简介：糖尿病性视网膜病变(Diabeticretinopathy,DR)是最为常见的致盲性眼底病变之一,其发病机制不明.长期以来,早期对于糖尿病性视网膜病变的治疗只是单纯控制血糖,但这并不能完全阻止糖尿病性视网膜病变的进一步发展.因此,研究全身相关因素的影响作用十分重要.近年来,国内外大量研究认为,许多全身因素对糖尿病性视网膜病变发生发展起重要作用.本文综述此方面成果,总结必须严格控制的相关危险因素,为最终通过全身综合干预以早期控制糖尿病性视网膜病变提供思路.

简介：Thekeratoprosthesis(KPro;artificialcornea)isaspecialrefractivedevicetoreplacehumancorneabyusingheterogeneousformingmaterialsfortheimplantationintothedamagedeyesinordertoobtainacertainvision.Themainproblemsofartificialcorneaarethebiocompatibilityandstabilityofthetissueparticularlyinpenetratingkeratoplasty.Thecurrentstudiesoftissue-engineeredscaffoldmaterialsthroughcomprisingcompositesofnaturalandsyntheticbiopolymerstogetherhavedevelopedanewwaytoartificialcornea.Althoughawideagreementthatthelong-termstabilityofthesedeviceswouldbegreatlyimprovedbythepresenceofcorneacells,modificationofkeratoprosthesistosupportcorneacellsremainselusive.Mostofthestudiesoncornealsubstratematerialsandsurfacemodificationofcompositeshavetriedtoimprovethegrowthandbiocompatibilityofcorneacellswhichcannotonlyreducethestimulusofheterogeneousmaterials,butalsomoreimportantlycontinuousandstablecorneacellscanpreventthedestructionofcollagenase.Thenecrosisofstromaandspontaneousextrusionofthedevice,allowformaintenanceofaprecornealtearlayer,andplaytheroleofensuringagoodopticalsurfaceandresistingbacterialinfection.Asaresult,improvementincornealcellshasbeenthemainaimofseveralrecentinvestigations;someefforthasfocusedonbiomaterialforitswellbiologicalpropertiessuchaspromotingthegrowthofcorneacells.Thepurposeofthisreviewistosummarythegrowthstatusofthecornealcellsaftertheimplantationofseveralartificialcorneas.

简介：目的：对影响糖尿病患者视网膜血管形态变化的相关因素进行分析。方法：选取2012-01/2016-09期间于本院就诊的2型糖尿病患者312例为研究对象。对患者进行、眼底摄片及相关实验室检查。以患者年龄、性别、病程、是否吸烟、饮酒,是否合并高血压、高血脂或糖尿病肾病等作为分组因素,比较不同组间患者出现视网膜血管形态变化的发生率,将有意义的因素再次引入Logistic回归方程,筛选出糖尿病患者视网膜血管形态变化的独立危险因素。结果：所选的312例2型糖尿病患者中,伴视网膜血管形态异常组169例,不伴视网膜血管形态异常组143例。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、病程、合并高血压、高血脂或糖尿病肾病与视网膜血管形态变化显著相关（P〈0.05）,性别、是否吸烟、饮酒等与视网膜血管形态异常的发生无显著相关性（P〉0.05）。将发生视网膜血管形态异常作为因变量,上述具有统计学意义的分组因素作为自变量,经Logistic逐步回归分析结果显示,病程、患者合并高血压或糖尿病肾病是发生视网膜血管形态异常的独立危险因素（P〈0.05）。结论：病程增加、患者合并高血压或糖尿病肾病是糖尿病患者发生视网膜血管形态变化的独立危险因素。早期诊断与干预,采取措施控制血压稳定,减少肾脏损害可降低视网膜血管病变的发生率,同时减少糖尿病所引发的大血管病变,减少心脑血管不良事件的发生。

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethepossiblerelationshipbetweentheinfluencingfactorsoccurringbeforeandduringbirthinfull-terminfantsandtheoutcomeofretinopathy.·METHODS:Totally816full-terminfantsadmittedintheneonateintensiveunitofBoaiHospitalofZhongshanbetween1May,2008and30June,2011wereincludedinthestudy.Fundusexaminationwasperformedandevaluatedindividuallyonthemattheageof48hoursafterdelivery,2weeksand1month.Somepossibleriskfactorshappeningprenatallyorduringdeliverysuchaspregnantrelatedhypertension,placentaprevia,placentalabruptionetc,aswellassomeneonatalriskfactorssuchasneonatalasphyxia,hypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy(HIE),lowbirthweightetc,wererecordedandevacuated.Thentheeffectoftheriskfactorsoffull-terminfantsonretinopathywasstudied.·RESULTS:Theincidenceofretinalhemorrhageoffull-terminfantswithprenatalpregnantrelatedhypertension(PRH)ofthemother(43.6%)wassignificantlyhigherthanthatoffull-terminfantswithout(8.0%).(P<0.001).Theincidenceofretinalhemorrhageoffull-terminfantswithneonatalasphyxiaand/orhypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy(HIE)(29.3%)wassignificantlyhigherthanthatofthosewithout(15.7%),butcorrelationwasnotfoundbetweentheseverityofretinahemorrhageandthedegreeofhypoxicdisease.Apalecolorofopticdiscwasassociatedwithalowbirthweightoffull-terminfant.Full-terminfantswithbirthweighlessthan2500ghadasignificanthigherincidenceofretinopathythanthosewithbirthweightequalormorethan2500g(P<0.001).·CONCLUSION:Themaininfluencingfactorswhichleadtoretinopathyofhighriskfull-terminfantsareprenatalfactorssuchasPRH,andsomeneonatalriskfactorssuchasasphyxia,hypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy,andlowbirthweight.

简介：AIM:ToInvestigatetheeffectsoftransforminggrowthfactorβ2(TGF-β2)andconnectivetissuegrowthfactor(CTGF)ontransdifferentiationofhumanlensepithelialcells(HLECs)culturedinvitroandsynthesisofextracellularmatrix(ECM).METHODS:HLECsweretreatedwithTGF-β2(0,0.5,1.0,5,10μg/L)andCTGF(0,15,30,60,100μg/L)fordifferenttimes(0,24,48,72h)invitroandtheexpressionofα-smoothmuscleactin(α-SMA),themaincomponentoftheextracellularmatrixtypeⅠcollagen(Col-1)andfibronectin(Fn)weremeasuredbyusingreal-timepolymerasechainreaction(PCR)andwestern-blot.RESULTS:TGF-β2andCTGFsignificantlyincreasedexpressionofα-SMAmRNAandprotein(P<0.05,P<0.001),FnmRNAandprotein(P<0.001),Col-1mRNAandprotein(P<0.001).TGF-β2couldinduceHLECsexpressionofCTGFmRNAandproteinindosedependentmanner(P<0.05,P<0.001).TGF-β2andCTGFcouldinduceHLECstoexpressα-SMA,FnandCol-1intime-dependentmanner.EachtimeofTGF-β2andCTGFinducedHELCsexpressionofα-SMA,Fn,Col-1mRNAandproteinwassignificantincreasecomparedwithcontrol(P<0.05,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:TGF-β2andCTGFcouldinduceHLECsepithelialmesenchymaltransitionandECMsynthesis.

简介：AIM:ToinvestigatethesideeffectsofthecommonlyusedlasertreatmentalongwithtestingtheneuroprotectiveeffectofbFGFonapotentialretinalimpairment.METHODS:Todothis,30chinchillapigmentedadultmalerabbitsweredividedintothecontrolandexperimentalgroups.ThecontrolandexperimentalgroupsunderwentbothlaserapplicationandbFGFtreatment.Theretinaltissueimpairmentanditsrenewalrateweretestedunderthelightandelectronmicroscopicallevels.RESULTS:Thefocallaserapplicationonrabbiteyescausedmorphologicalalterationsbothintheapplicationregionandintheneighbouringareas.Inthedamagedareas,theouternuclearlayeroftheneuralretinawasalmostdisappeared,retinapigmentepitheliumwasinterrupted,theretinapigmentepitheliummigratedintraretinally,andthedamagedregionalongwithneighbouringareasseemedtobenotseparated.bFGFapplicationjustafterthelaserphotocoagulation,revealedbetterresultsinapplicationareas.CONCLUSION:ItcouldbesuggestedthatthebFGFapplicationfollowinglaserphotocoagulationmighthaveprotective,repairingandwoundhealingeffectsontheretina.

简介：目的探讨开放性眼外伤合并球内异物的手术疗效,并进一步分析影响眼内炎和视网膜脱离并发症的相关因素.方法回顾性分析67例开放性眼外伤合并球内异物患者,探讨球内异物取出方式和疗效,并进一步研究影响眼内炎和视网膜脱离的相关因素.结果经角膜缘和球壁取出异物7例,经巩膜磁吸术取出11例,经玻璃体视网膜手术取出为49例;术后平均最佳矫正视力为3.63±0.85,较术前最佳视力（2.70±1.17）提高（P＜0.05）;眼内炎的发生和异物取出时间有相关性（P＜0.05）;视网膜脱离的发生和开放性眼外伤损伤区域有相关性（P＜0.05）.结论根据球内异物的性质、部位和眼外伤伤口、玻璃体视网膜情况选择合适的手术方式,取出异物,缝合伤口,可以最大限度恢复视功能;眼内炎和视网膜脱离的发生分别与异物取出时间和开放性眼外伤的损伤部位有关.

简介：目的分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（obstructivesleepapneahypopneasyndrome，OSAHS）各指标与听力变化之间的关系。方法随机选取行多导睡眠监测的OSAHS患儿62例，呼吸暂停低通气指数（apneahypopneaindex，AHI）大于等于5的32例为试验组，小于5的30例为对照组，同时行声导抗、瞬态诱发性耳声发射、畸变产物耳声发射及听性脑干反应、鼻咽侧位X线片、纤维鼻咽镜检查。结果两组问听性脑干反应V波阈值试验组左耳（31．85±14．07）dBnHL，右耳（33．50±12．68）dBnHL；对照组左耳（20．76±7．50）dBnHL，右耳（23．09±6．39）dBnHL，两组间左耳（P=0．003）、右耳（P=0．002）差异均有统计学意义。经非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示：变量AHI和声导抗声顺值是OSAHS患儿听力下降的危险因素。结论缺氧是OSAHS患儿听力变化的决定因素，对OSAHS患儿应尽早治疗。（中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志，2010，10：229-231）

简介：目的：利用频域三维相干光学断层扫描（threedimensionalfrequencydomaincoherentopticaltomography,3D-OCT）评估准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（laserinsitukeratomileusis,LASIK）对视网膜神经纤维层厚度（retinalnervefibrelayerthickness,RNFLT）的影响。方法：对83例83右眼接受LASIK治疗的受试者分别于术前及术后1d;1wk;1,3mo行3D-OCT检查,测量视乳头上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧及12个钟点位RNFLT,利用重复测量方差分析及配对t检验对术前及术后的数据统计学处理。结果：术前及术后各时间点行重复测量方差分析显示,视乳头下方、颞侧、5：00～11：00位RNFLT均值无显著差异（P〉0.05）,而视乳头上方、鼻侧、1：00～4：00位、12：00位RNFLT有显著差异（P〈0.05）;进一步对术前及术后各时间点视乳头上方、鼻侧、1：00～4：00位、12：00位RNFLT分别行配对t检验得出,术后1d时视乳头上方、鼻侧及1：00～4：00位、12：00位RNFLT较术前变薄,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,术后1wk;1,3mo时以上各方位RNFLT较术前比较均无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。同时表明RNFLT变薄与屈光度及激光时间成正相关。结论：LASIK术后早期上方及鼻侧RNFLT变薄,但术后1wk恢复至正常水平,LASIK手术对RNFLT无长远影响。

简介：目的：运用PlusoptixA09小儿自动测光仪探测雅加达地区学龄前儿童屈光不正及其他眼病的发生情况。方法：对雅加达的三个地区（南唐格朗,勿加泗和西雅加达）三所幼儿园中,平均年龄4.46岁（2～6周岁）的儿童进行屈光不正及其他眼病检测。结果：受检的166名儿童中,男生占51.2%（n=85）,女生48.8%（n=81）。视力筛选以Arthur修定标准为参考,并为15.67%（n=26）的儿童做更深一步的全面性眼部检查。其中2人高度远视,14人严重散光,6人散光加近视,1人屈光参差,1人无法检测,2人患有其他眼病（由慢性咳嗽导致的先天性眼睑下垂、严重瘀斑和结膜下出血）。结论：本研究表明,运用PlusoptixA09测出弱视危险因素结果为15.67%。此项数据表明,印度尼西亚地区医疗保健人员对学龄前儿童视力筛选工作不够重视,尤其是对不可逆性弱视的危害性重视度不够。

简介：AIM:Toexaminetheexpressionofsurvivinandvascularendothelialgrowthfactor(VEGF)duringthedevelopmentofretinalneovascularization(NV)inamousemodel.·METHODS:Awell-characterizedmurinemodelofretinalNVwasusedtostudytheexpressionofsurvivinandVEGF.NVoftheretinawasinducedinmicebyexposureto75%O2frompostnataldayP7toP12,followedbyreturntoroomairfromP12toP17.ExpressionofsurvivinandVEGFproteinwasanalyzedbyImmunohistochemistry.Inaddition,mousemodelofproliferativeretinopathywasanalyzedbyretinalfluoresceinangiographyandquantificationanalysis.·RESULTS:Thenormalmicehadbothsuperfiekalanddeepvascularlayersthatextendedfromtheopticnervetotheperiphery.Inintraocularpressure(IOP)micewerecharacterizedbyrepresentatypicalpatternofpathologicalretinalNV.Therearelessorlittlenucleiofnewvesselsvascularendothelialcellbreakingthroughtheinnerretinalthaninretinopathyofprematurity(ROP)mice,largeclustersofbloodvesselswereadherenttotheinternallimitingmembrane(ILM)(0.27±0.20vs23.38±1.027,t=9.454,P<0.001).DuringtheangiogenicperiodfromP13toP17,survivinandVEGFproteinexpressionincreasedinexperimentalretinascomparedwithcontrolsamples(2.56±0.46vs3.34±0.40,t=17.43,P<0.01:2.18±0.75vs4.34±0.25,t=19.61,P<0.01).ProteinlevelsofVEGFandsurvivnhassignificantlypositivecorrelation(P<0.05,r=0.411).·CONCLUSION:CorrelationwasmadeattheproteinlevelsofsurvivinexpressioncomparedwiththatofVEGFinamurinemodelofretinalNV,whichsuggestsatemporalroleforsurvivinandVEGFinnewvesselformationinresponsetohypoxicstimulation.

简介：AIM:TodiscusstheimpactofLyciumBarbarumPolysaccharide(LBP)andDanshensupurifiedfromTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)onvascularendothelialgrowthfactor(VEGF)ofrabbitswithretinalneovascularization.METHODS:Fortyrabbitsweredividedintonormalcontrolgroup,modelcontrolgroup,LBPgroupandDanshensugroup.Animalsinthenormalcontrolgroupwerefedinthenormaloxygenenvironment.Animalsintheotherthreegroupswereputintotheenvironmentwith70%oxygenfor5daysinordertobuildthemodelofoxygen-inducedvascularproliferationretinopathy.AndthendifferentTCMextractwasinjectedintotheabdominalcavitiesoftheseannimals.After7days,theVEGFcontentofintheserumofrabbitwasmeasuredbydoubleantibodysandwichmethod.RESULTS:DataanalysisindicatedthatVEGFcontentwasasfollows:Danshensugroupwaslowerthanmodelcontrolgroup(12.92±3.84ng/Lvs19.32±4.15ng/L,P<0.05);LBPgroupandnormalcontrolgroupwerelowerthanmodelcontrolgroup(12.92±3.84ng/L,9.26±1.61ng/Lvs19.32±4.15ng/L,P<0.01);totalbloodviscosity,plasmaviscosity,cholesterolcontent,fibrinogencontentandtriacylglycerolcontentafterperitonealinjectionofLBPandDanshensuwereobviouslylowerthanbeforeinjection.CONCLUSION:TCMextract-LBPandDanshensucanprominentlyreducethecontentofVEGFintheprocessofvascularproliferativeretinopathyofrabbit;canpreventtheoccurrenceofretinalmicrovasculardiseasebyimprovingpartialoxygen-deficientenvironmentoraffectingallkindsofnewgrowthfactor.

简介：AIM:ToinvestigatetheinterferingeffectofY-27632,aROCK-Iselectiveinhibitor,onthesignaltransductionpathwayoftransforminggrowthfactor-β1(TGF-β1)inocularTenoncapsulefibroblasts(OTFS)invitro.METHODS:AfterOTFSfrompassages4to6invitrowereinducedbyTGF-β1andthentreatedbyY-27632,thechangesoftheOTFScellcycleswereanalyzedviaflowcytometry,andtheproteinsexpressionoftheα-smoothmuscularactin(α-SMA),connectivetissuegrowthfactor(CTGF),collagenIwerecalculatedbyWesternblot.AfterOTFStreatedbythedifferentconcentrationsofY-27632,theexpressionlevelsoftheα-SMA,CTGFandcollagenImRNAwereassayedbyRT-PCR.RESULTS:Y-27632hadnomarkedlyeffectontheOTFScellcycles.AftertreatedbyTGF-β1,OTFSinG1periodsignificantlyincreased.ThecellcyclesdistributionbybothTGF-β1andY-27632hadnoremarkabledifferencefromthatincontrolgroup.Y-27632significantlyinhibitedtheproteinsexpressionsofbothα-SMAandCTGF,whiletosomeextentinhibitedthatofcollagenI.TGF-β1significantlypromotedtheproteinsexpressionsofα-SMA,CTGFandcollagenI.AfterOTFStreatedbybothTGF-β1andY-27632,ofα-SMA,theproteinexpressionwassimilarwiththatincontrolgroup(P=0.066>0.05),buttheproteinexpressionofCTGForcollagenI,respectively,wassignificantlydifferentfromthatincontrolgroup(P=0.000<0.01).Thedifferencesofexpressionsoftheα-SMA,CTGFandcollagenImRNAin30,150,750μmol/LY-27632groupwerestatisticallysignificant,comparedwiththoseincontrolgroup,respectively(α-SMA,P=0.002,0.000,0.000;CTGF,P=0.014,0.002,0.001;collagenI,P=0.003,0.002,0.000).CONCLUSION:BlockingtheRho/ROCKsignalingpathwaybyusingofY-27632couldinhibitthecellularproliferationandtheexpressionofbothCTGFandα-SMAwhateverOTFSinducedbyTGF-β1ornot.Y-27632suppressedtheexpressionofcollagenImRNAwithoutinduction.