简介：Trafficruleisakeyfactoraffectingtrafficflowandsafety.Wedevelopourmodels,includingthecellularautomatatrafficflowmodelaswellasthelinearregressionone,aimingatcalculatingtrafficflowandevaluatingsafetyconditionswithvariedtrafficrules.Then,wethoroughlyinvestigatefourtypesofpathsinafreeway,namelytwostraightlanes,threestraightlanes,ramps,androundaboutsascasestudiesanddiscussthedifferenttrafficrulesascomparison.Theresultsdemonstratethat“Keep-Right-Except-To-Pass”ruleisnotaseffectiveasthefreeruleinpromotingtrafficflow;however,thisruleensuressafetyfordriversbetterthanthefreerule.Additionally,anewtrafficrule,whichsetsdifferentpostedspeedlimitsforadjacentlanes,isproposedtopromotebettertrafficflowwithsafetyrequirementssatisfied.Furthermore,weapplyeffectiverulesandalternatives,leftdrivingnormsaswellasintelligentsystemasextensionandobtainbetterresults.Finally,model’ssensitivityanalysisregardingtoprobabilityofdeceleratingandpostedspeedlimitsprovesthestabilityofourresults.

简介：Trajectoriesofflyinghotparticleswerepredictedinthiswork,andthetemperaturesduringthemovementwerealsocalculated.Oncetheparticletemperaturedecreasedtothecriticaltemperatureforahotparticletoignitebuildinginsulationmaterials,whichwaspredictedbyhot-spotignitiontheory,thedistanceparticletraveledwasdeterminedastheminimumsafetydistanceforpreventingtheignitionofbuildinginsulationmaterialsbyhotparticles.Theresultsshowedthatforspherealuminumparticleswiththesameinitialvelocitiesanddiameters,thehorizontalandverticaldistancestraveledbyparticleswithhigherinitialtemperatureswerehigher.Smallerparticlestraveledfartherwhenotherconditionswerethesame.Thecriticaltemperatureforanaluminumparticletoigniterigidpolyurethanefoamincreasedrapidlywiththedecreaseofparticlediameter.Thehorizontalandverticalsafetydistanceswerecloselyrelatedtotheinitialtemperature,diameterandinitialvelocityofparticles.Theseresultscouldhelpupdatethesafetyprovisionoffireworkdisplay.

简介：Mechanicalcharacterizationofsteelframestructureafterfireareanalyzedbasedonfiredynamics,heattransfertheory,structuralmechanics,andfiniteelementtheory.Westudythetemperaturecharacteristicsandmechanicalpropertiesofsteelframestructureunderdifferentfirelocationsandproposeasafetyevaluationmethod.Wealsoanalyzedamagelevelofmainframecomponents,maximumtemperatureoffire,thermalcharacteristicsofframecomponents,firingduration,etc.toprovideusefulinformationforfireresistancedesignofthesteelframestructureandpost-disastersafetyevaluation.