简介：Weexperimentallydemonstratea4×4nonblockingsiliconthermo-optic(TO)switchfabricconsistingofthreestagesoftunablegeneralizedMach–Zehnderinterferometers.All24routingstatesfornonblockingswitchingarecharacterized.Thedevice’sfootprintis4.6mm×1.0mm.Measurementsshowthattheworstcrosstalkofallswitchingstatesis-7.2dB.Theon-chipinsertionlossisintherangeof3.7–13.1dB.TheaverageTOswitchingpowerconsumptionis104.8mW.
简介：Ｏｎ △Ｉ＝４ Ｂｉｆｕｒｃａｔｉｏｎ ＰｈｅｎｏｍｅｎａＯｎ△Ｉ＝４ＢｉｆｕｒｃａｔｉｏｎＰｈｅｎｏｍｅｎａ￥ＺｈａｎｇＪｉｎｇｙｅ；ＹａｎｇＳｕｎａｎｄＭｉｋｅＧｕｉｄｒｙＴｈｅｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔｓ－ｂｙｔｈｅｎｅｗ７－－ｒａｙｄｅｔｅｃｔｏｒ...
简介：Therearemoreandmorecountriestoakeanefforttothestudiesofvanadiumalloyforfusionapplication.NIFSinJapanhasrecentlydevelopedan80kgheatV4Cr4Tialloy(NIFS-heat2)aftertheproductionofa500kgscaleV4Cr4TiinU.S.severalyearsago.PropertyevaluationofthealloyhasbeenputintoaninternationalcollaborationprogramunderthecoordinationofIEA(InternationalEnergyAgency).SWIPhasjoinedthecollabrationonthehydrogenembrittlementresistanceevaluationofthealloyt.
简介：SinceitserliestyearsofR&D[1],theGEANT4simulationtoolkithasbeendevelopedfollowingsoftwareprocessstandardswhichdictatedtheoverallevolutionoftheproject.Thecomplexityofthesoftwareinvolved,thewideareasofapplicationofthesoftwareproduct,thehugeamountofcodeandCategorycomplexity,thesizeanddistributednatureoftheCollaborationitselfareallingredientswhichinvolveandcorrelatetogetherawidevarietyofsoftwareprocesses.Althoughin"production"andavailabletothepublicsinceDecember1998,theGEANT4softwareproduct[1]includesCategoryDomainswhicharestillunderactivedevelopment.Thereforetheyrequiredifferenttreatmentalsointermsofimprovementofthedevelopmentcycle,system,testingandusersupport,ThisarticleismeanttodescribesomeofthesoftwareprocessesastheyareappliedinGEANT4forbothdevelopment,testingandmaintenanceofthesoftware.
简介：Vanadiumalloys(V-Cr-Tiseries)areimportantcandidatematerialsforblanketcomponentsoffusionreactorsduetotheirlowactivationandhighstrengthatelevatedtemperatures.Low-temperatureirradiationembrittlementdeterminestheoperationtemperaturelimitofVanadiumalloysfortheapplicationtostructuralmaterialsoffusionreactorsirradiationresponseofvanadiumalloysneedstobeclarifiedfortheirapplication.Inthepresentstudy,specimensoftwoalloys(V-4Cr-4TiandV-5Cr-5Ti)wereirradiatedwithenergeticHeionsandheavyionstounderstandhardeningofthealloysduetoheliumaccumulationandcascadedamageproduction.
简介：Inthispaper,AgBF4/[emim][BF4]supportedionicliquidmembranes(SILMs)werepreparedsuccessfullyforCO/N2separationusingnitrogenpressureimmobilizationprocedures.TheincorporationofAgBF4coulddecreasemembraneweightloss,improvethepressure-resistantability,andkeepthecriticalpressure(0.45MPa)oftheSILMs.ThehighviscosityandundissolvedAgBF4solidsinmembraneliquidwoulddisturbgasmoleculartransportthroughmembraneandgiverisetothegastransportresistance.Therefore,thegaspermeabilitydecreasedremarkablywithincreasingAgBF4carriercontentinthemembrane.WhenthemolarratioofAgBF4to[emim][BF4]increasedfrom0:1to0.3:1,theCO/N2selectivityoftheSILMsshowedagreatincreasefrom~1to~9at20°Cand0.4MPa,suggestingthatAgBF4wasaneffectivecarrierforCOfacilitatedtransport.ThepermeabilitiesofN2andCOincreasedathighertransmembranepressure,indicatingthatmoleculartransportwoulddominatethetransportprocessathighpressure.Thetemperature-dependentgaspermeabilityfollowedtheArrheniusequation.Moreover,thedifferencesbetweentheactivationenergiesofCOandN2becamelargerafterintroducingAgBF4,resultinginmoreobviousdecreaseintheCO/N2selectivityathigheroperatingtemperature.
简介：TheGAUDIsoftwareframeworkistobeusedforallevent-processingapplicationsintheLHCbexperiment.TheGEANT4toolkithasbeenintegratedintoGAUDItoformthebasisoftheLHCbsimulationprogramGAUSS.Thebenefitsofthisapproacharethatitpermitsre-useofbasicservices,suchaspersistency,interactivityanddatavisualization,aswellasphysicsalgorithmsthatwereoriginallydevelopedinthecontextofthereconstructionandanalysisprograms.FollowingtheGAUDIphilosophy,theintegrationhasbeenachievedbydevelopinganumberofserviceswithabstractinterfacesthatcanbepluggedinatrun-time.Wedescribetheoveralldesignanddetailsofthecomponentsforinterfacingthedetectorgeometry,theprimaryinteractionandtheoutputfromtrackingparticlesthroughthedetector.
简介：Thispaperinvestigatesthetemperaturefielddistributionandthermalfocallengthwithinalaserdiodearray(LDA)end-pumpedYVO4/Nd:YVO4rectangularcompositecrystal.AgeneralexpressionofthetemperaturefielddistributionwithintheNd:YVO4rectangularcrystalwasobtainedbyanalysingthecharacteristicsoftheNd:YVO4crystalandsolvingthePoissonequationwithboundaryconditions.ThetemperaturefielddistributionsintheNd:YVO4rectangularcrystalfortheYVO4/Nd:YVO4compositecrystalandtheNd:YVO4singlecrystalareresearchedrespec-tively.CalculatingthethermalfocallengthwithintheNd:YVO4rectangularcrystalwasdonebyananalysisoftheadditionalopticalpathdifferences(OPD)causedbyheat,whichwasveryidenticalwithexperimentalresultsinthispaper.ResearchresultsshowthatthemaximumrelativetemperatureontherearfaceoftheNd:YVO4crystalinthecompositecrystalis150Kandthethermalfocallengthis35.7mmwhentheoutputpoweroftheLDAis22W.Inthesamecircumstances,theexperimentalvalueofthethermalfocallengthis37.4mm.Sotherelativeerrorbetweenthetheoreticalanalysisandtheexperimentalresultisonly4.5%.Withthesameconditions,thethermalfocallengthoftheNd:YVO4singlecrystalis18.5mm.SotherelativerateofthethermalfocallengthbetweentheYVO4/Nd:YVO4crystalandtheNd:YVO4crystalis93%.So,thethermalstabilityoftheoutputpowerandthebeamqualityoftheYVO4/Nd:YVO4laserismoreadvantageousthanthelaserwithNd:YVO4singlecrystal.
简介：AKerr-lens,mode-lockedYVO4∕Nd:YVO4lasercoupledwithanacousto-opticmodulator（AOM）Q-switchingnear1064nmwasemployedtopumpanintracavityKTiOPO4（KTP）opticalparametricoscillator.Asubnanosecondsignalwavenear1572nmwithlowrepetitionratewasrealized.AtanAOMrepetitionrateof8kHz,themaximumoutputpowerwas165mW.Thehighestaveragepulseenergy,theshortestduration,andthehighestpeakpowerofamode-lockingsignalpulsewereestimatedtobe～10.3μJ,～120ps,and～82kW,respectively.
简介：Geant4LowEnergyElectromagneticpackageProvidesaprecisetreatmentofelectromagneticinterationsofparticleswithmatterdowntoverylowenergies(250oVforelectronsandphotons,<1keVforhadronsandions),Itincludesaverietyofmodelsfortheelectromagneticprocessesofelectrons,photons,hadronsandions,takingintoaccountadvancefeatures,suchasshelleffectsandeffectsduetochargedependence.Thecomprehensivesetofparticletypesitcanhandle,thevarietyofmodelingapproachesandtheextendedcoverageofenergyrangemakethispackageauniquetoolamongMonteCarlocodesonthemarket,andofrelevancetoserveralexperimentaldomainsinHIEP,astroparticlephysics,spacescienceandbiomedicalstudies.
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![AgBF<b style='color:red'>4</b>/[emim][BF<b style='color:red'>4</b>] supported ionic liquid membrane for carbon monoxide/nitrogen separation](/image/thesis11 "AgBF<b style='color:red'>4</b>/[emim][BF<b style='color:red'>4</b>] supported ionic liquid membrane for carbon monoxide/nitrogen separation")
