ForewordInJune2013,themediaintheUK,theUnitedStatesandChina’sHongKongexposedtheNationalSecurityAgency’sclandestinesurveillanceprogram,codenamedPRISM,usingdocumentsreleasedbytheformerNSAcontractorEdwardSnowden.Theleakedinformationprovokedshockandoutrage.Subsequently,aninvestigationcarriedoutbyvariousChinesegovernmentdepartmentsoverseveralmonthsconfirmedtheexistenceofsnoopingactivitiesdirectedagainstChina.
