简介:Severalcrosslinkedprotonexchangemembraneswithhighprotonconductivitiesandlowmethanolpermeabilitycoefficientswereprepared,basedonthesulfonatedpoly[(4-fluorophenoxy)(phenoxy)]phosphazene(SPFPP)andnewlysynthesizedwatersolublesulfonatedpoly(cyclophosphazene)(SPCP)containingclusteredflexiblependantsulfonicacids.ThestructureofSPCPwascharacterizedbyfouriertransforminfraredspectroscopy(FTIR)and~1HNMRspectra.ThemembranesshowedmoderateprotonconductivitiesandmuchlowermethanolpermeabilitycoefficientswhencomparedtoNafion117.Transmissionelectronmicroscopy(TEM)resultsindicatedthewell-definedphaseseparationbetweenthelocallyanddenselysulfonatedunitsandhydrophobicunits,whichinducedefficientprotonconduction.IncomparisonwithSPFPPmembrane,theprotonconductivities,oxidativestabilitiesandmechanicalpropertiesofcrosslinkedmembranesremarkablywereimproved.TheselectivityvaluesofallthecrosslinkedmembraneswerealsomuchhigherthanthatofNafion117(0.74×10~5S·s/cm~3).TheseresultssuggestedthatthecSPFPP/SPCPmembraneswerepromisingcandidatematerialsforprotonexchangemembraneindirectmethanolfuelcells.
简介:ThispaperappliestheEXP-functionmethodtofindexactsolutionsofvariousnonlinearequations.Tzitzeica-Dodd-Bullough(TDB)equationwasselectedtoillustratetheeffectivenessandconvenienceofthesuggestedmethod.Moregeneralizedsolitonarysolutionswithfreeparameterswereobtainedbysuitablechoiceofthefreeparameters,andalsotheobtainedsolitonarysolutionscanbeconvertedintoperiodicsolutions.
简介:Inthispaper,theenergy,equilibriumgeometry,andharmonicfrequencyofthegroundelectronicstateofPO2arecomputedusingtheB3LYP,B3P86,CCSD(T),andQCISD(T)methodsinconjunctionwiththe6-311++G(3df,3pd)andcc-pVTZbasissets.AcomparisonbetweenthecomputationalresultsandtheexperimentalvaluesindicatesthattheB3P86/6-311++G(3df,3pd)methodcangivebetterenergycalculationresultsforthePO2molecule.ItisshownthatthegroundstateofthePO2moleculehasC2vsymmetryanditsgroundelectronicstateisX2A1.TheequilibriumparametersofthestructureareRPO=0.1465nm,∠OPO=134.96°,andthedissociationenergyisEd=19.218eV.Thebentvibrationalfrequencyν1=386cm-1,symmetricstretchingfrequencyν2=1095cm-1,andasymmetricstretchingfrequencyν3=1333cm-1areobtained.Onthebasisofatomicandmolecularreactionstatics,areasonabledissociationlimitforthegroundstateofthePO2moleculeisdetermined.ThentheanalyticpotentialenergyfunctionofthePO2moleculeisderivedusingmany-bodyexpansiontheory.ThepotentialcurvescorrectlyreproducetheconfigurationsandthedissociationenergyforthePO2molecule.
简介:Apreviouslypublishednewrotationfunctionhasbeenimprovedbyusingadynamiccorrelationcoefficientaswellastwonewscoringfunctionsofrelativeentropyandmean-square-residuestomaketherotationfunctionmorerobustandindependentofaspecificsetofweightsforscoringandranking.ThepreviouslydescribednewrotationfunctioncalculatestherotationfunctionofmolecularreplacementbymatchingthesearchmodeldirectlywiththePattersonvectormap.Thesignal-to-noiseratioforthecorrectmatchwasincreasedbyaveragingallthematchingpeaks.Severalmatchingscoreswereemployedtoevaluatethegoodnessofmatching.Thesematchingscoreswerethencombinedintoasingletotalscorebyoptimizingasetofweightsusingthelinearregressionmethod.Itwasfoundthatthereexistsanoptimalsetofweightsthatcanbeappliedtotheglobalrotationsearchandthecorrectsolutioncanberankedinthetop100orless.However,thissetofoptimalweightsingeneralisdependentonthesearchmodelsandthecrystalstructureswithdifferentspacegroupsandcellparameters.Inthiswork,wetrytosolvethisproblembydesigningadynamiccorrelationcoefficient.Itisshownthatthedynamiccorrelationcoefficientworksforavarietyofspacegroupsandcellparametersintheglobalsearchofrotationfunction.Wealsointroducetwonewmatchingscores:relativeentropyandmean-square-residues.Lastbutnotleast,wediscussedavalidmethodfortheoptimizationoftheadjustableparametersformatchingvectors.
简介:Amicroturbo-expandercapableofhighworkingspeedwasspeciallymanufacturedforuseinanorganicRankinecycle(ORC).Aseriesoftestswereexecutedtoexaminetheperformanceofthemachine.Intheexperiment,themachinewastestedunderdifferentinletpressureconditions(0.2-0.5MPa).Datasuchasthecompressedairpressure,temperaturesoftheinletandtheoutlet,rotationalspeed,andelectricpowergenerationwereanalyzedtodiscoverunderlyingrelationships.Duringthetest,therotationalspeedofthemachinereachedashighas54000r/min,thepeakvalueofthetemperaturedropbetweentheinletandtheoutletreached42℃,themaximumelectricpowergeneratedbythemotor-generatorattachedtothemachinereached630W,andtheefficiencyofthemachinereached0.43.
简介:我们把tanh函数方法与对称组方法相结合构造Davey-Stewartson方程和implemente的解决方案的新类型它在一台计算机代数学的系统。作为结果,答案的一些新类型被获得。如果非线性的进化方程承认转变的重要one-parametergroup,这个方法也被用于另外的微分方程。
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简介:Byusingthemodifiedmappingmethod,wefindsomenewexactsolutionsofthegeneralizedBoussinesqequationandtheBoussinesq-Burgersequation.ThesolutionsobtainedinthispaperincludeJacobianellipticfunctionsolutions,combinedJacobianellipticfunctionsolutions,solitonsolutions,triangularfunctionsolutions.
简介:Inthisletterthethree-dimensionalnonlinearHelmholtzequationisinvestigated,whichdescribeselectro-magneticwavepropagationinanonlinearKerr-typemediumsuchthatsixteenfamiliesofnewJacobiellipticfunctionsolutionsareobtained,byusingourextendedJacobianellipticfunctionexpansionmethod.Whenthemodulusm→1or0,thecorrespondingsolitarywavesincludingbrightsolitons,darksolitonsandnewlinesolitonsandsinglyperiodicsolutionscanbealsofound.
简介:Weproposeanultra-simpledual-channelconfigurationforsimultaneouslyevaluatingtwobranchesofamultifunctionalintegratedopticchip(MFIOC).Intheconfiguration,theMFIOCisemployedasabeamsplittertoconstructthedemodulationinterferometertogetherwitha2×2fibercoupler.InterferencehappensbetweenpolarizationmodestravelingthroughdifferentchannelsoftheMFIOC.Thecross-couplingsofeachchannelarerespectivelycharacterizedbytheinterferencepeakswhichdistributeonoppositesidesofthecentralinterferencepeak.TemperatureresponsesoftheMFIOCareexperimentallymeasuredfrom-40°Cto80°C.Resultsshowthattheproposedconfigurationcanachievesimultaneousdual-channeltransientmeasurementswithresolutionof-90dBanddynamicrangeof90dB.Inaddition,thetwochannelsoftheconfigurationhaveconsistentmeasuringperformance,andthetwobranchesoftheMFIOChavedifferentresponsestotemperaturevariation.
简介:Inordertoinvestigatethefiresuppressioneffectivenessofwatermistwithmetalchlorideadditives,ultrafinewatermistsofthesesaltswithdiametersabout10μmwereintroducedintoCH4/airnon-premixedflameinthecupburner.Resultsshowedthatthesedropletshardtomakeitselftotheflamefrontunderthecupburnerflowconditionsfunctionedasacarrierofthevaporizedsolidparticlesoritsdecomposedmaterials.Themetalchlorideimprovedfiresuppressionefficacyofwatermistwhichwereaffectedbythetypeandconcentrationofmetalchloride.Onamassbasis,thereisafiresuppressioneffectivenessrelationshipofMgCl2
简介:Room-temperaturetestwithhighpowerisanessentialstepbeforecouplersareinstalledonsuperconductingcavities.Anewroom-temperatureteststandisbeingdesignedatIMP.ThenewstandwillbeassembledwithaNC(normal-conducting)QWRcavity.Thepowerlossonthecavitywhencouplersareconditionedintraveling-wavemodehastobethoroughlyevaluated.Fig.1demonstratesthepowerflowintraveling-waveconditioningmode.Pe1andPe2representthepowerthatisextractedbycouplers.PfandPredenotetheforwardpowerandreflectedpower,respectively.
简介:CrystallineTiO2(P25)andisolatedtitanatespeciesinaZSM-5structure(TS-1)weremodifiedwithAuandAg,respectively,andtestedinthegas-phasephotocatalyticCO2reductionunderhighpurityconditions.Thenoblemetalmodificationwasperformedbyphotodeposition.LightabsorbancepropertiesofthecatalystsareexaminedwithUV–Visspectroscopybeforeandaftertheactivitytest.Inthegas-phasephotocatalyticCO2reduction,itwasobservedthatthecatalystswithAgnanostructuresaremoreactivethanthosewithAunanostructures.Itisthusfoundthattheenergeticdifferencebetweenthebandgapenergyofthesemiconductorandthepositionoftheplasmonisinfluencingthephotocatalyticactivity.Potentially,plasmonexcitationduetovisiblelightabsorptionresultsinplasmonresonanceenergy,whichaffectstheexcitationofthesemiconductorpositively.Therefore,anoverlapbetweenbandgapenergyofthesemiconductorandmetalplasmonisneeded.