简介:TheembeddedboundarymethodforsolvingellipticandparabolicproblemsingeometricallycomplexdomainsusingCartesianmeshesbyJohansenandColella(1998,J.Comput.Phys.147,60)hasbeenextendedforellipticandparabolicproblemswithinteriorboundariesorinterfacesofdiscontinuitiesofmaterialpropertiesorsolutions.Secondorderaccuracyisachievedinspaceandtimeforbothstationaryandmovinginterfaceproblems.Themethodisconservativeforellipticandparabolicproblemswithfixedinterfaces.Basedonthismethod,afronttrackingalgorithmfortheStefanproblemhasbeendeveloped.Theaccuracyofthemethodismeasuredthroughcomparisonwithexactsolutiontoatwo-dimensionalStefanproblem.Thealgorithmhasbeenusedforthestudyofmeltingandsolidificationproblems.
简介:Aseriesof3wt%Ruembeddedonorderedmesoporouscarbon(OMC)catalystswithdifferentporesizeswerepreparedbyautoreductionbetweenrutheniumprecursorsandcarbonsourcesat1123K.RunanoparticleswereembeddedonthecarbonwallsofOMC.CharacterizationtechnologiesincludingpowerX-raydiffraction(XRD),nitrogenadsorption-desorption,transmissionelectronmicroscopy(TEM),andhydrogentemperature-programmedreduction(H2-TPR)wereusedtoscrutinizethecatalysts.ThecatalystactivityforFischer-Tropschsynthesis(FTS)wasmeasuredinafixedbedreactor.Itwasrevealedthat3wt%Ru-OMCcatalystsexhibitedhighlyorderedmesoporousstructureandlargesurfacearea.Comparedwiththecatalystswithsmallerpores,thecatalystswithlargerporeswereinclinedtoformlargerRuparticles.These3wt%Ru-OMCcatalystswithdifferentporesizesweremorestablethan3wt%Ru/ACcatalystduringtheFTSreactionsbecauseRuparticleswereembeddedonthecarbonwalls,suppressingparticlesaggregation,movementandoxidation.ThecatalyticactivityandC5+selectivitywerefoundtoincreasewiththeincreasingporesize,however,CH4selectivityshowedtheoppositetrend.ThesechangesmaybeexplainedintermsofthespecialenvironmentoftheactiveRusitesandthediffusionofproductsintheporesofthecatalysts,suggestingthattheactivityandhydrocarbonselectivityaremoredependentontheporesizeofOMCthanontheRuparticlesize.
简介:Anumericalstudyofanon-Darcymixedconvectiveheatandmasstransferflowoveraverticalsurfaceembeddedinaporousmediumundertheefectsofdoubledispersion,melting,andthermalradiationisinvestigated.Thesetofgoverningboundarylayerequationsandtheboundaryconditionsistransformedintoasetofcouplednonlinearordinarydiferentialequationswiththerelevantboundaryconditions.ThetransformedequationsaresolvednumericallybyusingtheChebyshevpseudospectralmethod.Comparisonsofthepresentresultswiththeexistingresultsintheliteraturearemade,andgoodagreementisfound.Numericalresultsforthevelocity,temperature,concentrationprofiles,andlocalNusseltandSherwoodnumbersarediscussedforvariousvaluesofphysicalparameters.
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简介:Theinfluenceofinitialstrainstateonthedynamicresponseofanendbearingpileembeddedinisotropicsaturatedsoilisinvestigatedthroughthelinearizedtheoryofsmallelasticperturbationsuperposedonlargelystressedbodies.Thegoverningequationsforsoil,basedonBiot’sporoelasticitytheory,arederivedinthecylindricalcoordinates,andthepileismodeledbyusingtheone-dimensionalelastictheory.Theanalyticalsolutionsofpileimpedance,frequencyresponseofbothtwistangleandtimehistoryofvelocityresponseareobtainedbyusingofseparationofvariablestechnique.Finally,aparametricstudyoftheinfluenceofinitialstrainsonthetorsionalimpedance,twistangle,andvelocityresponseatthetopofthepileiscarriedout.
简介:Si-richsiliconnitridefilmsarepreparedbyplasma-enhancedchemicalvapordepositionmethod,followedbythermalannealingtoformtheSinanocrystals(Si-NCs)embeddedinSiNxfloatinggateMOSstructures.Thecapacitance–voltage(C–V),current–voltage(I–V),andadmittance–voltage(G–V)measurementsareusedtoinvestigatethechargingcharacteristics.Itisfoundthatthemaximumflatbandvoltageshift(△VFB)duetofullchargedholes(~6.2V)ismuchlargerthanthatduetofullchargedelectrons(~1V).ThechargingdisplacementcurrentpeaksofelectronsandholescanbealsoobservedbytheI–Vmeasurements,respectively.FromtheG–VmeasurementswefindthattheholeinjectionisinfluencedbytheoxideholetrapswhicharelocatedneartheSiO2/Si-substrateinterface.CombiningtheresultsofC–VandG–Vmeasurements,wefindthattheholechargingoftheSi-NCsoccursviaatwo-steptunnelingmechanism.TheevolutionofG–VpeakoriginatedfromoxidetrapsexhibitstheprocessofholeinjectionintothesedefectsandtransferringtotheSi-NCs.