简介：Thedetailsofthespecialthree-dimensionalmicro-nanoscalerippleswithaperiodofhundredsofmicronsonthesurfacesofaZr-basedandaLa-basedmetallicglassirradiatedseparatelybysinglelaserpulseareinvestigated.Weusethesmall-amplitudecapillarywavetheorytounveiltherippleformationmechanismthroughconsideringeachofthemoltenmetallicglassesasanincompressibleviscousfluid.Ageneralizedmodelispresentedtodescribethespecialmorphology,whichfitstheexperimentalresultwell.Itisalsorevealedthattheviscositybringsaboutthebiggesteffectonthemonotonedecreasingnatureoftheamplitudeandthewavelengthofthesurfaceripples.Thegreatertheviscosityis,theshortertheamplitudeandthewavelengthare.

简介：Maturationofthe4thphaseoocytesofmudskipperisinducedinvitrobysexpheromones,theextractofovary,testisandseminalvesicle,oxytocinianddeoxycorticosterone(DOC).Maturationratesofoocytesarerelatedtopheromonesandtheirdosages.ThesingleuseofprostaglandinE1(PGE1)isnoteffectiveintheinductionofmaturation,butthecombinationoIPGE1withHCGpromotesoocytematurationrates.Maturationisinducedbyinjectionsoftheextractoftheovaryatdosagesof0.01cm^3/afish,seminalvesicleextractatdosagesof0.1crn3/afish,testisextractatdosageof0.1cm^3/afish,orPGE1atdosageof10μg/fish,respectively.Amongthem,seminalvesicleextractisthemosteffectiveintheinductionofmaturation.Theartificialnests,withtheextractoftheovary,testisorseminalvesicleinside,attractmoreheterosexualmudskippersthanhomosexualmudskipperstoenter.Especially,theextractofseminalvesicleisthemosteffectiveinattractingfemales.Femalemudskipperscouldbeinducedtospawnbytheextractsofovary,testisandseminalvesicleplacedinsideboththeceramicandspongenests.Morespawnedeggsandhigherfertilizationratesareobservedintheceramicneststhaninthespongeones.

简介：植物荷尔蒙植物生长素在调整植物生长和开发起一个关键作用。最近的进展在植物生长素反应小径的理解被做了，首先由在Arabidopsis的植物生长素反应异种的描述。另外，microRNAs(miRNAs)被显示了是为正常植物开发和生理学重要的基因的批评管理者。然而，很少对在miRNAs并且在正常开发期间的神经质的发信号之间的可能的相互作用被知道。这里，我们显示出那ArabidopsismicroRNA，miR167，有一个互补序列到AUXIN反应FACTOR6(ARF6)和ARF8mRNAs的部分，能为ARF8，然而并非为ARF6引起抄本降级。我们报导35S::MIR167b的phenotypic描述转基因的线，和表演转基因的线有的那严重35S::MIR167barf6arf8的类似于那些的显型加倍异种。转基因的显型建议miR167可以镇压在翻译的水平的ARF6。我们证明转基因的植物在花的机关的所有四锭盘是有缺点的。在转基因的花，细丝是反常地短的，花药不能适当地释放花粉，并且花粉谷物没发芽。我们的结果提供在表明网络支持的基因表示和植物生长素的调停miRNA的规章的小径之间的一个重要连接种繁殖开发。

简介：S波浪介子的集体光谱在相对论的泛音模型(RHM)的框架工作被考虑。在调查使用的完整的Hamiltonian加一个向量泛音振荡器潜力，confined-one-gluon-exchange潜力(COGEP)和导致instanton的夸克反夸克相互作用(III)有Lorentz数量。对集体光谱的好描述被获得。在S波浪介子光谱的III和COGEP的各自的角色被讨论。

简介：Deformation-inducedmicrostructuresofhigh-Mnaustenitesteelwasinvestigatedbymetallography,X-raydiffractionandSEM.Theε-martensiteandslip-bandsaredeformation-in-ducedonthe{111}planes,andappearasthinstraightlathswith60～80°alignmentdifferencebe-tweenthem.Itwasfoundthatε-martensiteandslipbandsarekinkedatfcctwinboundarieswiththekinkedangle35～40°.Thebandsofequilateraltriangleinthemicrostructureoftensiledeformationarepresented.

简介：Inthispaperweconsiderlaserintensitiesgreaterthan1016Wcm-2wheretheablationpressureisnegligibleincomparisonwiththeradiationpressure.Theradiationpressureiscausedbytheponderomotiveforceactingmainlyontheelectronsthatareseparatedfromtheionstocreateadoublelayer(DL).ThisDLisacceleratedintothetarget,likeapistonthatpushesthematterinsuchawaythatashockwaveiscreated.Herewediscusstwonovelideas.Firstly,thetransitiondomainbetweentherelativisticandnon-relativisticlaser-inducedshockwaves.Oursolutionisbasedonrelativistichydrodynamicsalsofortheabovetransitiondomain.Therelativisticshockwaveparameters,suchascompression,pressure,shockwaveandparticleflowvelocities,soundvelocityandrarefactionwavevelocityinthecompressedtarget,andtemperaturearecalculated.Secondly,wewouldliketousethistransitiondomainforshockwave-inducedultrafastignitionofapre-compressedtarget.Thelaserparametersforthesepurposesarecalculatedandthemainadvantagesofthisschemearedescribed.Ifthisschemeissuccessfulanewsourceofenergyinlargequantitiesmaybecomefeasible.

简介：Atheoreticalmodelisproposedtodescribethemechanismoflaser-inducedplasmashockwaveevolutioninair.Toverifythevalidityofthetheoreticalmodel,anopticalbeamdeflectiontechniqueisemployedtotracktheplasmashockwaveevolutionprocess.Thetheoreticalmodelandtheexperimentalsignalsarefoundtobeingoodagreementwitheachother.Itisshownthatthelaser-inducedplasmashockwaveundergoesformation,increaseanddecayprocesses;theincreaseandthedecayprocessesofthelaser-inducedplasmashockwaveresultfromtheoverlappingofthecompressionwaveandtherarefactionwave,respectively.Inaddition,thelaser-inducedplasmashockwavespeedandpressuredistributions,bothafunctionofdistance,arepresented.

简介：AbstractSepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. The heart is one of the most important oxygen delivery organs, and dysfunction significantly increases the mortality of the body. Hence, the heart has been studied in sepsis for over half a century. However, the definition of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy is not unified yet, and the conventional conception seems outdated: left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) along with enlargement of the left ventricle, recovering in 7 to 10 days. With the application of echocardiography in intensive care units, not only LVSD but also left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, right ventricular dysfunction, and even diffuse ventricular dysfunction have been seen. The recognition of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy is gradually becoming complete, although our understanding of it is not deep, which has made the diagnosis and treatment stagnate. In this review, we summarize the research on sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Women and young people with septic cardiomyopathy are more likely to have LVSD, which may have the same mechanism as stress cardiomyopathy. Elderly people with ischemic cardiomyopathy and hypertension tend to have left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Patients with mechanical ventilation, acute respiratory distress syndrome or other complications of increased right ventricular afterload mostly have right ventricular dysfunction. Diffuse cardiac dysfunction has also been shown in some studies; patients with mixed or co-existing cardiac dysfunction are more common, theoretically. Thus, understanding the pathophysiology of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy from the perspective of critical care echocardiography is essential.

简介：AIM:ToinvestigatethepreciserolesofCARinCCl4-inducedacutehepatotoxicity.METHODS:Toprepareanacuteliverinjurymodel,CCl4wasintraperitoneallyinjectedinCAR+/+andCAR-/-mice.RESULTS:ElevationofserumalanineaminotransferaseandextensionofcentrilobularnecrosiswereslightlyinhibitedinCAR-/-micecomparedtoCAR+/+micewithoutPB.AdministrationofaCARinducer,PB,revealedthatCCl4-inducedlivertoxicitywaspartiallyinhibitedinCAR-/-micecomparedwithCAR+/+mice.Ontheotherhand,androstanol,aninverseagonistligand,inhibitedhepatotoxicityinCAR+/+butnotinCAR-/-mice.Thus,CARactivationcausedCCl4hepatotoxicitywhileCARinhibitionresultedinpartialprotectionagainstCCl4-inducedhepatotoxicity.TherewerenodifferencesintheexpressionofCYP2E1,themainmetabolizingenzymeforCCl4,betweenCAR+/+andCAR-/-mice.However,theexpressionofotherCCl4-metabolizingenzymes,suchasCYP2B10and3A11,wasinducedbyPBinCAR+/+butnotinCAR-/-mice.AlthoughthemainpathwayofCCl4-inducedacuteliverinjuryismediatedbyCYP2E1,CARmodulatesitspathwayviainductionofCYP2B10and3A11inthepresenceofactivatororinhibitor.CONCLUSION:ThenuclearreceptorCARmodulatesCCl4-inducedliverinjuryviainductionofCCl4-metabolizingenzymesinthepresenceofanactivator.OurresultssuggestthatdrugsinteractingwithnuclearreceptorssuchasPBmightplaycriticalrolesindrug-inducedliverinjuryordrugdruginteractioneventhoughsuchdrugsthemselvesarenothepatotoxic.

简介：Recenthigh-resolutiondeepseismicreflectionprofileacrosstheKunlunfaultinnortheasternTibetshowsclearlythattheMohoiscutoffbyacomplexthrustfaultsystem.Mohooffsetisageneralphenomenon,butlittleisknownaboutthedynamicmechanism.Inthisstudy,contactmodelswithMaxwellmaterialsareusedtosimulatethemechanicalprocessofMohooffsetinducedbytheaseismicslipofdeeplyburiedfaults.Basedontheseismicreflectiondata,weprojectasinglefaultmodelandacomplexfaultsystemmodelwithtwofaultsintersecting.ThedeformationsoftheMoho,theaseismicslips,andcontactstressesonfaultsindifferentmodelsarediscussedindetail.ResultsshowthattheMohooffsetmightbeproducedbyaseismicslipofdeeplyburiedfaults,andthemagnitudeisinfluencedbythefrictioncoefficientoffaultsandtheviscosityofthelowercrust.ThemaximumslipoccursneartheMohoonthesinglefaultoratthecrossingpointoftwointersectingfaultssystem.StressconcentratesmainlyontheMoho,thedeependoffaults,orthecrossingpoint.ThisstudywillthrowlightonunderstandingthemechanismofMohooffsetandaseismicslipofdeeplyburiedfaults.Theresultsofcomplexfaultsystemwithtwofaultsintersectingarealsousefultounderstandtheshallowintersectingfaultsthatmaycauseearthquakes.

简介：Objective:Toobservetheocularhistopathologicalchangesaftereyeballenucleationinducedbycornealtrauma.Methods:Lightmicroscopicexaminationwasdoneon117eyeballspecimensenucleatedaftercornealtrauma(18withcornealfissureand99withcornealperforatingtrauma).Results:Acute,subacuteorchronicinflammatorychanges,andfibrousmembraneformationwereobservedinwell-closedcornealwounds,whereasinflammation,atrophyandscarwereobservedinthefocaltissues.Butatthelateperiod,secondaryglaucoma,retinaldetachment,endophthalmitisandeyeballatrophyresultedinblindness.Cornealfistulawasobservedinthosewithinadequatecureofwoundscausedbyingrowthofcornealepithelium,embedmentofirisandvitreousbody,andlargeareaofcentrallylocatedtissuedeficiencyofthecorneal.Ahighincidenceofendophthalmitiswasnotedduetothepresenceofcornealfistula.Severeinflammationwasobservedintheanteriorsegmentaltissueswithfibrousinfiltrationintheanteriorchamber,whichmightresultinrapiddestructionoftheeyeballs.Conclusions:Ocularpathologyvarieswiththedifferenceoftheposition,form,sizeandclosingconditionsofthecorneallacerationaftertrauma.

简介：AbstractThe immune system has the function of immune surveillance to resist the occurrence and development of tumors, and is essential for inhibition of tumor metastasis. Nevertheless, tumor cells can still suppress immune responses through multiple mechanisms to escape recognition and elimination. Photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy involve systemic or local use of sensitizers followed by light or ultrasound treatment of the affected area, leading to tumor cell death by various mechanisms. The capability of the immune system is essentially affected by photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy. To understand the tumor therapeutic mechanisms of photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy and to explore the use of these modalities for improvement of the antitumor immune effect, extensive preclinical and clinical studies have been carried out. Besides direct killing of tumors, photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy also cause inflammatory reactions, achieve antitumor immune responses, and potentially prevent tumor recurrence, thereby treating both primary and metastatic tumors. In this review, we summarize the antitumor immune responses induced by photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy, describe the processes of the antitumor immune responses in detail, and discuss the clinical applications of the resulting antitumor immunity.

简介：AbstractThe field of drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) has grown considerably over the last 10~15 years, to now include its use in pediatric patients. In this review article, we outline our approach to the use of this technology in Children with Airway Obstruction, most specifically in the management of children with airway obstruction and known or suspected adenotonsillar enlargement.

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简介：Theassessmentofthewave-inducedsoilliquefactionplaysakeyroleinthegeotechnicaldesignforoffshorefoundations.Theunderlyingshortcomingsoftheexistingmomentaryliquefactioncriteriaareidentifiedandclarifiedbymechanismanalysesandtherecentfieldobservations.Amodifiedcriterionforthewave-inducedmomentaryliquefactionofasandyseabedisgiventodescribetheverticalporepressuredistributions.Animprovedapproximationofthemomentaryliquefactiondepthisfurtherpresented.Parametricstudyoftheeffectsofthesaturationdegreeofsoilsindicatesthatthismodificationissignificantfortheevaluationofwave-inducedmomentaryliquefaction.

简介：瞄准：在老鼠把芙蓉sabdariffa(Roselle)和姜officinale(生姜)的保护的效果与导致cisplatin的繁殖毒性作比较并且学习位于这些效果下面的机制。方法：H.sabdariffa或Z.officinale(1g/kgx天)的乙醇摘录被给p.o到男白鼠26天，它在单个cisplatini.p注射(10mg/kg体重)前开始了21天。结果：H.sabdariffa和Z.officinale的摘录减少了导致cisplatin的精子反常的程度并且提高了精子活动性。两篇摘录恢复了malondialdehyde(MDA)的控制水平(类脂化合物每氧化标记)在对待cisplatin的睾丸。导致的cisplatin注射在超级氧化物的层次衰退歧化酶(草皮)，减少的谷胱甘肽(GSH)和过氧化氢酶(猫)显著地被颠倒在cisplatin被H.sabdariffa或Z.officinale的管理先于的组控制层次。结论：H.sabdariffa和Z.officinale处理增加了阴囊的抗氧化剂酶的活动并且恢复了对待cisplatin的老鼠的精子活动性。因此，测试植物的保护的效果被建议被他们的有势力抗氧化剂活动调停。

简介：Inthispaper,laserinducedplasmasignalswereanalyzedduringkeyholeweldingthroughthreemethods.Accordingtotheresults,therelativitybetweenopticalandacousticsignalsofplasmaisshownwhenweldsareinfull-penetration,orpartial-penetrationandnon-penetration.

简介：Thisstudydemonstratesanovelapproachforrapidsynthesisofsilver（Ag）nanowiresinducedbyvanadiumtrioxide（V2O3）particlesinaqueoussolutionatroomtemperature.Silvernanowireshaveanaveragediameterof20nmandlengthuptoafewmicrometersbyparametricoptimization.ThemicrostructureofthesilvernanowireswascharacterizedbyTEM,HRTEM,SEM,andXRDtechniques.Theopticalpropertyoftheas-preparedproductwasmeasuredbyultraviolet-visible（UV-vis）spectroscopy.ThepossiblegrowthmechanismofAgnanowiresviaorientedattachmentofAgnanocrystalswasdiscussed.Thepresentapproachshowsseveraluniquefeaturessuchasrapid（afewminutes）,reproducibleandhigh-yieldreactionwithnoneedofanymodifiers.V2O3rodswerereportedforthefirsttimetobeusedforsynthesisofsilvernanowires,playingmultiplerolesasreducingagent,template,andcatalyst.Thesilvernanowiresproducedarepromisingforopticalapplications（e.g.,SERS）duetotheirroughsurface.