简介:目的探讨OSA-18量表评价儿童睡眠呼吸紊乱严重程度的价值。方法我科收治的疑似阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructivesleepapneahypopneasyndrome,OSAHS)儿童患者160例,均行多道睡眠描记术(polysomnography,PSG)监测。采用OSA-18评估患儿的生活质量。分析确诊为OSAHS患儿的呼吸暂停低通气指数(apneahypopneaindex,AHI)和最低血氧饱和度(10westoxygensaturation,LSaO2)与OSA-18评分的相关性。结果确诊OSAHS患者123例,单纯鼾症37例。OSAHS患者的OSA-18评分与AHI及LSaO2的相关系数分别为0.615和-0.496,P〈0.05。单纯鼾症及轻中度OSAHS患者各组间OSA-18中位数差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05);重度OSAHS患者OSA-18中位数为91.0,高于单纯鼾症及轻、中度OSAHS患者(OSA-18评分依次为64.0、76.0和87.0,P〈0.05)。以LSaO2为依据对OSAHS患者进行分组,发现无低氧血症组及轻、中度低氧血症患者各组间OSA-18中位数差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05),重度低氧血症患者OSA-18中位数为93.0,高于无低氧血症组及轻、中度低氧血症患者(OSA-18评分依次为69.0、81.0和89.0,P〈0.05)。结论OSA-18评分与PSG存在相关关系,在不同程度睡眠呼吸紊乱中有差异,可作为临床诊断儿童OSAHS的评价指标。(中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2011,11:19-21)
简介:目的评价海德堡视网膜断层扫描仪黄斑区视网膜分析系统(macularedemamodule,MEM)的三个技术参数,了解其变异性及可重复性来判断其临床应用价值。方法对78例(78只眼)正常健康志愿者应用海德堡视网膜断层扫描仪黄斑区视网膜分析系统进行检查。分析扫描深度值(Z)、视网膜信号宽度值(W)、水肿指数值(E)三参数的均值及变异系数,并分析黄斑反射图、地形图、信号宽度图、水肿指数图的图像特征。结果黄斑中心0.5mm范围内视网膜扫描深度均值(Z)为1.4430848,变异系数55.6%。W值为795.27±193.53,变异系数17.6%。E值为1.13±0.35,变异系数27.8%。不同个体三参数差异有高度显著性(P<0.01),个体变异较大。不同时间段三参数测量差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论MEM可对黄斑区视网膜厚度进行量化分析,个体变异较大,但重复性好,HRT-Ⅱ检查适合黄斑疾病的个体随诊观察。
简介:目的评价表面麻醉下白内障超声乳化手术二种切口(角膜、巩膜切口)不同手术阶段疼痛感觉及镇痛效果.方法铺巾前、开睑后滴"0.4%爱而卡因"表面麻醉剂二次后手术.随机选择角膜切口组,巩膜切口组各120例,在手术各阶段中不作任何提示,征询病人疼痛感觉,详细记录按疼痛分级表,并客观评价镇痛效果.结果本组病例手术时间范围5~25min,平均7.2min.两组病例在水分离,超声乳化,清除皮质阶段中角膜切口组3级疼痛以下发生率分别为9.2%,25.0%,12.5%;巩膜切口组分别为12.5%,22.5%,13.3%.二组间差异无显著性(P>0.05).所有病例均能很好耐受手术,顺利完成手术并植入囊袋内人工晶状体.后囊膜破裂率为3.8%,前囊撕裂率5.8%,无晶状体核坠入玻璃体内和眼内大出血等严重并发症.结论表面麻醉方式行超声乳化手术是安全而有效的.
简介:目的探讨如何对翼状胬肉手术患者术前准备流程及护理措施优化,以缩短患者的等候时间,避免护理缺陷及安全风险,从而提高护理质量。方法以2012年至2015年12月共收治约654例688眼翼状胬肉患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组。对照分析2组的护理质量及患者和医生对术前准备的满意度。结果采用优化护理流程的观察组择期手术前准备不完善率10.3%,手术医生满意度95.17%,患者满意度91.03%,与对照组术前准备不完善率30.77%,手术医生满意率71.98%,患者满意度78.57%,相比较差异有统计意义(P﹤0.05),观察组手术室接患者时间少于10min占93.79%,与对照组的72.53%比较差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05),缩短了转运时间。结论术前准备中实施优质护理的确能提高护理质量及患者、手术医生对于术前准备的满意度。
简介:目的研究可降解型VisiPlug泪道栓治疗准分子激光术后干眼的临床疗效。方法选取来我科就诊的23例(46只眼)拟行准分子激光手术且术前伴有轻到中度干眼患者,术后应用VisiPlug泪道栓进行泪道栓塞。分别于准分子激光术前、泪道栓塞术前、栓塞术后2周及3个月,针对于眼症状及泪道栓使用舒适度进行问卷调查,并行角膜荧光素染色、基础泪液分泌试验(SchirmerⅠtest,SⅠt)及泪膜破裂时间(break-uptime,BUT)检查,对疗效进行评价。结果准分子激光术后,患者干眼症状明显加重,SⅠt和BUT明显下降;泪道栓塞术后患者干眼症状明显减轻,SⅠt和BUT明显增加和延长,人工泪液使用频次下降;术后3个月所有患者角膜荧光素染色阴性。随访期间除1只眼栓塞术后1d泪道栓脱落外,无其他并发症发生。结论应用VisiPlug泪道栓可安全、有效地治疗准分子激光术后干眼,增加眼表泪液量,改善泪膜稳定性,缓解干眼症状,替代人工泪液的治疗。(中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2011,11:22-25)
简介:手法小切口白内障术(manualsmallincisioncataractsurgepy,MSICS)特别是在发展中国家已广泛应用于临床手术。本文旨在比较传统白内障囊外摘除术(extracapsularcataractextraction,ECCE)、MSICS以及超声乳化白内障吸除术治疗效果以及安全性(术中并发症以及术后并发症)。通过使用PubMed搜索引擎,我们收集了传统ECCE、MSICS以及超声乳化白内障吸除术的相关文献,以评价其安全性和治疗效果。同时,也参考了国内出版的相关文献。结果发现,与超声乳化白内障吸除术相比,传统ECCE以及MSICS也取得了很好的治疗效果,并且具有并发症少等优点。MSICS不需要依赖昂贵的仪器,并且具有手术快速、费用低廉以及技术门槛低等特点,特别适用于硬核白内障的治疗。虽然在白内障手术治疗过程中MSICS需要一定的技术和耐心,但它仍然是一种安全、有效、经济治疗手段,特别是在发展中国家可以替代超声乳化进行白内障的治疗。
简介:AIM:Toinvestigatethepossiblerelationshipbetweentheinfluencingfactorsoccurringbeforeandduringbirthinfull-terminfantsandtheoutcomeofretinopathy.·METHODS:Totally816full-terminfantsadmittedintheneonateintensiveunitofBoaiHospitalofZhongshanbetween1May,2008and30June,2011wereincludedinthestudy.Fundusexaminationwasperformedandevaluatedindividuallyonthemattheageof48hoursafterdelivery,2weeksand1month.Somepossibleriskfactorshappeningprenatallyorduringdeliverysuchaspregnantrelatedhypertension,placentaprevia,placentalabruptionetc,aswellassomeneonatalriskfactorssuchasneonatalasphyxia,hypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy(HIE),lowbirthweightetc,wererecordedandevacuated.Thentheeffectoftheriskfactorsoffull-terminfantsonretinopathywasstudied.·RESULTS:Theincidenceofretinalhemorrhageoffull-terminfantswithprenatalpregnantrelatedhypertension(PRH)ofthemother(43.6%)wassignificantlyhigherthanthatoffull-terminfantswithout(8.0%).(P<0.001).Theincidenceofretinalhemorrhageoffull-terminfantswithneonatalasphyxiaand/orhypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy(HIE)(29.3%)wassignificantlyhigherthanthatofthosewithout(15.7%),butcorrelationwasnotfoundbetweentheseverityofretinahemorrhageandthedegreeofhypoxicdisease.Apalecolorofopticdiscwasassociatedwithalowbirthweightoffull-terminfant.Full-terminfantswithbirthweighlessthan2500ghadasignificanthigherincidenceofretinopathythanthosewithbirthweightequalormorethan2500g(P<0.001).·CONCLUSION:Themaininfluencingfactorswhichleadtoretinopathyofhighriskfull-terminfantsareprenatalfactorssuchasPRH,andsomeneonatalriskfactorssuchasasphyxia,hypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy,andlowbirthweight.
简介:目的:评估单剂量枸橼酸西地那非片对早期年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)男性患者视功能的急性效应。方法:早期年龄相关性黄斑变性男40例,年龄58~86(平均71)岁,前瞻性随机接受安慰剂或者枸橼酸西地那非片(Viagra;PfizerInc,NewYork,NY)100mg,单次口服。受试者双眼在接受药物之前及之后9h内特定的时间间期进行视力、Amsler方格表及辨色力检查。结果:与安慰剂相比,服用枸橼酸西地那非片后视功能检查均未有明显改变。视力和辨色力检查在基线水平上未见有统计意义或临床相关的改变,Amsler方格表检查未见临床相关的改变。服用枸橼酸西地那非片与短暂的轻度至中度头痛和面红有关。结论:单次口服100mg枸橼酸西地那非片,在早期年龄相关性黄斑变性男性样本人群中,耐受性良好,未对视觉产生显著急性效应。
简介:AIM:Toinvestigatetheaccuracyofintraocularpressure(IOP)asmeasuredbyaReichertOcularResponseAnalyzer(ORA),aswellastherelationshipbetweencentralcornealthickness(CCT)andIOPasmeasuredbyORA,Goldmannapplanationtonometry(GAT),anddynamiccontourtonometry(DCT).·METHODS:Atotalof158healthyindividuals(296eyes)werechosenrandomlyformeasurementofIOP.AfterCCTwasmeasuredusingA-ultrasound(A-US),IOPwasmeasuredbyORA,GAT,andDCTdevicesinarandomizedorder.TheIOPvaluesacquiredusingeachofthethreetonometrieswerecompared,andtherelationshipbetweenCCTandIOPvalueswereanalyzedseparately.TwoIOPvalues,Goldmann-correlatedIOPvalue(IOPg)andcorneal-compensatedintraocularpressure(IOPcc),weregotusingORA.ThreegroupsweredefinedaccordingtoCCT:1)thincornea(CCT<520μm);2)normal-thicknesscornea(CCT:520-580μm);and3)thickcornea(CCT>580μm)groups.·RESULTS:Innormalsubjects,IOPmeasurementswere14.95±2.99mmHgwithORA(IOPg),15.21±2.77mmHgwithORA(IOPcc),15.22±2.77mmHgwithGAT,and15.49±2.56mmHgwithDCT.Meandifferenceswere0.01±2.29mmHgbetweenIOPccandGAT(P>0.05)and0.28±2.20mmHgbetweenIOPccandDC(P>0.05).TherewasagreatercorrelationbetweenIOPccandDCT(r=0.946,P=0.000)thanthatbetweenIOPccandGAT(r=0.845,P=0.000).DCThadasignificantcorrelationwithGAT(r=0.854,P=0.000).GATwasmoderatelycorrelatedwithCCT(r=0.296,P<0.001),whileIOPccshowedaweakbutsignificantcorrelationwithCCT(r=0.155,P=0.007).TherewasastrongnegativecorrelationbetweenCCTandthedifferencebetweenIOPccandGAT(r=-0.803,P=0.000),withevery10increaseinCCTresultinginanincreaseinthisdifferenceof0.35mmHg.Thethickcorneagroup(CCT>580μm)showedtheleastsignificantcorrelationbetweenIOPccandGAT(r=0.859,P=0.000);whilethethincorneagroup(CCT<520μm)hadthemostsignificantcorrelationbetweenIOPccandGAT(r=0.926,P=0.000).ThecorrelateddifferencesbetweenIOPccan
简介:AIM:Tofindouttheoutcomeoflaserphotocoagulationinclinicallysignificantmacularedema(CSME)byopticalcoherencetomography(OCT).·METHODS:Itwasaprospective,non-controlled,caseseriesstudyenrolling81eyesof64patientswithCSMEbetweenAugust2008andJanuary2010.AllpatientsreceivedmodifiedgridphotocoagulationwithfrequencydoubledNd:YAGlaser.Eachpatientwasevaluatedintermsofbest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)andregressionorprogressionofmaculopathyafterlasertherapyat1,3and6months.Spearman’scorrelationtestwasusedtoshowthecorrelationbetweenBCVAandtotalmacularvolume(TMV).Analysisofvariance(ANOVA)wasusedtocompareamonggroupsandindependentt-testwasusedtocompareineachgroup.·RESULTS:ThereishighcorrelationbetweenBCVAandTMV(P≤0.001).BCVAimprovedin50.6%,remainedstaticin39.5%anddeterioratedin9.9%patientsafter6monthoftreatment.TheBaselineTMV(meanandSD)were9.26±1.83,10.4±2.38,11.5±3.05,8.89±0.75and9.47±1.98mm3fordifferentOCTpatterns,ST(spongelikethickening),CMO(cystoidmacularedema),SFD(subfovealdetachment),VMIA(Vitreomacularinterfaceabnormality)andaverageTMVrespectively(P=0.04).After6monthsoflasertreatment,themeanTMVdecreasedfrom9.47±1.98mm3to8.77±1.31mm3(P=0.01).InSTtherewassignificantdecreaseinTMV,P=0.01,Furtherwithinthesegroupsat6months,theyweresignificantlydifferent,P=0.01.·CONCLUSION:OCTshowedthedifferentmorphologicalvariantofCSMEwhiletheresponseoftreatmentisdifferent.TMVdecreasedthemostandhenceshowedtheimprovementinvisionafter6monthsoflasertreatment.IntheeraofAntivascularendothelialgrowthfactors(VEGFs),efficacyoflaserseemstobeinshadowbutitisstillfirstlineoftreatmentindevelopingnationlikeNepalwhereantiVEGFsmaynotbeeasilyavailableandaffordable.