简介：1）碳、硅同为第ⅣA族元素且在周期表中位置相邻,为什么CO_2为气态,而SiO_2则为坚硬的固态？碳元素与硅元素的原子结构相似,故其单质及化合物在物理、化学性质方面有很多相似之处.比如,其单质均可形成微观四面体结构（金刚石与晶体硅）;其简单氢化物分子均为正四面体型结构;最高价氧化物的水化物均为弱酸等.

简介：Newvisibletransparent,UVabsorption,andhighinfraredreflectionpropertieshavebeenrealizedbydepositingmultilayerSiO2/ZnO：Al/CeO2-TiO2/SiO2filmsontoglasssubstratesatlowtemperaturebyradiofrequencymagnetronsputtering.OptimumthicknessofSiO2,ZnO：Al（ZAO）andCeO2-TiO2（CTO）filmsweredesignedwiththeaidofthinfilmdesignsoftware.Thedegreeofantireflectioncanbecontrolledbyadjustingthethicknessandrefractiveindex.TheouterSiO2filmcandiminishtheinterferencecoloringandincreasethetransparency;theinnerSiO2filmimprovestheadhesionofthecoatingontheglasssubstrateandpreventsCa2＋,Na＋intheglasssubstratefromenteringtheZAOfilm.Theaveragetransmittanceinthevisiblelightrangeincreasesbynearly18%-20%,ascomparedtodoublelayerZAO/CTOfilms.Andthefilmsdisplayhighinfraredreflectionrateofabove75%inthewavelengthrangeof10-25μmandgoodUVabsorption（〉98%）properties.Thesesystemsareeasytoproduceonalargescaleatlowcostandexhibithighmechanicalandchemicaldurability.ThetriplefunctionalfilmswithhighUVabsorption,antireflectiveandhighinfraredreflectionratewilladapttoapplicationinflatpaneldisplayandarchitecturalcoatingglass,automotiveglass,withdiminishinglightpollutionaswellasdecreasingeyefatigueandincreasingcomfort.

简介：摘要随着绿色环保经济的推行，国家对大型工业产业的节能降耗提出了严格的要求。钢铁厂的烧结工艺是能源消耗最为巨大的环节，这一环节的节能降耗关系到整个行业产能的提升与产值的达标。经研究发现，改善烧结条件、提高设备的利用与控制水平、选取先进成熟的烧结工艺、全面加强生产与管理，可有效降低烧结工艺的能耗。

简介：研究了纳米SiO2和β成核剂对PP/POE复合材料力学性能的影响,并用广角X射线衍射仪（WAXD）对其进行了表征。结果表明：纳米SiO2的加料方式影响PP/POE复合材料的力学性能,先将PP和纳米SiO2共混挤出,再与POE共混制备得到的复合材料冲击强度最高。当纳米SiO2含量为4%时,PP/POE/纳米SiO2复合材料的综合力学性能最好。在PP/POE/纳米SiO2复合体系中的加入β成核剂后,复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度下降,而韧性进一步提高,当β成核剂含量为0.4%时,复合材料的缺口冲击强度和断裂伸长率达到最大值,拉伸强度也明显提高。XRD表明,β成核剂在纳米SiO2改性PP/POE复合体系中能显著诱导β晶的生成。

简介：研究了橡塑比、过氧化物复合硫化体系及KH-570硅烷偶联剂对动态硫化EPDM/PP/SiO2共混物的力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着PP含量的增加,动态硫化EPDM/PP/SiO2共混物的力学性能和硬度增加,但压缩永久变形增加,断裂伸长率却减小。过氧化物复合硫化体系中,当DCP为1.5份时,动态硫化EPDM/PP/SiO2共混物的综合物理力学性能较好。加入KH-570改性的白炭黑,对EPDM/PP/SiO2共混物起到补强的作用;且提高共混物的交联密度,降低压缩永久变形。

简介：利用射频(RF)共溅射的方法在n-Si(111)衬底上,以SiO_2为主靶,上面放置不同数量的Si片和石墨片,沉积出掺杂氧化物SiC复合薄膜,随后在不同温度下进行退火处理,并研究了其光致发光谱和光激发谱。不同C含量的样品在450nm和580nm附近均得到不同强度的发光峰,主要来自于Si、C注入后引起的基质成键变化而带来的氧空位缺陷和Si晶粒,对于C含量较高的样品在580nm处观察到黄光发射与C团簇有关。利用FTIR和XRD表征了复合膜的结构,UV—VIS分光光度计表征了复合膜的透射吸收特征。

简介：Inthiswork,theinfluenceofCO2onthestructuralvariationandcatalyticperformanceofNa2WO4/Mn/SiO2foroxidativecouplingofmethanetoethylenewasinvestigated.ThecatalystwaspreparedbyimpregnationmethodandcharacterizedbyXRD,RamanandXPStechniques.AppropriateamountofCO2inthereactantgasesenhancedtheformationofsurfacetetrahedralNa2WO4speciesandpromotedthemigrationofOinMOx,Na,Wfromthecatalystbulktosurface,whichwerefavorableforoxidativecouplingofmethane.WhenthemolarratioofCH4/O2/CO2was3/1/2,enrichedsurfacetetrahedralNa2WO4speciesandhighsurfaceconcentrationofOinMOx,Na,Wweredetected,andthenhighCH4conversionof33.1%andhighC2H4selectivityof56.2%wereobtained.WithfurtherincreaseofCO2inthereagentgases,thecontentofactivesurfacetetrahedralNa2WO4speciesandsurfaceconcentrationofOinMOx,Na,Wdecreased,whilethatofinactivespecies(MnWO4andMn2O3)increaseddramatically,leadingtolowCH4conversionandlowC2H4selectivity.ItcouldbespeculatedthatNa2WO4crystalwastransformedintoMnWO4crystalwithexcessiveCO2addedunderthereactionconditions.PretreatmentofNa2WO4/Mn/SiO2catalystbymoderateamountofCO2beforeOCMalsopromotedtheformationofNa2WO4species.

简介：在常压连续流动固定床反应器上，考察了MoO_3担载量和反应温度对部分还原态MoO_x／SiO_2催化剂用于正庚烷异构化反应催化性能的影响。结果表明，在MoO_3担载量13．1％-34．5％范围内，MoO_x／SiO_2催化剂的正庚烷转化率随MoO_3担载量增加而大幅增加，由于钼物种与载体之间的相互作用，该催化剂的比活性是MoO_3催化剂的1／9；M003担载量34．5％的MoO_x／SiO_2（6h）催化剂，在反应温度613K时正庚烷的转化率达到48．08％的最大值。

简介：IntheprocessofsynthesisofnanometerSiCprecursorswithsol-gelofSiO2andlignin,theproductsofallsizesrequiredcanbecontrolledbytheconcentrationofreac-tants,pH,temperature,ractionandageingtime,andsoon.Thebestconditionsinthisreserchare:theconcentrationofNa2SiO3andorganicmattersare4.50%and26.4%respectively,pH=3.3,T=65℃，ageingtimeis30min,driedat150℃，thesizeofSiCprecursorsisabout2.0μm。

简介：改善高温气冷用石墨抗氧化性能对高温气冷堆安全性具有重要意义。本文利用HSC—CHEMISTRY4．1计算软件分析了SiC涂层、SiO2涂层和SiC／SiO2复合涂层在高温气冷堆正常服役条件和事故条件下的热稳定性，并用氧化试验对热稳定性和抗氧化性能进行了研究。结果表明，SiC／SiO2复合涂层在高温气冷堆正常服役条件和事故条件均能保持长期稳定。在纯氮气及氮气-空气混合气体氧化条件下，SiC／SiO2复合涂层均具有很好的热稳定性，并且能显著改善高温气冷堆用石墨的抗氧化性能。

简介：LowcementAl2O3-SiO2castableswaspreparedusingsupergradebauxite(w(Al2O3)>85%)asaggregate,brownfusedcorundum,siliconcarbide,Secar71CAcement,α-Al2O3micropowderandmicrosilicaasfinepowders.TheinfluenceofSiC(0,5wt%,10wt%,and15wt%)onresistancetoPbO-richslagwasinvestigatedbystaticcrucibleslagtest(1300℃for5h,inair).TheslagcorrosionmechanismofthecastableswasanalyzedbymeansofSEM,EDSandXRD.TheresultsshowthattheresistanceofAl2O3-SiO2castablestoPbO-richslagisimprovedobviouslybytheadditionofSiC.ThecorrosionmechanismofthePbO-richslagcanbediscribedasthatPbOintheslagreactswithSiO2andCaOinAl2O3-SiO2castables,forminglow-meltingcompounds(suchasPbO·SiO2and2PbO·SiO2).

简介：采用水溶液自由基聚合法合成了聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵-丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸(PDM-AM-AA),将其分别与含氢键的二氧化硅(RNS-H)、含氨基的二氧化硅(RNS-Am)、有机化合物双层修饰二氧化硅(DNS-1)和单层有机链修饰二氧化硅(DNS-2)复合制备了系列聚合物/纳米二氧化硅复合材料(PDM-AM-AA/SiO2)。将系列PDM-AM-AA/SiO2分别配合2%铬粉应用于皮革鞣制工艺中,对鞣制后坯革进行了物理力学性能检测。FT-IR结果表明:成功制备了聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵-丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸;RNS-H和RNS-Am分别与-CONH2或-COOH发生氢键结合。应用结果表明:PDM-AM-AA/RNS-H纳米复合材料配合2%铬粉鞣制后,坯革的耐湿热稳定性、增厚率和抗张强度提高最明显;PDM-AM-AA/RNS-Am纳米复合材料配合2%铬粉鞣制后,坯革的撕裂强度提高最明显。

简介：Theeffectofλ/2SiO2overcoatonthelaserdamagecharacteristicsofHfO2/SiO2high-reflector(HR)coatingsisinvestigatedwith1-on-1andN-on-1laserdamagetestmethods.Thelaserdamagesurfaceof1-on-1isanalyzedbyastepanalyzer.ThesurfacemorphologiesshowthatlaserdamagemakesthecoatingdamagedareaprotrudentandroughforHRcoatingwithoutλ/2silicaovercoat,butconcaveandsmoothforHRcoatingwithλ/2silicaovercoat.Theresultof10-on-1multi-pulseirradiationonthesamepointofthecoatingshowsthatthereisanenergydensitystageonthedamagecurve.Ifthelaserenergydensityiswithintherangeofthestage,HfO2/SiO2HRcoatingswithλ/2silicaovercoatwillnotbedamagedmorethan2timesformulti-shots,andthesurfacedamagesareveryslightsothatthereisnoimpactonthecoatingperformance.Anotherinterestingresultisthattheenergydensitystageextendsfromthedamagethresholdtothepointofabout3timesofthreshold,whichissimilartotheeffectofthelaserconditiononcoating.

简介：Ni-W-P-CeO2-SiO2nano-compositecoatingswerepreparedonthecarbonsteelsurfacebypulseco-depositionofnickel,tungsten,phosphorus,nano-CeO2andnano-SiO2particles.Theinfluenceofnano-SiO2particlesconcentrationsinelectrolyteonmicrostructuresandpropertiesofthenano-compositecoatingswereresearched,andthecharacteristicswereassessedbychemicalcompositions,elementdistribution,depositionrate,microhardnessandmicrostructures.Theresultsindicatethatwhennano-SiO2particlesconcentrationsinelectrolytearecontrolledat20g·L-1,thedepositionratewith27.07μm·h-1andthemicrohardnesswith666Hvofthenano-compositecoatingsarehighest,elementlinescanningandareascanninganalysesshowthattheaveragecontentsofelementsW,P,SiandCeinthenano-compositecoatingsareclose,displayingthatthedistributionofeveryelementwithinthenano-compositecoatingsiseven.Anincreaseinnano-SiO2particlesconcentrationsinelectrolyte(whenlowerthan20g·L-1)leadstorefinementingrainstructureofnano-compositecoatings,butwhenitimprovedto30g·L-1,thecrystallitesizesincreaseagainandinthemeantimetherearealotofsmallbosswithnodulationshapeappearingonthesurfaceofnano-compositecoatings.

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简介：TheapproachofutilizingcombustionsynthesistomakefineparticlesofSiO2,Al2O3andTiO2isaquitemoderntechnology.Throughthechemicalreactioninpost-flameregion,fineSiO2particlescanbeformedwithhighpurityonplatesurface.Therefore,thecombustionsynthesisofSiO2powdersisanimportantareaforfurtherresearchanddevelopment,especiallyfortheapplicationofSiO2inthesemiconductorindustry.Thisinvestigationproposesanexperimentalapproach(i.e.,agas-phasecombustionsynthesis)usingtwodifferentkindsoforganiccompounds,Hexamethyldisilazane(HMDSA)andHexamethyldisioxane(HMDSO),asthesiliconprecursors.ApremixedgasburnerischosenwithC3H8asfuel,airasoxidantandpartoftheairwasusedasthecarryinggastoentrainHMDSA/HMDSOvaporintothecombustiblemixture.ObservationsshowthattheC3H8/airflamechangedcolorfromapale-blueflametolightyellowandthenorangewhendifferentamountsofprecursorswereintroduced.Throughthechemicalreactioninthepost-flameregion,fineSiO2particleswereformedinthegasphaseandthenquenchedandcollectedonanaluminumflatplate.TheobjectiveofthispaperistostudytheeffectsofHMDSOandHMDSAconcentrationsandflametemperaturesonthesynthesisofSiO2particles.

简介：SiO2气凝胶及纤维复合SiO2气凝胶材料因轻质、高效、导热系数低等优点在保温隔热领域备受关注,应用前景广阔。其隔热性能、力学性能与微观结构、化学组成密切相关。本文对现阶段常见的微观结构、隔热性能、力学性能的表征方法做了介绍,常见的有密度、疏水角、晶态结构、微观形貌、比表面积及孔径分布、导热系数、化学组成、热稳定性、抗弯抗压等。综述了以上各种表征方法存在的优缺点及表征参数变化说明的问题。各种表征方法得到的表征参数之间存在紧密联系,需要从多角度理解和分析。

简介：采用先驱体浸渍裂解工艺制备了2.5D-SiO2f/（SiO2＋硅树脂）透波材料,并对其力学性能、耐环境性能和耐大功率微波辐照性能进行了研究.结果表明,环境试验前后,2.5D-SiO2f/（SiO2＋硅树脂）透波材料的力学性能和介电性能变化均较小.采用功率密度为60W/cm2的微波考核1h后,透波材料表面无变化,表面温升仅为82℃.

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简介：Thioglycolicacid(TGA)-stabilizedCdTenanocrystals(NCs)werepreparedwithsodiumtelluriteastelluriumsource,whichavoidsthecumbersomeprocessesassociatedwithH2TeorNaHTesources.FluorescentCdTe/SiO2compositesweresynthesizedbyasol-gelmethodwithouttheexchangeofsurfaceligands.ThephasestructureofCdTeNCswasinvestigatedbyX-raydiffractometry.Forcomparison,somecharacterizationsweredoneforboththeCdTeNCsandthecomposites.CdTeNCsandCdTe/SiO2compositeswerecharacterizedwithTEM,digitalcameraandfluorescencespectrophotometer.ThestabilityofCdTeNCsandthecompositeswereinvestigatedinphosphate-bufferedsaline(PBS)bufferandthefluorescentpropertiesofthecompositeswerediscussedindetail.