简介:国家发改委财政金融司副司长郭向军近日在北京举行的中国中西部国际投融资高峰论坛上说.提高中小企业的竞争能力,对中国的崛起具有重要意义。今后,我国将采取四项措施,在股权投资等方面优先对中小企业进行支持。2005年,财政部会同国家发改委等十个部门共同出台了《创业投资企业管理暂行办法》,为我国发展创业投资提供了一个良好的环境。自《创业投资企业管理暂行办法》颁布以来.国家发改委又着手制定有关配套政策。首先对创业投资企业给予一定的税收优惠政策。主要是允许创业投资型企业将投资额抵扣所得税。目前.政策的制定基本上已经告一段落,预计近期就可以实施。其次,设立一些创业投资引导基金,引导社会资金流向创业投资企业,特别是投资于起步期的企业,弥补这些企业在投资成长期、成熟前期的资金不足。
简介:Currently,thedesignpracticeofhighwaybridgesaroundtheworldaremovingtowardslimitstatesdesign,areliability-baseddesignprocedure.CanadianHighwayBridgeDesignCode(CHBDC)isthefirstdesigncodeentirelydevelopedbasedonlimitstatesdesignphilosophy,includingfoundationsandFRPcomponents.However,reliabilityofastructuredecreasesinserviceduetoenvironmentalattacksandmaterialdeteriorationsuchasfatigue,corrosionandmanyotherreasons.Therefore,thestructureshouldbeinspectedperiodically,andthereliabilityofthestructureshouldbeevaluatedaccordingtoitsageandfielddata.Ifitsreliabilityisreducedtoacertainlevel,arepairshouldbescheduledaswellassomepreventivemaintenancemeasuresshouldbeimplementedtopreventfurtherdeterioration.Recently,manyresearchworkshavebeenconductedtoinvestigatereliability-deteriorationmechanismsforeachtypeofinfrastructureanditscomponents,optimizetheinspectionandmaintenancestrategy,predictremainingservicelife,estimateitslifecyclecost.Thispaperisfocusedonthestudyofreliability-deteriorationmechanismsofslabonsteelgirderbridgesduetofatigueandcorrosionofsteelgirdersaswellascorrosionofreinforcementinthedeckslab.Exampleswillalsobegiventoillustratetheproposedlifecyclemanagementstrategyforcompositeslabonsteelgirderbridges.