简介：Thestrengthoflightweightconcreteundertriaxialcompressivestressisstudiedexperimentallywiththeconcretetriaxialapparatusdesignedbytheauthors,andiscomparedwiththatofnormalconcreteunderthesamestressstate.Ninety-five100mmcubesundertwentystressratiosaretested.Ascomparedwithnormalconcrete,itisfoundthatnotonlythemultiaxialcompressivestrengthoflightweightconcreteissmall,butalsotheratioofthemultiaxialcompressivestrengthtotheuniaxialcompressivestrengthissmall.Theinfluenceoftheintermediateprincipalstressonthemultiaxialstrengthoflightweightconcreteisdiscussed.Thestrengthcriteriawhichareexpressedintheprincipalstressesandtheoctahedralstressesrespectivelyareproposed.

简介：—Effectivestressanalysisisperformedtoevaluatetheresidualdisplacementofacaissonquaywallduring1994Hokkaido-Toho-OkiEarthquakeand1993Kushiro-OkiEarthquake.Theconstitutivemodelusedinthisstudyisamultipleshearmechanismtypedefinedinstrainspaceandcantakeintoaccounttheeffectofrotationofprincipalstressaxis.Theearthquakeaccelerationsrecordedattheoutcroppingrockduringtheearthquakeareusedasinputbedrockmotion.Theresultsoffiniteele-mentanalysisareingoodagreementwiththeobservedbehaviourofthequaywall.Theanalysisalsoindi-catesthatliquefactionandhighexcessporewaterpressurehaveasignificanteffectonthedeformationofthecaisson.Soilimprovementisspeculatedasthemostreliablemeasuresagainstliquefaction.Theinflu-enceofsoilimprovementandthereasonableimprovedareaarediscussedinthepaper.

简介：Thestudyofthebehaviorofconcreteunderbiaxialstressesisessentialtothedesignofoffshoreconcreteplatforms.Usingthemultiaxialtestapparatusdevelopedbytheauthors,thedeformationandstrengthofconcreteunderbiaxialstressesarestudiedexperimentally.Basedonthetestdata,anendochronicdamageconstitutivemodelandafailurecriterionareproposed.Accordingtotheabovemodel,anincrementalnonlineariterativeprogrammeisdeveloped,andaplatesampleinplanestressstateisanalyzed.

简介：Inthispaper,thecharacteristicsofdensitycurrentundertheactionofwavesaredescribedwiththehelpofflumeexperimentandtheoreticalanalysis.Thestudyshowsthatturbidwaterundertheac-tionofthewavescanpresentthreetypesofmotion,i.e.significantstratification,fragilestratificationandstrongmixing.Themotionofturbidwaterpresentssignificantstratificationwhen（H/D）/△ρ/ρ1/2≤4.5,generallythisstateisknownasdensitycurrent.Theformulasofmotionvelocity,thickness,anddischargeofdensitycurrentmovingonhorizontalbottomarederivedbyuseofba-sicequationssuchasmomemtumequation,equationofenergyconservationandcontinuityequationoffluid.Thetime-averagevelocityandthethicknessofdensitycurrentundertheactionofwaveshavearela-tionshipwithsuchparametersasrelativedensity（△ρ/ρ）,waveheight（H）,andwaterdepth（D）.Whentheseparametersaredetermined,thetime-averagethicknessandmotionvelocityofdensitycurrentareal-sodetermined.Therelat

简介：-Thehydrodynamiccoefficientsforeachoftwopilesandthreepilesinbothside-by-sidearrangementandtandemarrangementundertheactionofirregularwavesareexperimentallyinvestigated.ThesecoefficientsvarywiththeKCnumber,therelativepilespacing,thenumberofpilesandthepilelocation,andtheirrelationshipsarepresentedinthispaper.TheycanbeusedinMorisonEquationandotherequationstocalculatedirectlythein-linewaveforcesandthetransverseforcesoneachpileinarray.

简介：DuringtheconstructionoftheguidingdikeintheYangtzeEstuary,someofthecaissonstructuressankintothesoilfor1～5morslidabout20mawayfromtheoriginalplacewhenastrongstormattackedthisarea.Dynamictriaxialtestswerecarriedouttosimulatethebehavioroffoundationsoilsunderwaveloading.Thetestresultsshowthattheexcessivesettlementandlateralmovementofthecaissonsareduetotheweakeningofthesoftclaystrengthduringthestrongstorm.Thetestresultsalsoshowthattheabilityofthesoftclaytoresistthewaveforcewillbegreatlyincreasedwhenthesoftsoilsamplesaresuitablyimproved.Basedonthetestresults,animprovementmethodcombiningverticaldrainswithsurchargeloadingwasproposedtostrengthenthefoundationsoil.Ontheimprovedsoilfoundation,thedikehasbeenreconstructedandundergoneseveralstrongstormswithoutanydamage.Afiniteelementapproachhasbeendevelopedforanalyzingthesettlementandstabilityofthedikeundertheactionofstrongstorm.

简介：调查为随机的波浪是一个紧张腿平台(TLP)的联合反应。推断了，联合僵硬矩阵，抑制在颤动的矩阵是集体矩阵微分方程和在移动的TLP的外部负担坐标系统。无穷小的方法被使用把列和浮桥划分成小部分。时间领域运动方程被Runge-Kutta集成计划解决。Jonswap光谱在随机的波浪被模仿，电流被线性插值模仿，并且NPD光谱作为风光谱被使用。蒙特卡罗方法被用来模仿随机的波浪并且波动风。处于不同的海条件联合动态反应，腱紧张的变化和起床人紧张被力量分析光谱密度(PSD)。TLP和腱紧张的动态反应上的途径角度的影响被比较。

简介：Theresultsofundrainedcyclictriaxialtestsonthreetypesofclaysarecollectedandarelationshipamongtheaccumulatedstrain,theinitialstressstate,cyclicstressinthesoil,aswellasthenumberofcyclesisestablishedbasedontheexperimentaldata.Withthisrelationship,aprocedureisproposedforsubsidenceandstabilityanalysisonsoftclayundertheactionofcyclicloads.

简介：-Theshearfailureofarigid-plasticdentedclampedtubularbeamunderthelateralimpactofamassisinvestigated.Boththedentingandtheimpactpointareinthemiddlespanofthebeam.Itisassumedthatdentingdoesnotspreadduringtheshearsliding.Numericalresultsshowthattheaxialforceandlateraldeflectionofthebeamareverysmallatthemomentoftheoccurenceofshearfailure,whichmeansthatthefinitedeformationeffectcanbeneglectedintheshearfailureanalysis.Also,someaspectsoftheinitialimpactenergyareinvestigated.

简介：Thispaperpresentsastudyondragcoefficientsundertyphoonwindforcingbasedonobservationsandnumericalexperiments.ThefrictionvelocityandwindspeedaremeasuredatamarineobservationplatformintheSouthChinaSea.Threetyphoons:SOULIK(2013),TRAMI(2013)andFITOW(2013)areobservedatabuoystationinthenortheastseaareaofPingtanIsland.Anewparameterizationisformulatedforthewinddragcoefficientasafunctionofwindspeed.Itisfoundthatthedragcoefficient(Cd)increaseslinearlywiththeslopeof0.083?10?3forwindspeedlessthan24ms?1.Toinvestigatethedragcoefficientunderhigherwindconditions,threenumericalexperimentsareimplementedforthesethreetyphoonsusingSWANwavemodel.Thewindinputdataareobjectivereanalysisdatasets,whichareassimilatedwithmanysourcesandprovidedeverysixhourswiththeresolutionof0.125°×0.125°.Thenumericalsimulationresultsshowagoodagreementwithwaveobservationdataundertyphoonwindforcing.Theresultsindicatethatthedragcoefficientlevelsoffwiththelinearslopeof0.012?10?3forhigherwindspeeds(lessthan34ms?1)andthenewparameterizationimprovesethesimulationaccuracycomparedwiththeWu(1982)defaultusedinSWAN.

简介：-Thedynamicresponsebehaviorsofuprightbreakwatersunderbrokenwaveimpactareanalysedbasedonthemass-damper-springdynamicsystemmodel.Theeffectsofthemass,damping,stiffness,naturalperiod,andimpulseduration(oroscillationperiod)onthetranslation,rotation,slidingforce,overturningmoment,andcorrespondingdynamicamplifyingfactorsarestudied.Itisconcludedthattheampli-yingfactorsonlydependontheratioofthesystemnaturalperiodtoimpulseduration(oroscillationperiod)underacertaindampingratio.Moreover,theequivalentstaticapproachtobreakwaterdesignisalsodiscussed.

简介：Inthispaper,reliabilityanalysisfortheoffshorejacketplatformwiththeinteractionofstructure-pile-soilunderextremeenvironmentalloadsiscarriedout.Theinherentuncertaintiesoftheenvironmentalload,foundationsoil,platformitself,andcalculatingmodelsareevaluated.Theactionofextremeloadsontheoffshoreplatformismodeledasafunctionofextremewaveheight.Thesystemcapacityofthewholeplatformisdeterminedbynonlinearpushoveranalysis,andtherelevantprobabilitypropertyisobtainedbythesimulationmethod.Thereliabilitymodelforthewholejacketplatformisdescribedastherelationshipbetweentheloadandresistancebasedontheoffshoredesigncodes.Thereliabilityofwholeplatformiscalculatedbytheanalyticalmethodandtheimportancesamplingmethodonthebasisofacasestudyforatripodjacketplatform.

简介：Afatiguelifeestimationmethodforoffshorestructuresunderrandomstressresponseisstudiedinthispaper.Themethodofbroadbandcumulativefrequencynumberisusedtodeterminetheeffectofbandwidthofstressfrequencyspectraonfatigue.AformulaofcorrectionfactorforfatigueunderbroadbandstressspectraissuggestedandcomparedwiththatgivenbyP.H.Wirsching.

简介：暴露于波浪的跨岸的沉积运输率为沿海的形态学，象防波堤那样的海洋的结构的设计，突堤，防波提等等，和由于onoff岸沉积交通的沿海的侵蚀和生长的预防是很重要的。在现在的学习，跨岸的沉积运输的实验与1/8，1/10和1/15的起始的沙滩斜坡在一条实验室波浪隧道被执行。由使用常规波浪，不同深海的波浪险峻由一个踏脚板类型波浪生成器产生了，沙滩的几何特征在影响开关岸沉积运输的暴风雨条件和参数下面介绍与d50=0.25的中等直径为沙滩材料被调查，0.32，0.45，0.62和0.80公里。近海酒吧几何特征是从海岸线的水平距离到酒吧开始(Xb)，冠(Xt)，并且(Xs)结束指，从酒吧冠的深度到静止的水水平(ht)，并且酒吧体积(V酒吧)。当时，试验性的结果显示了那深海的险峻(H0/L0)增加，到海滨的网运动增加了。与增加的波浪险峻，移动附此从静止的水拓宽垂直距离的酒吧铺平到酒吧开始(Xb)，冠(Xt)并且结束(Xs)从海岸的点和水平距离排队到酒吧开始，冠和结束的点增加了。它也从试验性的结果被显示出来自开始并且结束点到海岸线的酒吧的水平距离与沙滩斜坡的减少增加了。从这研究获得的试验性的结果与以前的试验性的工作相比并且发现具有象试验性的大小的一样的大小并且跟随期望的基本趋势。

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简介：在地震刺激下面的液体结构相互作用是很复杂的，并且这样深水里的桥的损坏鉴定是关键技术保证安全服务。就增加的集体效果和液体结构相互作用效果而言基于非线性的莫里森方程，结构上的水动力学压力的效果被分析。一系列在水下的摇晃表格测试在空中并且在水里被进行。水动力学压力影响的动态特征被讨论，水动力学压力的分发也被分析。另外，结构的损坏通过自然频率和形式的弯曲的差别被区分，并且当时与测试结果相比。这研究的数字模拟和测试显示结构上的水动力学压力的效果不应该被忽视。损坏，损坏的地点和严厉的度的存在能通过结构频率和形式的弯曲的差别的变化被判定，这也被发现。

简介：-ThisarticleisaimedattheexperimentalstudyofthehydrodynamicloadinginducedbywavesandcurrentactingontheJZ20-2submarinecompositepipelines.Thecorrespondinghydrodynamiccoefficientsobtainedinthisexperimentalstudycanbeappliedtoengineeringprojects.

简介：Inthepresentresearch,thestudyofSong(2004)forrandominterracialwavesintwo-layerfluidisextendedtothecaseoffluidsmovingatdifferentsteadyuniformspeeds.Theequationsdescribingtherandomdisplacementsofthedensityinterfaceandtheassociatedvelocitypotentialsintwo-layerfluidaresolvedtothesecondorder,andthewave-waveinteractionsofthewavecomponentsandtheinteractionsbetweenthewavesandcurrentsaredescribed.Asexpected,theextendedsolutionsincludethoseobtainedbySong(2004)asonespecialcasewherethesteadyuniformcurrentsofthetwofluidsaretakenaszero,andthesolutionsreducetothosederivedbySharmaandDean(1979)forrandomsurfacewavesifthedensityoftheupperfluidandthecurrentofthelowerfluidarebothtakenaszero.

简介：BasedontheopticaldatafortransmittedradiationthroughseaiceintheArcticduringthelateautumnandearlywinterof2007,theauthorsstudiedthearrivingsolarradiation,reflectedradiationandtransmittedradiationunderverylowsolaraltitude.Throughtheatmosphere,thelightofthearrivingsolarradiationatshortwavelengthwasweakened,withthespectraldistributionofdoublepeakscenteredat490nmand683nm.Themagnitudeofthepeakat683nmevenexceededthatat490nmundertheverylowsolarradiationcondition.Thereflectionwaslowerthanthatinsummertimebecauseofthethinthicknessesoficeandsnow,allowinghigherratioofheattoentertheseaiceandsnow.Whenhigherratioofsolarradiationenteredseaiceinlateautumn,thenewicefreezingwouldbeaffected.Thespectralreflectivityfromsnowsurfacewasalmostaconstant,butthereflectionwithoutsnowde-creasedatlongerwavelengths.Inthetransmissionspectrum,thelightof490nmwasdominant.Itindicatesthattheradiationatlongerwavelengthwasweakenedbyseaice.Therefore,undertheconditionoflowsolaraltitude,theradiationatshorterwavelengthwasweakenedbytheatmospherewhiletheradiationatlongerwavelengthwasweakenedbytheseaice.Thecombinedeffectofat-mosphereandseaicemadethesolarradiationunderseaicemuchweaker.Theabsorptionofseaiceforthelonger-wavelengthradiationallowedtheseaicetogainmoreheattoslowdownthefreezingprocess.