简介:ThecokedepositiononHZSM-5/SAPO-34compositecatalystshasbeenstudiedintheconversionofethanoltopropylene.TheHZSM-5/SAPO-34compositecatalystsweresynthesizedbyhydrothermalmethod(ZS-HS)andfullyblending(ZS-MM).TheusedcatalystswerecharacterizedbyXRD,N2adsorption–desorption,TGA,TPO,elementalanalysis,FTIRandXPS.ThecokingkineticsonbothZS-HSandZS-MMhasbeeninvestigatedandtheircokingrateequationswereobtained.TheusedZS-MMcatalysthadhigheramountofcokeandlowernC:nHthantheusedZS-HS.90%ofthecokewasdepositedinthemicroporesofZS-HS,whilealmost45%ofthecokelocatedinthemicroporesofZS-MM.ThecokedepositedonZS-HScatalystwasmainlygraphite-likecarbonspecies,whereasdehydrogenatedcokespecieswasthemajoronZS-MM.ThecokingactivationenergyofZS-MMwaslowerthanthatofZS-HS,andthecokingrateonZS-MMwasfasterthanonZS-HS.Inaddition,theregenerationofZS-MMcatalystshowedthatithadagoodhydrothermalstability.Thedifferencesoncokingbehaviorsonthetwocatalystswereduetotheirdifferentacidicpropertiesandtextures.
简介:ThispaperconsidersthereliablecontroldesignforT-Sfuzzysystemswithprobabilisticactuatorsfaultsandrandomtime-varyingdelays.Thefaultsofeachactuatoroccursrandomlyanditsfailureratesaregovernedbyasetofunrelatedrandomvariablessatisfyingcertainprobabilisticdistribution.Intermsoftheprobabilisticfailuresofeachactuatorandtime-varyingrandomdelays,newfaultmodelisproposed.Basedonthenewfuzzymodel,reliablecontrollerisdesignedandsufficientconditionsfortheexponentiallymeansquarestability(EMSS)ofT-SfuzzysystemsarederivedbyusingLyapunovfunctionalmethodandlinearmatrixinequality(LMI)technique.Itshouldbenotedthattheobtainedcriteriadependonnotonlythesizeofthedelay,butalsotheprobabilitydistributionofit.Finally,anumericalexampleisgiventoshowtheeffectivenessoftheproposedmethod.
简介:Two-dimensionalatomic-layeredmaterialisarecentresearchfocus,andsinglelayerTa2O5usedasgatedielectricinfield-effecttransistorsisobtainedviaassembliesofTa2O5nanosheets.However,theelectricalperformanceisseriouslyaffectedbyelectronicdefectsexistinginTa2O5.Therefore,spectroscopicellipsometryisusedtocalculatethetransitionenergiesandcorrespondingprobabilitiesfortwodifferentchargedoxygenvacancies,whoseexistenceisrevealedbyx-rayphotoelectronspectroscopyanalysis.SpectroscopicellipsometryfittingalsocalculatesthethicknessofsinglelayerTa2O5,exhibitinggoodagreementwithatomicforcemicroscopymeasurement.NondestructiveandnoncontactspectroscopicellipsometryisappropriatefordetectingtheelectricaldefectslevelofsinglelayerTa2O5.
简介:Inthiswork,aseriesofMIL-101-SO3H(x)polymericmaterialswerepreparedandfurtherusedforthefirsttimeasefficientheterogeneouscatalystsfortheconversionoffructose-basedcarbohydratesinto5-ethoxymethylfurfural(EMF)inarenewablemixedsolventsystemconsistingofethanolandtetrahydrofuran(THF).Theinfluenceof–SO3HcontentontheacidityaswellasonthecatalyticactivityoftheporouscoordinationpolymersinEMFproductionwasalsostudied.HighEMFyieldsof67.7%and54.2%couldbesuccessivelyobtainedfromfructoseandinulininthepresenceofMIL-101-SO3H(100)at130°Cfor15h.Thecatalystcouldbereusedforfivetimeswithoutsignificantlossofitsactivityandtherecoveryprocesswasfacileandsimple.Thisworkprovidesanewplatformbyapplicationofporouscoordinationpolymers(PCPs)fortheproductionofthepotentialliquidfuelmoleculeEMFfrombiomassinasustainablesolventsystem.
简介:TheZ-backlighterlaserfacilityprimarilyconsistsoftwohighenergy,high-powerlasersystems.Z-Beamletlaser(ZBL)(Ramboetal.,Appl.Opt.44,2421(2005))isamulti-kJ-class,nanosecondlaseroperatingat1054nmwhichisfrequencydoubledto527nminordertoprovidex-raybacklightingofhighenergydensityeventsontheZ-machine.Z-Petawatt(ZPW)(Schwarzetal.,J.Phys.:Conf.Ser.112,032020(2008))isapetawatt-classsystemoperatingat1054nmdeliveringupto500Jin500fsforbacklightingandvariousshort-pulselaserexperiments(seealsoFigure10forafacilityoverview).Withthedevelopmentofthemagnetizedlinerinertialfusion(MagLIF)conceptontheZ-machine,theprimarybacklightingmissionsofZBLandZPWhavebeenadjustedaccordingly.Asaresult,wehavefocusedourrecenteffortsonincreasingtheoutputenergyofZBLfrom2to4kJat527nmbymodifyingthefiberfrontendtonowincludeextrabandwidth(forstimulatedBrillouinscatteringsuppression).TheMagLIFconceptrequiresawell-defined/behavedbeamforinteractionwiththepressurizedfuel.HencewehavemadegreateffortstoimplementanadaptiveopticssystemonZBLandhaveexploredtheuseofphaseplates.WearealsoexploringconceptstouseZPWasabacklighterforZBLdrivenMagLIFexperiments.Alternatively,ZPWcouldbeusedasanadditionalfusionfuelpre-heaterorasatemporallyflexiblehighenergypre-pulse.AlloftheseconceptsrequiretheabilitytooperatetheZPWinananosecondlong-pulsemode,inwhichthebeamcanco-propagatewithZBL.Someoftheproposedmodificationsarecompleteandmostofthemarewellontheirway.
简介:AseriesofnovelN-(3-furan-2-yl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)amidesderivativesweredesignedandsynthesized.Theirstructureswereconfirmedby1HNMR,13CNMRandHRMS.Alltitlecompoundswereevaluatedfortheirherbicidalandantifungalactivities.Preliminarybioassayresultsindicatedthatthetitlecompoundsshowedgoodtomoderateherbicidalactivityat1000mg/L.Compound6qpresentedthebestactivityagainstDigitariasanguinalis(L)Scop.,AmaranthusretroflexusL.andArabidopsisthalianawithaninhibitiondegreeoffive.Compound6dalsoshowedaninhibitiondegreeoffiveagainstD.sanguinalis.Inaddition,at50mg/L,mostcompoundsexhibitedgoodinvitroantifungalactivityagainstSclerotiniasclerotiorum,withcompound6cshowingover90%antifungalactivityagainstS.sclerotiorumandPelliculariasasakii.
简介:Themassesofneutron-defcientnuclidesplayacriticalroleinthecalculationofastrophysicalrapidproton-captureprocesses[1].Neutron-defcientnuclideswithmassnumber∧around80arethelastsetofnuclideswithunknownmassesonthepathwayofvp-process[2].Themassmeasurementofnuclideswouldbeveryuseful.In2016,massesofneutron-defcientnuclides79Y,81Zr,82Zr,83Nband84Nbnucleiwerepreciselymeasureddirectlybytheexperimentalstorage-ringCSReatLanzhou.
简介:Athree-dimensionalfew-layerreducedgrapheneoxide-wrappedmesoporousLi4Ti5O12(m-LTO@FLRGO)electrodeisproducedusingasimplesolutionfabricationprocess.WhentestedasananodeforLiionbatteries,them-LTO@FL-RGOcompositeexhibitsexcellentratecapabilityandsuperiorcyclelife.Thecapacityofm-LTO@FL-RGOreaches165.4mAhg-1after100cyclesbetween1and2.5Vatarateof1C.Evenatarateof30C,ahighdischargecapacityof115.1mAhg-1isstillobtained,whichisthreetimeshigherthanthepristinemesoporousLi4Ti5O12(m-LTO).Thegraphenenanosheetsareincorporatedintothem-LTOmicrosphereshomogenously,whichprovideahighconductivenetworkforelectrontransportation.
简介:利用L-脯氨酸催化的5-氯水杨醛(1)与6-甲基-4-羟基吡喃酮(2)的缩合反应及硫酸铜催化下与1,3-二甲基-5-氨基吡唑(3)的串联反应,合成得到了10-氯-1,3-二甲基-5-(2-氧代丙基)色烯并[4,3-d]吡唑并[3,4-b]吡啶-6(3H)-酮(4)和10-氯-5-二乙氧基甲基-1,3-二甲基色烯并[4,3-d]吡唑并[3,4-b]吡啶-6(3H)-酮(5).化合物5的结构通过单晶X射线衍射法确定:晶体属于三斜晶系,空间群P-1;相对分子质量Mr=803.68;晶胞参数a=1.03160(10)nm,b=1.42900(13)nm,c=1.44268(15)nm;V=1.9448(3)nm~3;Z=2;晶胞密度Dc=1.372g/cm~3;吸收系数μ=0.228mm-1;单胞中电子的数目F(000)=840.晶体结构用直接法解出,经全矩阵最小二乘法对原子参数进行修正,最终的偏离因子为R=0.0681,wR=0.2051.在晶体结构中色烯环与吡啶环及吡唑环近似于共平面.
简介:应急响应中常常出现供应节点与需求节点距离太远、关键道路损毁等情境,此时直升机和车辆逐渐被联合使用以运送关键应急物资。由于原生及次生衍生灾害的发生发展,可能导致已有应急中转点不能使用,或者由于救援工作的开展,产生新的应急中转点等,这就可能导致事先已经制定的联合运送方案不能按照原计划进行。针对直升机和车辆联合运送中出现的中转点变化干扰事件,从物资到达时间、联合运送路线和使用运力三方面进行扰动度量,进而建立一个中转点变化的应急医疗物资联合运送干扰恢复模型,并通过改进基于客户的编码方法和提出基于简化策略的种群初始化方法等,设计了模型求解的遗传算法。数值实验验证了模型与算法的有效性,并通过与重优化方法对比,检验了干扰管理方法在处理中转点变化干扰事件中的优势。