1.83,10.4±2.38,11.5±3.05,8.89±0.75and9.47±1.98mm3fordifferentOCTpatterns,ST(spongelikethickening),CMO(cystoidmacularedema),SFD(subfovealdetachment),VMIA(Vitreomacularinterfaceabnormality)andaverageTMVrespectively(P=0.04).After6monthsoflasertreatment,themeanTMVdecreasedfrom9.47±1.98mm3to8.77±1.31mm3(P=0.01).InSTtherewassignificantdecreaseinTMV,P=0.01,Furtherwithinthesegroupsat6months,theyweresignificantlydifferent,P=0.01.·CONCLUSION:OCTshowedthedifferentmorphologicalvariantofCSMEwhiletheresponseoftreatmentisdifferent.TMVdecreasedthemostandhenceshowedtheimprovementinvisionafter6monthsoflasertreatment.IntheeraofAntivascularendothelialgrowthfactors(VEGFs),efficacyoflaserseemstobeinshadowbutitisstillfirstlineoftreatmentindevelopingnationlikeNepalwhereantiVEGFsmaynotbeeasilyavailableandaffordable.

简介：Eales病是一种主要累及青年男性周边视网膜血管的特发性炎症.近年来研究表明其发生可能与结核等全身疾病、免疫机制、氧化反应等有关.针对不同的病程,采用药物、激光、或玻璃体视网膜手术等治疗措施可获得较满意的视功能恢复.

简介：近一半的糖尿病患者不知道自己状态的风险糖尿病已在全球范围内流行起来，据国际糖尿病协会（IDF）估计，全球有近4亿多成人罹患糖尿病。没有哪个国家可以幸免：70％的糖尿病患者生活在不发达及欠发达国家。

简介：目的通过观察中药川芎嗪联合西药氨基胍治疗对糖尿病早期大鼠视网膜组织醛糖还原酶(aldosereductase,AR)和一氧化氮合酶(nitricoxidesynthase,NOS)含量的影响,探讨中西药治疗糖尿病视网膜病(dirabeticretinopathy,DR)的治疗机制.方法选择健康成年雄性SD大鼠,随机分成正常对照组、糖尿病组、糖尿病川芎嗪治疗组、糖尿病氨基胍治疗组和糖尿病川芎嗪联合氨基胍治疗组.一次性腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)诱发糖尿病模型,于第90d测定各组大鼠视网膜组织AR和NOS含量.结果糖尿病川芎嗪治疗组、糖尿病氨基胍治疗组和糖尿病川芎嗪联合氨基胍治疗组的大鼠视网膜组织AR和NOS含量低于糖尿病组、糖尿病川芎嗪联合氨基胍治疗组的大鼠视网膜组织AR和NOS含量低于糖尿病川芎嗪治疗组和糖尿病氨基胍治疗组.结论结合以往观察的川芎嗪联合氨基胍治疗对大鼠眼底和视网膜组织学的影响结果,川芎嗪和氨基胍可通过降低糖尿病早期大鼠视网膜AR和NOS含量而防治DR,联合用药效果更佳.

简介：AIM:Tostudyclinicalfeaturesandgenemutationswithinthepaired-likehomeodomaintranscriptionfactor2(PITX2)geneinapedigreeofbilaterallimbaldermoids.METHODS:Completeeyeexaminationshavebeenperformedoneachindividualofthefamily.Exonsofpaired-likehomeodomaintranscriptionfactor2(PITX2)wereamplifiedbypolymerasechainreaction,sequenced,andcomparedwithareferencedatabase.RESULTS:Wedescribedthephenotype,clinicfindingsinafamilywithtwoaffectedmembers.Themassesoftheproband’seyeswereexcisedsurgicallydemonstratingadermoidcystbyhistopathologicalexamination.NomutationwasdetectedinthegenePITX2inthispedigree.CONCLUSION:Afamilyoflimbaldermoidcystwasreported.Inaddition,nopathogenicsequencevariationswerefoundinPITX2,indicatingthatthisphenotypeinthisfamilyisadistinctiveentity.

简介：眼遗传病中有些是单基因遗传病，有些是多基因遗传病。有些眼遗传病的发病还需要特定的环境因子或表观遗传学与致病基因共同作用。致病基因和致病突变位点都存在异质性，而且不同地域或民族间有较大差异。近年来，很多与眼遗传病相关的致病基因或致病突变位点被相继报道，这些已知的致病突变位点可作为基因标记，用于眼遗传病的临床基因诊断、症状前诊断和产前诊断。本文主要关注常见眼遗传病的基因标记，介绍眼遗传病分子诊断的常用技术，并讨论如何建立较规范和完善的眼遗传病分子诊断体系。

简介：AIM:Topresenttheoutcomeofmodifiedgridlaserphotocoagulation(GLP)indiffusediabeticmacularedema(DDME)ineyeswithoutextrafovealand/orvitreofovealtraction.METHODS:InclusioncriteriafortheretrospectivestudywereDDMEeyesofpatientswithtypeⅡdiabetesmellitusthathad≥4monthsoffollow-upfollowingGLP.Onlyoneeyeperpatientwasanalyzed.Using3-Dspectral-domainopticalcoherencetomography(3-DSDOCT),eyesthathadeitherextrafovealorvitreofovealtraction,orhadbeenpreviouslytreatedbyanintravitrealmedication(s)wereexcluded.TreatedDDMEeyesweredividedinto4groups:A)'Classic'DDMEthatinvolvedthecentralmacula;B)edemadidnotinvolvethemacularcenter;C)eyesassociatedwithcentralepiretinalmembrane(ERM);D)DDMEthatwasassociatedwithmacularcapillarydropout≥2disc-diameter(DD).RESULTS:GLPoutcomein35DDMEeyesafter4-24(mean,13.1±6.9)monthswasasfollows:GroupA)18eyeswith'classic'DDME.Followingoneor2(mean,1.2)GLPtreatments,best-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)improvedby1-2Snellenlinesin44.4%(8/18)ofeyes,andworsenedby1linein11.1%(2/18).Centralmacularthickness(CMT)improvedby7%-49%(mean,26.6%)in77.8%(14/18)ofeyes.CausesofCMTworsening(n=4)werecommonlyexplainable,predominantly(n=3)associatedwithemergenceofextrafovealtraction,5-9monthspost-GLP.GroupB)GLP(s)inDDMEthatdidnotinvolvethemacularcenter(n=6)resultedinimprovedBCVAby1-2linesin2eyes.However,thecentralmaculabecameinvolvedintheedemaprocessaftertheGLPin3(50%)eyes,associatedwithanemergenceofextrafovealtractioninoneoftheseeyes4monthsfollowingtheGLP.GroupC)GLPfailedinall5eyesassociatedwithcentralERM.GroupD)GLPwasofpartialbenefitin2of6treatedeyeswithmacularcapillarydropout≥2DD.CONCLUSION:EyeswithDDMEthatinvolvedthemacularcenterwerefoundtoachievefavourableoutcomesafterGLP(s)duringmid-termfollow-up,unlesscomplicatedpre-GLPorpost-GLPbyvltreoretinalinterfaceabnormalities,oftenextrafovealtra

简介：目的：对比23G和25G＋微创玻璃体切割术对增生性糖尿病视网膜病（proliferativediabeticretinopathy,PDR）的治疗效果。方法：选取2013-11/2016-05于我院眼科行玻璃体切割术治疗的128例195眼PDR患者,随机分为两组,25G＋组64例97眼,23G组64例98眼。25G＋组应用25G＋玻璃体切割术,23G组应用23G玻璃体切割术。两组患者术后随访时间分别为1d,1wk,1mo。比较两组手术时间,术前及术后的眼压、最佳矫正视力及医源性损伤、并发症发生情况。结果：25G＋组手术时间短于23G组（P〈0.05）;两组患者术后1mo的视力分布均显著优于本组术前的视力分布（P〈0.01）;两组同期的视力分布没有统计学差异（P〉0.05）。25G＋组术前的眼压分别与手术1d,1wk,1mo的眼压比较,差异均没有统计学意义（P〉0.05）;23G组亦然。两组同期的眼压比较也无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。25G＋组的医源性损伤率为4.1%,显著低于23G组的13.3%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。25G＋组的术后并发症发生率为3.1%,显著低于23G组的11.2%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：23G和25G＋玻璃体切割术均可安全有效地治疗PDR,但是25G＋微创玻璃体切割术在缩短手术时间、减少医源性损伤及并发症发生率方面显示出更好的优势,是治疗PDR的更好选择。

简介：糖尿病黄斑水肿是损害视力主要的原因之一,发病机制主要为血管渗透性增加或色素上皮层转运功能失衡。诊断主要通过眼底血管造影和光学相干断层扫描。治疗方法有激光光凝、玻璃体切割和药物治疗,能减轻黄斑水肿,但其远期疗效仍存在一定争议。目前采用的药物治疗主要有玻璃体腔注射糖皮质激素、新生血管因子及蛋白激酶C-β抑制剂等,还需大样本临床研究进一步观察。随着糖尿病黄斑水肿研究的深入,中医药的治疗也越来越多。

简介：喉真菌病亦称真菌性喉炎，在临床上较少见，本科收治喉真菌病4例，现报告如下。

简介：糖尿病已成为我国主要的公共卫生问题,糖尿病性视网膜病变（diabeticretinopathy,DR）是一种严重的致盲眼病,如不及时治疗将会造成不可逆的永久性损害。

简介：AIM:Todescribethedesignandpreliminaryresultsofthehospitalbasedepidemiologicalstudyfordiabeticretinopathy(HBESDR),anongoingepidemiologicalstudytoestimatetheprevalenceofdiabeticretinopathy(DR)andtoelucidatetheclinical,anthropometric,biochemicalandanyotherriskfactorsassociatedwithdiabeticretinopathy.METHODS:Totally2000diabeteswillberecruitedfromtheDiabeteseyeclinicintheFirstAffiliatedHospitalofChinaMedicalUniversity.AllsubjectsunderwentbloodsugarestimationandOralGlucoseToleranceTesttodiagnosediabetes.Alldiabeteswouldundergocompletequestionnaire,acomprehensiveeyeexamination.Bloodandurinewouldbecollectedforbiochemicalinvestigations.AllfundusphotographsforanyDRwillbegraded.Participantswhoneedtreatmentwillbesenttotheophthalmicclinicandfollow-upintervalprogramforallsubjectswillbesuggested.Acomputerizeddatabaseiscreatedfortherecords.RESULTS:Todate,1174diabeteshavebeenrecruited,therewere350(29.81%)DRinalldiabetes,mostofthemwerewithmildnon-proliferativediabeticretinopathy(NPDR)(139,39.71%);71(20.29%)moderateNPDR,66(18.86%)severeNPDR,74(21.14%)proliferativediabeticretinopathy(PDR).Females,longerdurationofdiabetes,familyhistoryofdiabetesandhypertensionhadastatisticallysignificantincreaseinriskofanyDR.CONCLUSION:ThestudyisexpectedtoprovideanestimateoftheoverallprevalenceofDRandtheprevalencewithdifferentdurationofdiabetesandalsoabetterunderstandingoftheriskfactorsassociatedwithDR.

简介：视网膜有髓神经纤维合并高度近视参差性弱视是以视网膜有髓神经纤维合并患高度近视、屈光参差性弱视为主要特征的一组综合征,多发于单眼,可严重威胁患者的视力和视功能.目前其原因不详,症状的进展规律尚不明确,治疗效果和预后各异.近年来随着眼科诊疗技术的进步,对视网膜有髓神经纤维合并高度近视参差性弱视的研究取得了一定进展.本文就视网膜有髓神经纤维合并高度近视参差性弱视的最新研究进展加以综述.

简介：<正>DirSir,IamdoctorGuo-YuanYang,fromtheDepartmentofOphthalmologyofWestChinaHospitalofSichuanUniversityinChengdu,SichuanProvince,China.Iwritetopresentacasereportofposteriorlentiglobuswithcataract.

简介：糖尿病性黄斑水肿（diabeticmacularedema,DME）是导致糖尿病视网膜病变患者视力下降的主要原因之一,作者对近年来糖尿病性黄斑水肿的定义、分类、发病机制以及不同药物治疗等有关报道进行了综述。随着对各种药物不断深入地研究,糖尿病性黄斑水肿可得到及时治疗。使糖尿病患者的视力受到保护。

简介：眼外伤是一重要的、致残性的健康问题,可导致眼部重要结构和功能的持久性改变.无论是在发达国家,还是发展中国家,眼外伤的发生都会给个人、家庭和社会带来极大的损失.了解眼外伤的流行病学状况,对于眼外伤的防治非常重要.在国际眼外伤登记(WorldEyeInjuryRegistry,WEIR)尚未报道标准化的国际眼外伤流行病学资料之前,现将部分国家分别进行的眼外伤流行病学调查资料作一概述,同时强调预防儿童眼外伤的重要性.

简介：<正>DearSir,IamProf.BeuyJoobfromSanitation1MedicalAcademicCenter,Bangkok,Thailand.Iwritetodiscusstherecentpublicationonproteomicanalysisindiabeticretinopathy(DR).Liuetal[1]concludedthattheirapproachbytwodimensionalfluorescencedifferencegelelectrophoresis(2D-DIGE)combinedwithmatrix-assistedlaser

简介：耳真菌病是由耳道皮肤毛囊浅部真菌感染所致,主要侵犯皮肤的角质层,造成大量上皮脱落,出现耳痒、耳痛、流水、听力障碍等症状。其发病率并不低,但临床上误诊、误治情况却屡见不鲜。现将我科2003年8月~2013年8月,门诊确诊、治疗及随访的360例耳真菌的病例总结分析,报告如下。1资料与方法1.1资料耳真菌病患者360例,其中男性243例、女性117例;年龄4~92岁,平均45岁;病程6d~6个月;

简介：患者，女，31岁，孕29wk。以“体检时发现人免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）抗体（＋）4mo，WBC下降1wk”入院。患者在孕10wk查体时发现HIV抗体（＋），除自觉倦怠外，无其他不适。2mo前查：CD420个／L，予HAART（叠氮胸苷＋拉米呋定＋耐伟抗平）治疗。入院查体：WBC0．8×10^9／L，Hb100g／L。

简介：<正>患者女性,47岁,怀孕时起全身皮肤大小不一的结节隆起,以面部躯干部较为集中,而四肢稀少。诊断为神经纤维瘤病。患者自幼视力不佳,目前以左眼出现视力模糊症状一月就诊,无其它眼部不适症状。