简介:AbstractObjective:The prevalence of midline birth defects, such as gastroschisis, has increased worldwide, over the last few decades. This study aims to explore the prevalence, maternal epidemiological characteristics, and natural history of neonates affected by gastroschisis at the University Hospital of León city, Nicaragua.Methods:Data were collected from the birth defect surveillance system of the Hospital Oscar Danilo Rosales (HEODRA). The analysis included all pregnancies that had gastroschisis complications between January 1 and December 31, 2020. The prevalence of gastroschisis was calculated according to maternal age. The mothers were interviewed, and the clinical records of the newborns were reviewed.Results:Among the 4,460 deliveries included in this study, four cases of gastroschisis were identified, including three live births and one stillbirth. The gastroschisis rate was 8.9 per 10,000 live births (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.18-17.8). The prevalence among mothers younger than 20 years and those older than 20 years was 26.4 (95% CI: -3.43 to 56.25) and 3.01 (95% CI: 2.89-8.90)/10,000 births, respectively. Mothers of gastroschisis-affected fetuses were of rural origin (n = 3), had normal body mass indexes (n = 3), were exposed to tobacco and wood smoke (n = 2), and one was exposed to pesticides during the periconceptional period. Primary closure of the gastroschisis was performed on one patient, and complex gastroschisis for intestinal perforation was observed in another patient. The mean hospitalization duration was 33 days, and two patients were discharged alive.Conclusions:Gastroschisis was a significant birth defect among children delivered at HEODRA in 2020. Its prevalence in Nicaragua was higher than that in other countries in the region. All complicated pregnancies were young women with unplanned pregnancies, from rural areas, with exposure to secondhand smoke, and without vitamin supplements before or during the first trimester of pregnancy. Only 67% of infants survived after hospital discharge.
简介:摘要:有意义的语言重复,不再是简单的语言堆砌,而是教师基于对学生的了解,对社会的认识,对生活的感悟,对教材的解析,并伴随着情感和教学目标的变化而调整后的重复。这种气吞山河的力度、春风化雨的情怀、化腐朽为神奇的语言力量直击学生的心灵,让晦涩变得明白,让抽象变得具体,让高深变得浅显。这就是教师语言所孜孜以求的N次方效应。
简介:摘要 目的:了解临床N0-N2级护士对生存质量的认知状况及其影响因素,从而促进护理质量的提高并起到推动优质护理服务的作用。方法:采用自设问卷,对我院和某三甲医院心血管内科、呼吸科、肾内科、消化内科、神经内科、肿瘤科、内分泌科、脑外科、肝胆外科和骨伤科护士进行问卷调查,内容包括一般资料、护士对生存质量的认知和态度以及领床护士开展评价生命质量的困难等。结果:①30.0%的护士知道生命质量,52.8%的不知道生存质量的概念,并且有58.6%的不知道目前国内生命质量的研究方向。②在临床上有81.4%从没有运用过生命质量。③56.5%很愿意进一步了解学习生命质量,并且有51.0%希望通过专题讲座的方式来学习。
简介:摘要:本文从认知语义学的视角出发去阐释转喻N+N合成名词语义的形成过程,以韩国语N+N合成名词中一个或以上的构成词素发生转喻的词为研究对象,结合概念整合理论探究转喻N+N合成名词语义的动态构建过程。