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简介：某些疾病被知道引起变化在物理并且房间的biomechanical性质。这些在其它之中包括癌症，疟疾，和镰刀房间贫血症。典型地，如此的物理性质变化能导致房间僵硬的几褶层增加或减少，它是重要的并且能导致严重病理和最终的灾难的故障身体功能。当有时开发了生物化学、生物的试金检测疾病的发作或存在，总是有需要开发更快速、精确、敏感的方法检测并且诊断疾病。Biomechanical性质变化能起一个重要作用在这方面。因此，对疾病biomechanics的研究不能仅仅给我们位于疾病前进下面的机制的深入的知识，但是能也为察觉和诊断用作一个强大的工具。这篇文章提供一些卓见进机会因为在疾病的发作或前进期间在细胞的机械性质换掉怎么重要，能为察觉和诊断作为有用工具被利用。我们将也展示已经被开发了执行如此的察觉和诊断的几种技术。

简介：WeconsiderthemodificationsofthemonicHermiteandGegenbauerpolynomialsviatheadditionofonepointmassattheorigin.Somepropertiesoftheresultingpolynomialsarestudied;three-termrecurrencerelation,differentialequation,ratioasymptotics,hypergeometricrepresentationaswellas,forlargen,thebehaviouroftheirzeros.

简介：ThepaperconsiderstheKrylov-LanczosandtheEckhoffapproximationsforrecoveringabivariatefunctionusinglimitednumberofitsFouriercoefficients.Theseapproximationsarebasedoncertaincorrectionsassociatedwithjumpsinthepartialderivativesoftheapproximatedfunction.ApproximationoftheexactjumpsisaccomplishedbysolutionofsystemsoflinearequationsalongtheideaofEckhoff.AsymptoticbehaviorsoftheapproximatejumpsandtheEckhoffapproximationarestudied.Exactconstantsoftheasymptoticerrorsarecomputed.Numericalexperimentsvalidatetheoreticalinvestigations.

简介：Inbiosciencepapers,besidestheotherscientificmisconductissues,replicationofthemethodsectionisacommonproblembecauseduplicationisalwaysbeingdetectedinthesectionMaterialsandMethods.Weeditorsoftenreceivecommentsandqueriesfromauthorswhothinkthatitisamatterofcoursetocopytheirownpublishedmaterialsasopposedtocopyingthoseofothers.Howshouldeditorshandlesuchpaperswithsimilarcontentinthemethodsectionandhowtoguideauthorsinwritingthemethodsectionwithoutbeingaccusedofplagiarism?Whatisright?Whatiswrong?Herewestudiedanexampletoexplainthisproblem.

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简介：Leta,b,cberelativelyprimepositiveintegerssuchthata2+b2=c2.Je′smanowicz’conjectureonPythagoreannumbersstatesthatforanypositiveintegerN,theDiophantineequation(aN)x+(bN)y=(cN)zhasnopositivesolution(x,y,z)otherthanx=y=z=2.Inthispaper,weprovethisconjectureforthecasethataorbisapowerof2.

简介：Thedynamicsofclassicalroboticsystemsareusuallydescribedbyordinarydifferentialequationsviaselectingaminimumsetofindependentgeneralizedcoordinates.However,differentparameterizationsandtheuseofanonminimumsetof(dependent)generalizedcoordinatescanbeadvantageousinsuchcaseswhenthemodeleddevicecontainsclosedkinematicloopsand/orithasacomplexstructure.Ononehand,theuseofdependentcoordinates,likenaturalcoordinates,leadstoadifferentmathematicalrepresentationwheretheequationsofmotionaregivenintheformofdifferentialalgebraicequations.Ontheotherhand,thecontroldesignofunderactuatedrobotsusuallyreliesonpartialfeedbacklinearizationbasedtechniqueswhichareexclusivelydevelopedforsystemsmodeledbyindependentcoordinates.Inthispaper,weproposeadifferentcontrolalgorithmformulatedbyusingdependentcoordinates.Theappliedcomputedtorquecontrollerisrealizedviaintroducingactuatorconstraintsthatcomplementthekinematicconstraintswhichareusedtodescribethedynamicsoftheinvestigatedserviceroboticsysteminrelativelysimpleandcompactform.TheproposedcontrollerisappliedtothecomputedtorquecontroloftheplanarmodeloftheACROBOTERservicerobot.Thestabilityanalysisofthedigitallycontrolledunderactuatedservicerobotisprovidedasarealparametercasestudyforselectingtheoptimalcontrolgains.

简介：Thepresentpaperdealswiththeaveragecase,complexityoftheshift-invariantproblem.Themainaimistogiveanewproofoftheupperboundofaverageerroroffiniteelementmethod.OurmethodisbasedonthetechniquesproposedbyHeinrich(1990).WealsopointoutanessentialerrorregardingtheproofoftheupperboundinA.G.Werschulz(1991).

简介：我们考虑随机的表面diffeomorphisms的两方面的作文产生的随机的系统，和一项各态历经的Borel概率措施)X，让D(na)是它样品措施的尺寸，，然后，我们证明联系Z>(/xffl)到熵和随机的系统的Lyapunov代表的一个公式D{我一)是暗淡的唔，暗淡公克，或dimBlm。

简介：Intheflatcase,theanswertotheproblemposedbySteenbrinkandZuckerisgiven.

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简介：Datacollectedonthesurfaceoftheearthoftenhasspatialinteraction.Inthispaper,anon-isotropicmixingspatialdataprocessisintroduced,andundersuchaspatialstructureanonparametrickernelmethodissuggestedtoestimateaspatialconditionalregression.Undermildregularities,sufficientconditionsarederivedtoensuretheweakconsistencyaswellastheconvergenceratesforthekernelestimator.Ofinterestarethefollowing:(1)Alltheconditionsimposedonthemixingcoefficientandthebandwidtharesimple;(2)Differentlyfromthetimeseriessetting,thebandwidthisfoundtobedependentonthedimensionofthesiteinspaceaswell;(3)Forweakconsistency,themixingcoefficientisallowedtobeunsummableandthetendencyofsamplesizetoinfinitymaybeindifferentmannersalongdifferentdirectioninspace;(4)However,tohaveanoptimalconvergencerate,fasterdecreasingratesofmixingcoefficientandthetendencyofsamplesizetoinfinityalongeachdirectiona

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简介：Assumethatm≥2,pisaprimenumber,(m,p(p-1))=1,-1(Z/mZ)~*and[(Z/mZ)~*:]=4.Inthispaper,wecalculatethevalueofGausssumG(X)=Σ_(x∈F_q~*)x(x)ζ_p~(T(x))overF_q,whereq=p~f,f=((m))/4xisamultiplicativecharacterofF_qandTisthetracemapfromF_qtoF_p.Underourassumptions,G(x)belongstothedecompositionfieldKofpinQ(ζm)andKisanimaginaryquarticabeliannumberfield.WhentheGaloisgroupGal(K/Q)iscyclic,wehavestudiedthiscycliceaseinanotherpaper:'Gausssumsofindexfour:(1)cycliccase'(acceptedbyActaMathematicaSinica,2003).Inthispaperwedealwiththenon-cycliccase.