简介:摘要:目的:甲状腺结节分类诊断过程中采用TI-RADS分类法,观察该种分类方法的应用效果。方法:将我科2018年1月--2020年10月的甲状腺结节297例患者353个结节作为观察对象,并且根据分类方法不同,将患者分成一组和二组,一组使用TI-RADS分类法,二组使用ATA标准分类。结果:(1)本次总共选择353个甲状腺结节作为研究对象,其中良性结节210个,占比59.49%;恶性结节143个,占比40.50%。(2)一组和二组甲状腺结节分类后从NPV、PPV、敏感性、特异性、准确性对照中,一组分别是94.33%、76.20%、88.66%、84.13%、89.23%,二组分别是85.26%、69.68%、77.33%、71.10%、81.01%。(x2=10.021,p=0.000),结果有差异。结论:甲状腺结节诊断过程中采用TI-RADS分类法价值较高,该种方法值得在临床上推广。
简介:摘要传统分析方法不能有效地控制纵向研究中的时依混杂以得到无偏因果效应估计值。本研究解释了纵向研究中正确控制时依混杂的必要性,概述了现有控制时依混杂的G方法——参数g-formula、逆概率加权和G估计,并通过比较它们的优缺点和适用情况,为研究者在纵向研究中估计因果效应提供参考。
简介:摘要内耳畸形(inner ear malformation,IEM)包括膜迷路畸形和骨迷路畸形,临床上,内耳畸形特指可通过影像学观察的骨迷路畸形。内耳畸形分类由早些年基于影像和胚胎的分类方法不断完善,进展到近年来基于指导人工耳蜗手术的分类方法。本文对各种内耳畸形的分类进行系统阐述,重点关注不同分类方法间的差异,探究内耳畸形分类方法更新的意义以及与人工耳蜗手术和预后的关系。
简介:【摘要】目的:研究院前急救护理路径在急性心肌梗死患者院前救治中的应用效果。方法:将我急救中心2018年10月-2020年10月70例急性心肌梗死患者分为对照组与观察组,各35例。对照组给予基础院前急救护理,观察组给予院前急救护理路径。统计患者的静脉开放用时、急诊停留用时、首次球囊扩张用时、住院时长、不良心脏事件以及患者或家属的护理满意度。结果:相比于观察组,对照组患者的静脉开放用时、急诊停留用时、首次球囊扩张用时、住院时长,均明显更长,两组间的数据差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组患者的不良心脏事件发生率高达28.57%,大幅高于观察组患者的8.57%(P<0.05)。对照组患者或家属的护理满意度仅68.57%,而观察组患者高达88.57%(P<0.05)。结论:院前急救护理路径应用于急性心肌梗死患者的临床效果确切,不仅能显著缩短患者的急诊停留用时,且不良心脏事件发生率更低,患者或家属的护理满意度更高。
简介:摘要G蛋白信号调节蛋白2是一种对G蛋白偶联受体信号通路具有负性调节功能的生物学分子,在细胞增殖、凋亡、有丝分裂、细胞周期等方面扮演重要的角色。笔者以G蛋白信号调节蛋白2的结构与生物学功能为切入点,就其在肿瘤组织中的表达及其与肿瘤诸多恶性生物学行为的关系展开综述,为今后将G蛋白信号调节蛋白2作为新的诊断标志物或治疗靶点提供新的思路。
简介:AbstractBackground:The elimination of Plasmodium vivax malaria requires 8-aminoquinolines, which are contraindicated in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency due to the risk of acute haemolytic anaemia. Several point-of-care devices have been developed to detect G6PD deficiency. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of two of these devices against G6PD genotypes in Mauritania.Methods:Outpatients were screened for G6PD deficiency using CareStart™ rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and CareStart™ G6PD biosensor in Nouakchott, Mauritania, in 2019-2020. African-type and Mediterranean-type G6PD genotypes commonly observed in Africa were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing. Qualitative variables were compared using Fisher’s exact test.Results:Of 323 patients (74 males and 249 females), 5 males and 2 homozygous females had the African-type A-genotype: A-(202) in 3 males and 2 females and G6PD A-(968) in 2 males. Among heterozygous females, 13 carried G6PD A-(202), 12 G6PD A-(968), and 3 G6PD A-(542) variants. None had the Mediterranean-type G6PD genotype. Eight had a positive G6PD RDT result, including all 7 hemizygous males and homozygous females with A- or A-A- (0.12 to 2.34 IU/g haemoglobin, according to G6PD biosensor), but RDT performed poorly (sensitivity, 11.1% at the cutoff level of < 30%) and yielded many false negative tests. Thirty-seven (50.0%) males and 141 (56.6%) females were anaemic. The adjusted median values of G6PD activity were 5.72 and 5.34 IU/g haemoglobin in non-anaemic males (n = 35) and non-anaemic males and females (n = 130) with normal G6PD genotypes using G6PD biosensor, respectively. Based on the adjusted median of 5.34 IU/g haemoglobin, the performance of G6PD biosensor against genotyping was as follows: at 30% cut-off, the sensitivity and specificity were 85.7% and 91.7%, respectively, and at 80% cut-off, the sensitivity was 100% while the specificity was 64.9%.Conclusions:Although this pilot study supports the utility of biosensor to screen for G6PD deficiency in patients, further investigation in parallel with spectrophotometry is required to promote and validate a more extensive use of this point-of-care device in areas where P. vivax is highly prevalent in Mauritania.