简介：我们开发一个系统在我们的实验室用导致激光的故障光谱学(解放)测量无准备的样品的元素的作文，它能在固体，液体和喷雾器被用于元素的决心。包括激光，样品房间和察觉，对乐器学的描述被简短讨论跟随。在气压的铝的解决时间的解放被介绍。在结束，可能性和这种技术的以后的使用简短被讨论。

简介：Steadystateandtime-resolvedautofluorescencespectroscopiesareemployedtostudytheautofluorescencecharacteristicsofhumancolonictissuesinvitro.Theexcitationwavelengthvariesfrom260to540nm,andthecorrespondingfluorescenceemissionspectraareacquiredfrom280to800nm.Significantdifferenceinfluorescenceintensityofexcitation-emissionmatrices(EEMs)isobservedbetweennormalandtumorcolonictissues.Comparedwithnormalcolonictissue,lownicotinamideadeninedinucleotide(phosphate)(NAD(P)H)andflavinadeninedinucleotide(FAD),andhighaminoacidsandprotoporphyrinIX(PpIX)fluorescencescharacterizehigh-grademalignanttissue.Moreover,theautofluorescencelifetimesofnormalandcarcinomatouscolonictissuesat635nmunder397-nmexcitationareabout4.32±0.12and18.45±0.05ns,respectively.ThehighaccumulationofendogenousPpIXincoloniccancersisdemonstratedinbothsteadystateandtime-resolvedautofluorescencespectroscopies.更多还原

简介：Nanoscaleplasmonic系统小空间规模把光频率的优点与那些相结合，围绕由利用表面电浆子的强壮的地监禁的常规photonic系统的限制。由于到nanoscale的这小型化，电子显微镜学技术是选择的自然研究方法。最近的年看见了联合电子和光子的使用启用表面电浆子的崭新的看法以的很多种电子显微镜学技术的开发联合空间，精力，和时间分辨率。这评论试图由构画出他们适用性的各自的试验性的领域并且加亮他们特别地适用于plasmonics的互补力量和限制从一个试验性的观点提供这些不同途径的比较调查。

简介：Anewtime-resolvedshifteddualtransmissiongratingspectrometer(SDTGS)isdesignedandfabricatedinthiswork.ThisSDTGSusesanewshifteddualtransmissiongrating(SDTG)asitsdispersivecomponent,whichhastwosubtransmissiongratingswithdifferentlinedensities,of2000lines/mmand5000lines/mm.TheaxesofthetwosubtransmissiongratingsinSDTGarehorizontallyandverticallyshiftedacertaindistancetomeasureabroadrangeof0.1–5keVtime-resolvedX-rayspectra.TheSDTGhasbeencalibratedwithasoftX-raybeamofthesynchrotronradiationfacilityanditsdiffractionefficiencyisalsomeasured.ThedesignedSDTGScantakefulluseofthespaceonarecordpanelandimprovetheprecisionformeasuringspatialandtemporalspectrumsimultaneously.ItwillbeapromisingapplicationforaccuratediagnosisofthesoftX-rayspectrumininertialconfinementfusion.

简介：Oneofthetechnicalbottlenecksoftraditionallaser-inducedbreakdownspectroscopy(LIBS)isthedifficultyinquantitativedetectioncausedbythematrixeffect.Totroubleshootthisproblem,thispaperinvestigatedacombinationoftime-resolvedLIBSandconvolutionalneuralnetworks(CNNs)toimproveKdeterminationinsoil.Thetime-resolvedLIBScontainedtheinformationofbothwavelengthandtimedimension.Thespectraofwavelengthdimensionshowedthecharacteristicemissionlinesofelements,andthoseoftimedimensionpresentedtheplasmadecaytrend.Theone-dimensionaldataofLIBSintensityfromtheemissionlineat766.49nmwereextractedandcorrelatedwiththeKconcentration,showingapoorcorrelationofR^2c=0.0967,whichiscausedbythematrixeffectofheterogeneoussoil.Forthewavelengthdimension,thetwo-dimensionaldataoftraditionalintegratedLIBSwereextractedandanalyzedbyanartificialneuralnetwork(ANN),showingR^2v=0.6318andtherootmeansquareerrorofvalidation(RMSEV)=0.6234.Forthetimedimension,thetwo-dimensionaldataoftime-decayLIBSwereextractedandanalyzedbyANN,showingR^2v=0.7366andRMSEV=0.7855.Thesehigherdeterminationcoefficientsrevealthatboththenon-KemissionlinesofwavelengthdimensionandthespectraldecayoftimedimensioncouldassistinquantitativedetectionofK.However,duetolimitedcalibrationsamples,thetwo-dimensionalmodelspresentedover-fitting.Thethree-dimensionaldataoftime-resolvedLIBSwereanalyzedbyCNNs,whichextractedandintegratedtheinformationofboththewavelengthandtimedimension,showingtheR^2v=0.9968andRMSEV=0.0785.CNNanalysisoftime-resolvedLIBSiscapableofimprovingthedeterminationofKinsoil.

简介：Adischarge-produced-plasma(DPP)sourceemittingintheextremeultraviolet(EUV)spectralregionisrunningattheENEAFrascatiResearchCentre.Theplasmaisgeneratedinlow-pressurexenongasandefficientlyemits100-nsdurationradiationpulsesinthe10–20-nmwavelengthrange,withanenergyof20mJ/shot/srata10-Hzrepetitionrate.Thecomplexdischargeevolutionisconstantlyexaminedandcontrolledwithelectricalmeasurements,whileansgatedCCDcameraallowedobservationofthedischargedevelopmentinthevisible,detectionoftime-resolvedplasmacolumnpinching,andoptimizationofthepre-ionizationtiming.AccuratelycalibratedZr-filteredPINdiodesareusedtomonitorthetemporalbehaviourandenergyemissionoftheEUVpulses,whilethecalibrationofadosimetricfilmallowsquantitativeimagingoftheemittedradiation.Thiscomprehensiveplasmadiagnosticshasdemonstrateditseffectivenessinsuitablyadjustingthesourceconfigurationforseveralapplications,suchasexposuresofphotonicmaterialsandinnovativephotoresists.

简介：Broadband（1.6–18THz）terahertztime-domainspectroscopy（THz-TDS）andtime-resolvedterahertzspectroscopy（TRTS）wereperformedona54μmthickchalcogenideglass(As30Se30Te40)samplewithatwo-colorlaser-inducedairplasmaTHzsystemintransmissionandreflectionmodes,respectively.Twoabsorptionbandsat2–3and5–8THzwereobserved.TRTSrevealsanultrafastrelaxationprocessofthephotoinducedcarrierresponse,welldescribedbyarateequationmodelwithafiniteconcentrationofmid-bandgaptrapstatesforself-trappedexcitons.ThephotoinducedconductivitycanbewelldescribedbytheDrude–Smithconductivitymodelwithacarrierscatteringtimeof12–17fs,andweobservesignificantcarrierlocalizationeffects.Afastrefractiveindexchangewasobserved100fsbeforetheconductivityreacheditsmaximum,with2ordersofmagnitudelargeramplitudethanexpectedfortheopticallyinducedTHzKerreffect,indicatingthatfreecarriersareresponsibleforthetransientindexchange.

简介：Wedemonstratethatthemethodologyoffrequency-resolvedopticalgating(FROG)isapplicabletotime-resolvedreflectionspectroscopyofaplasmamirrorinthevacuum-ultraviolet(VUV)region.Ourrecentstudy[R.Itakuraetal.Opt.Express23,10914(2015)]hasshownthataVUVwaveformcanberetrievedfromaVUVreflectionspectrogramofaplasmamirrorformedonafusedsilica(FS)surfacebyirradiationwithanintensefemtosecondlaserpulse.Simultaneously,theincreaseinthereflectivitywithrespecttotheFresnelreflectionoftheunexcitedFSsurfacecanbeobtainedasatime-dependentreflectivityoftheplasmamirror.Inthisstudy,weupdatetheFROGanalysisprocedureusingtheleast-squaregeneralizedprojectionsalgorithm.Thisprocedurecanreachconvergencemuchfasterthanthepreviousoneandhasnoaliasingproblem.ItisdemonstratedthatasignificantlychirpedVUVpulseaslongas1pscanbepreciselycharacterized.

简介：第一原则的计算被执行探索一系列graphene-nanoribbon-basednanojunctions的解决纺纱的电子、热电的运输性质。由扭动，处于到反平行的、很大的通道磁致电阻的从平行的graphene领先的磁性的时刻能为所有结构在不同的门电压下面被获得。为短nanojunctions的解决纺纱的交替水流的传导力增加对频率但是为长nanojunctions减少。与增加连接长度，连接的行为从象电容一样改变到象引入一样。因为费密水平附近的旋转起来thermopower和旋转下面thermopower的相反的符号，纯旋转电流能被获得，优点的大数字能被为所有nanojunctions调整门电压和化学潜力完成。

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简介：Ifyoucanreadaclock．youcanfindoutwhattimeisit．Butnooneknowswhattimeitselfis．Wecannotseeit．Wecannottouchit．Wecan-nothearit．Weknowitonlybythewaywemarkitspassing．

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简介：白羊座（3月21日-4月20日）本月白羊的工作情绪基本稳定，就算遇到挫折也能重拾信心，不过工作激情有所减退,也许是爱情太甜蜜，让你有点心不在焉。整理好情绪，尽量避免感情用事，找回工作的最佳状态。

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