简介：AbstractBackground:Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can detect lesions hidden in inflammatory regions and find necrosis or areas of severe fibrosis within the lesion. This retrospective study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of solid pancreatic lesions using percutaneous ultrasound (US)-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) with or without CEUS assessment.Methods:Clinical, imaging, and pathologic data of 181 patients from January 2014 to December 2018 in Pecking Union Medical College Hospital, with solid pancreatic masses who underwent percutaneous US-FNA and ThinPrep cytologic test were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were divided into CEUS and US groups according to whether CEUS was performed before the biopsy. According to FNA cytology diagnoses, we combined non-diagnostic, neoplastic, and negative cases into a negative category. The positive category included malignant, suspicious, and atypical cases. The final diagnosis was confirmed by pathology or clinical and radiological follow-up for at least 12 months. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of US-FNA were evaluated between the two groups.Results:This study enrolled 107 male and 74 female patients (average age: 60 years). There were 58 cases in the US group and 123 cases in the CEUS group. No statistically significant differences in age, gender, or lesion size were found between the two groups. The diagnostic accuracy of the CEUS group was 95.1% (117/123), which was higher than the 86.2% (50/58) observed in the US group (P = 0.036). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of the CEUS group were increased by 7.5%, 16.7%, 3.4%, and 18.8%, respectively, compared with the US group. However, the differences of the two groups were not statistically significant.Conclusions:Compared with the conventional US, the use of CEUS could improve the biopsy accuracy and avoid the need for a repeat biopsy, especially for some complicated FNA cases.

简介：ObjectivesTostudythecharacteristicofpulmonaryembolism(PE)incontrast-enhancedCT.MethodsTheradiologicalfeaturesweredescribedin20patientswithlobarandproximalPEdiagnosedwithaToshibaXpress/SXCTscanneraftercontrastmaterialwasadministrated.ResultsTherewere7casesofpulmonaryembolism(PE)secondarytolowerlimbdeepveinthrombosis(DVT),ofwhich2caseswererelatedtosaunabath.Wegroupedthecasesaccordingtotheirextensivenessofembolism:mild,moderate,severe,orcompleteembolism.Mildembolism:theembolioccupiedlessthan30%,oftheinnerdiameterofpulmonaryartery(PA).Medianembolism:theembolioccupied30~50%ofthePAdiameter.Severeembolism:theembolioccupiedoverhalfofthePA(50%),buttherewerecontrastflow.Completedembolism:therewasnocontrastfoundaroundtheemboli.ThedirectsignofPEwasafillingdefectornoopacificationintheaffectedbranchofpulmonaryartery(PA).Therewere9othersecondarysigns:①widenPA,②enlargedrightventricleandtherightatrium,③increasedtranslucencyofthelunganddecreasedbronchovascularshadows,④shrunkenpulmonaryveinslikeddriedrattan,⑤decreasedleftatriumandtheleftventriclesize,⑥shiftingofinterventricularseptumtotheleftandposteriordirection,⑦Thelaterallungparenchymademonstratedinatriangularshape,⑧pleuraleffusionand⑨pericardiacleeffusion.ConclusionsThediagnosisofPEwasrevealedby10radiologicalsignsbycontrast-enhancedCT:Withfullunderstandingofthepathophysiologicalbasisofthese10signs:correctdiagnosisofpulmonaryembolismcanbemade.PEiscommonlycausedbylowerlimb.Andsaunabathisoneofthemainpredisposingcauses.

简介：瞄准：评估诊断精确性，敏感，在检测颜色的本地复发的提高对比的计算tomographiccolonography的特性表面的癌症。方法：从2000年1月到2004年12月，434个病人在以后潜在地药品为侵略颜色的切除术表面的癌症被跟随在上面为从20～55瞬间的经期。为复发显示出充分临床的证据的434个病人中的八十个在最后后续期间渲染表面的癌症在这研究被注册。每个病人在一样的天经历了提高对比的计算tomographiccolonography和结肠镜检查。任何损害，活体检视，在colonoscopic期间鉴别检查，立即的复杂并发症和过程的持续时间被记录。提高对比的计算tomographiccolonography的结果被结肠镜检查，发现的surgical，和临床的后续比作那些评估。结果：提高对比的计算tomographiccolonography在检测本地周期性的颜色有100%，83%的特性和94%的全面精确性的敏感表面的癌症。结论：常规结肠镜检查和提高对比的tomographiccolonography能在检测颜色的本地复发补充对方表面的癌症。

简介：AbstractBackground:It is crucial to differentiate accurately glioma recurrence and pseudoprogression which have entirely different prognosis and require different treatment strategies. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) as a tool for distinguishing glioma recurrence and pseudoprogression.Methods:According to particular criteria of inclusion and exclusion, related studies up to May 1, 2019, were thoroughly searched from several databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Chinese biomedical databases. The quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies was applied to evaluate the quality of the included studies. By using the "mada" package in R, the heterogeneity, overall sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio were calculated. Moreover, funnel plots were used to visualize and estimate the publication bias in this study. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was computed to display the diagnostic efficiency of DCE-MRI.Results:In the present meta-analysis, a total of 11 studies covering 616 patients were included. The results showed that the pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio were 0.792 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.707-0.857), 0.779 (95% CI 0.715-0.832), and 16.219 (97.5% CI 9.123-28.833), respectively. The value of the area under the SROC curve was 0.846. In addition, the SROC curve showed high sensitivities (>0.6) and low false positive rates (<0.5) from most of the included studies, which suggest that the results of our study were reliable. Furthermore, the funnel plot suggested the existence of publication bias.Conclusions:While the DCE-MRI is not the perfect diagnostic tool for distinguishing glioma recurrence and pseudoprogression, it was capable of improving diagnostic accuracy. Hence, further investigations combining DCE-MRI with other imaging modalities are required to establish an efficient diagnostic method for glioma patients.

简介：瞄准：与颜色在病人在肝切除术期间发现秘密转移表面的癌症肝转移(CRCLM)，提高对比的intraoperativeultrasonography(CE-IOUS)用一个新微水泡代理人被执行，sonazoid，它在Kupffer房间基于它的累积提供一幅实质特定的对比图象。方法：有CRCLM的八个病人在肝切除术前用sonazoid经历了CE-IOUS。肝在迟了的Kupffer阶段成像期间被调查，它是sonazoid的一个珍贵特征。结果：用sonazoid的CE-IOUS提供了早脉管阶段并且为10min的正弦曲线阶段图象在sonazoid的注射以后由迟了的Kupffer阶段图象列在后面直到30min。IOUS没在8个病人提供变形损害的新调查结果。在sonazoid的迟了的Kupffer阶段图象期间，然而，变形损害最新在8个病人中的二个被发现。这些最新检测的损害被作为转移诊断的另外的肝切除术和组织病理学说的联盟者移开。结论：用sonazoid的CE-IOUS能允许外科医生与足够的时间调查整个肝并且intraoperatively发现新转移。

简介：Nanotechnologyprovidesvariousnanomaterialswithtremendousfunctionalitiesforcancerdiagnosticsandtherapeutics.Recently,theranosticshasbeendevelopedasanalternativestrategyforefficientcancertreatmentthroughcombinationofimagingdiagnosisandtherapeuticinterventionsundertheguidanceofdiagnosticresults.Ultrasound(US)imagingshowsuniqueadvantageswithexcellentfeaturesofreal-timeimaging,lowcost,highsafetyandportability,makingUScontrastagents(UCAs)anidealplatformforconstructionofcancertheranosticagents.ThisreviewfocusesonthedevelopmentofnanomaterialsincorporatedmultifunctionalUCAsservingastheranosticagentsforcancerdiagnosticsandtherapeutics,viaconjugationofsuperparamagneticironoxidenanoparticles(SPIOs),CuSnanoparticles,DNA,siRNA,goldnanoparticles(GNPs),goldnanorods(GNRs),goldnanoshell(GNS),grapheneoxides(GOs),polypyrrole(PPy)nanocapsules,Prussianblue(PB)nanoparticlesandsoontodifferenttypesofUCAs.Thecancertreatmentcouldbemoreeffectivelyandaccuratelycarriedoutundertheguidanceandmonitoringwiththehelpoftheachievedtheranosticagents.Furthermore,nanomaterialsincorporatedtheranosticagentsbasedonUCAscanbedesignedandconstructedbydemandforpersonalizedandaccuratetreatmentofcancer,demonstratingtheirgreatpotentialtoaddressthechallengesofcancerheterogeneityandadaptation,whichcanprovidealternativestrategiesforcancerdiagnosisandtherapeutics.

简介：Objective:Todeterminethevalueofdiffusion-tensorimaging（DTI）asanadjuncttodynamiccontrastenhancedmagneticresonanceimaging（DCE-MRI）forimprovedaccuracyofdifferentialdiagnosisbetweenbreastductalcarcinomainsitu（DCIS）andinvasivebreastcarcinoma（IBC）.Methods:TheMRIdataof63patientspathologicallyconfirmedasbreastcancerwereanalyzed.TheconventionalMRIanalysismetricsincludedenhancementstyle,initialenhancementcharacteristic,maximumslopeofincrease,timetopeak,timesignalintensitycurve（TIC）pattern,andsignalintensityonFST2WI.Thevaluesofapparentdiffusioncoefficient（ADC）,directionally-averagedmeandiffusivity(Davg),exponentialattenuation（EA）,fractionalanisotropy（FA）,volumeratio（VR）andrelativeanisotropy（RA）werecalculatedandcomparedbetweenDCISandIBC.MultivariatelogisticregressionwasusedtoidentifyindependentfactorsfordistinguishingIBCandDCIS.Thediagnosticperformanceofthediagnosisequationwasevaluatedusingthereceiveroperatingcharacteristic（ROC）curve.ThediagnosticefficaciesofDCEMRI,DWIandDTIwerecomparedindependendyorcombined.Results:EAvalue,lesionenhancementstyleandTICpatternwereidentifiedasindependentfactorfordifferentialdiagnosisofIBCandDCIS.ThecombinationdiagnosisshowedhigherdiagnosticefficacythanasingleuseofDCE-MRI（P=0.02）,andtheareaofthecurvewasimprovedfrom0.84（95%CI,0.67-0.99）to0.94（95%CI,0.85-1.00）.Conclusions:QuantitativeDTImeasurementasanadjuncttoDCE-MRIcouldimprovethediagnosticperformanceofdifferentialdiagnosisbetweenDCISandIBCcomparedtoasingleuseofDCE-MRI.

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简介：Objective:Photoacoustic(PA)tomography(PAT)hasattractedextensiveinterestbecauseofitsopticalabsorptioncontrastandultrasonicdetection.ThisstudyaimstodevelopabiocompatibleandbiodegradablePAcontrastagentparticularlypromisingforclinicalapplicationsinhumanbody.Methods:Inthisstudy,wepresentedaPAcontrastagent:1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethyleneglycol)](DSPE-PEG)-coatedsuperparamagneticironoxide(SPIO)nanoparticles(NPs)loadedwithindocyaninegreen(ICG).WeusedICGandSPIONPsbecausebothdrugsareapprovedbytheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration.Giventhestrongabsorptionofnear-infraredlaserpulses,SPIO@DSPE-PEG/ICGNPswithauniformdiameterof~28nmcouldsignificantlyenhancePAsignals.Results:WedemonstratedthecontrastenhancementoftheseNPsinphantomandanimalexperiments,inwhichtheinvivocirculationtimeofSPIO@DSPE-PEG/ICGNPswasconsiderablylongerthanthatoffreeICG.ThesenovelNPsalsodisplayedahighefficiencyoftumortargeting.Conclusions:SPIO@DSPE-PEG/ICGNPsarepromisingPATcontrastagentsforclinicalapplications.

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简介：在这个工作，加入铝到钢被超声进行提高的磨擦促使焊接(USE-FSW)。力量超声被一个超声的转动缝接模块同时地介绍给进金属表之一FSW过程。产生焊接，他们的微观结构和他们的腐蚀性质上的超声的效果被轻、扫描的电子显微镜学和腐蚀调查调查。USE-FSW-joints在接口在金块地区以及FeAl3的一个更薄的连续金属间化合的阶段显示出更少和更小的钢粒子。计算laminography的非破坏性的测试方法证明了眼的显微镜学为两种技术由于非多孔的关节做的观察。腐蚀调查在钠氯化物答案为ENAW-6061/DC04-hybrid关节显示出仅仅低的腐蚀电流密度和没有提高的流电的腐蚀。

简介：现在的学习是为检测HIFU调查微分成像方法(高紧张集中了超声)导致的损害和为有木头的损害评估的变细的变化的评价光谱差别算法。在vitro的牛的肌肉和肝的实验结果被获得。为损害察觉的几个算法-绝对差别(广告)，加绝对差别(悲伤)并且加摆平的差别(SSD)-与几种窗户尺寸和阀值价值被分析。当时，三个变细参数与相比评估织物的度损坏。它被发现吝啬的变细的那个变化()是一个有效参数评估损害。

简介：不管是在应试英语还是在实用英语中，比较性文章的写作都是很常见的，有时要强调两种事物的共同点、有时要强调不同点、有时对两者都需要强调。中国人的比较往往只是零散地罗列。使文章显得无组织无层次，那么怎样才能写出英语地道、结构紧凑的比较性文章呢？

简介：摘要Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has both diagnostic and therapeutic clinical applications. This review article focuses on recent advances in two commonly performed procedures: EUS-guided tissue acquisition and EUS-guided drainage. There is a shift from acquiring aspirates for cytology to obtaining tissue cores for histological diagnoses and molecular analyses. There is growing interest and research about artificial intelligence in EUS. Artificial intelligence may potentially be useful to guide clinical decision making if biopsy results are non-diagnostic. The range of EUS-guided drainage procedures has expanded. EUS-guided drainage of walled-off pancreatic fluid collections is an accepted first line treatment option. EUS-guided palliative drainage of malignant biliary obstruction after unsuccessful endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is now an accepted alternative to percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage. EUS-guided gallbladder drainage for management of acute cholecystitis is now a preferred option over percutaneous cholecystostomy for non-surgical candidates. Other EUS-created gastrointestinal anastomoses such as EUS-guided gastroenterostomy in the context of gastric outlet obstruction, and EUS-directed transgastric ERCP for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass are now technically feasible, but further prospective randomized studies are needed to establish the actual clinical impact.

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简介：为了更方便地并且更快速理解超声图象的内容，在这份报纸，我们建议一个coarse-to-fine超声图象captioning整体模型，它能自动地产生由相关n克构成在超声图象描述疾病信息的注解文章。首先，在超声图象的机关被粗糙的分类模型检测。第二，超声图象被相应有细密纹理的分类模型根据机关标签编码。最后，我们输入编码向量到产生模型自动地产生的语言产生模型，和语言在超声描述疾病信息的注解文本想象。在我们的实验，编码模型能在超声图象识别获得高精确性率。并且语言产生模型能自动地产生高质量的注解文本。在实际应用，coarse-to-fine超声图象captioning整体模型能帮助病人和医生获得很好超声图象的内容理解。

简介：Ultrasound(US)-inducedcavitationisaneffectivewayinoxidizingorganiccontaminantsinwastewatereitherastheindependentoperationunitorincombinationwithotheroxidationmethods.Inthispaper,blackliquorandfiltrateafteracidifyingandsettlingweresonicated.Theeffectofworkingparametersonultrasonicdegradationofblackliquor,suchasdifferentcombinationmethods,frequency,powersupply,initialconcentration,pH,durationtime,ionicstrengthandcatalystwerestudied.Theresultswereasfollows:(1)Attheconditionsof40kHz,100W,4h,pHat6andtemperature30±2℃,utilizingUS/US-H2O2/US-Fenton,weak-orangefiltrateturnedtocolloidwiththeincreaseoftimeandlittlesedimentproducedaftersettling.EspeciallyfiltratecametobemilkwhitecollidesandupperwaterapproachedtonearlyachromaticbyUS-Fenton.ComparedwiththeUS,US-H2O2/US-FentonCOD(Chemicaloxidationdemand)removalratiocanincrease15%,30%respectively.Becauseofmorehydroxylradicalsproducedinthereactionprocess;(2)Attheconditionof100Wand4h,thedegradationefficiencyofblackliquorwasbetterat40kHzoverat20kHz.Moreoverblackliquorcanbebiodegradedeasily.Thosebasedonthatthebigmoleculeofcontaminantsinaqueoussolutioncanbechangedintothelittlemoleculewithultrasound(3)Attheconditionof40kHzand4h,theCODremovalratioofblackliquorwasmorehigherat60Wthanat80W,whiletheremovalratioofCODat60Wwasnearlyclosetotheratioat100W;(4)Theinitialconcentrationofblackliquorinfluencedtheeffectofsonochemicaldegradation;(5)ThevariationofpHhadnoeffectondegradation;(6)Thelongerthedurationtime,thegreatertheremovalratioofCOD.Butthisratioincreasedslowlyafter4h;(7)Adding0.2g/LNaCltochangetheionicstrengthoftheblackliquor,theCODremovalratiocanincrease10%;(8)ThedegradationratesincreasedbythecoexistentcatalystsofTiO2,Co2+andAg+.

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简介：Anewmethodofcontrastenhancementisproposedinthepaperusingmultiscaleedgerepresentationofimages,andisappliedtothefieldofCTmedicalimageprocessing.ComparingtothetraditionalWindowtechnique,ourmethodisadaptiveandmeetsthedemandofradiologyclinicsmorebetter.TheclinicalexperimentresultsshowthepracticalityandthepotentialappliedvalueofourmethodinthefieldofCTmedicalimagescontrastenhancement.

简介：the meals often have a great cementing effect on family life. In the eyes of the British people,half of the flavoring could not be found here. Maybe that is one of the reasons why the British food is not very delicious.The British people like desserts very much,and some have no breakfast at all or only a hot drink. The midday lunch time is from about 12