简介：板层角膜移植术常用于治疗角膜病变,可分为前板层角膜移植术、中间板层移植术和后板层角膜移植术.其中后板层角膜移植术是近年来发展较快的手术方式.板层角膜移植的供体也有多种类型,各有其特点,人工角膜和异种角膜的应用仍需要进一步的研究.

简介：眩光是很常见的现象,也是引起车祸以及视觉疲劳一个重要因素.偏振照明系统可以过滤对面的偏振光,增加会车时司机的视力范围以及分辨力,完美解决夜间会车的失能性眩光.而对于日常生活中常见的反射性眩光,偏振眼镜可以过滤反射形成的平面偏振光,得到清晰的视觉.

简介：青光眼是全球第二大致盲眼病,是不可逆性盲最主要原因,而原发性闭角型青光眼（primaryangleclosure[1]glaucoma,PACG）是我国最主要的青光眼类型。原发性闭角型青光眼（PACG）的发病机制复杂。PACG发病的主要危险因素是晶状体位置偏前、前房变浅而导致的瞳孔阻滞。此外,周边虹膜肥厚以及睫状体位置前移也是PACG发病的常见危险因素。

简介：目的：评价翼状胬肉切除联合角膜缘干细胞移植术中,结膜植片两种缝合方法临床效果的差异。方法：采用前瞻随机对照试验,将48例48眼初发翼状胬肉患者随机分为A,B两组,每组24例24眼,A组术中结膜植片采用连续锁边缝合法;B组术中结膜植片采用间断缝合法。术中记录结膜缝合时间,术后随访6mo,记录拆线所用时间及眼部刺激评分情况。结果：术中平均植片缝合时间A组为14.05±2.30min,B组为19.34±2.12min,两组差异有统计学（P〈0.01）。眼部刺激情况分值在术后第3d（1.32±0.60vs1.68±0.35）和第5d（0.87±0.24vs1.26±0.68）,A组得分均明显低于B组（P均〈0.05）。A组拆线所用时间为9.15±3.36min,B组拆线所用时间为12.61±3.89min,两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：连续锁边缝合法提高了手术效率,减轻了术后的刺激症状,是一种安全高效的结膜植片缝合方法。

简介：目的：观察糖尿病视网膜病变（diabeticretinopathy,DR）患者行全视网膜光凝（panretinalphotocoagulation,PRP）后服药前及服药2mo后患眼的全视野视网膜电图（fullfieldelectroretinogram,ERG）变化,探讨递法明片对DR暗适应功能的保护作用。方法：选择在我医院就诊的重度非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（nonproliferativediabeticretinopathy,NPDR）患者55例55眼,随机分为治疗组和对照组。两组均行全视网膜光凝,治疗组光凝后口服递法明片,对照组口服维生素B1片2次/d,10mg/次。PRP后服药前及服药2mo后行全视野视网膜电图检查,观察其暗视视杆反应的变化并进行统计学处理。结果：两组患者服药前及服药2mo后,暗视视杆反应bT值组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;治疗组bA值服药2mo后与服药前相比振幅升高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,与对照组相比治疗组振幅升高较大,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：递法明片可减轻PRP治疗对视网膜的损害,改善患者的暗适应功能。

简介：目的：评估单剂量枸橼酸西地那非片对早期年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）男性患者视功能的急性效应。方法：早期年龄相关性黄斑变性男40例，年龄58～86（平均71）岁，前瞻性随机接受安慰剂或者枸橼酸西地那非片（Viagra；PfizerInc，NewYork，NY）100mg，单次口服。受试者双眼在接受药物之前及之后9h内特定的时间间期进行视力、Amsler方格表及辨色力检查。结果：与安慰剂相比，服用枸橼酸西地那非片后视功能检查均未有明显改变。视力和辨色力检查在基线水平上未见有统计意义或临床相关的改变，Amsler方格表检查未见临床相关的改变。服用枸橼酸西地那非片与短暂的轻度至中度头痛和面红有关。结论：单次口服100mg枸橼酸西地那非片，在早期年龄相关性黄斑变性男性样本人群中，耐受性良好，未对视觉产生显著急性效应。

简介：角膜缘干细胞为正常角膜上皮的自我更新提供了来源,在维持眼表稳态中起到了极为重要的作用。近年来,随着对成体干细胞认识的加深以及生物组织工程学的发展,培养的口腔黏膜细胞片移植已成为治疗角膜缘干细胞缺损的方法之一。本文就其培养方法、细胞片表型及临床应用结果的进展进行综述。

简介：目的分析常年性变应性鼻炎的狗、猫上皮变应原皮肤点刺试验的阳性结果，对其他气传变应原的反应性，并进一步探讨环境接触与其相关性。方法总结1022例常年性变应性鼻炎患者采用阿罗格叶7种气传变应原标准化试液进行的皮肤点刺试验；分析狗、猫上皮变应原的皮试结果及合并其他气传变应原阳性的比例；并根据是否有环境接触分类，比较各组在阳性率分布上的差异。结果常年性变应性鼻炎中狗上皮变应原皮试阳性占13．80％，猫上皮阳性占6．95％；且98％以上合并其他气传变应原阳性，尤以合并粉尘螨、屋尘螨阳性居多。其中21．93％和26．32％环境接触狗／猫的变应性鼻炎相应狗／猫上皮变应原皮试阳性；无环境接触组的阳性率分别为12．78％和6．58％，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论常年性变应性鼻炎的狗上皮及猫上皮的阳性率位居前列，其中绝大多数合并其他气传变应原阳性。鉴于环境接触对狗、猫上皮过敏的高危险性，变应性鼻炎患者应该尽可能地避免饲养、接触宠物。

简介：一种新型碳酸酐酶抑制剂（CAI）：通过抑制睫状体中的碳酸酐酶的活性，减少房水生成和减少房水流量，从而能有效降低眼内压。服用后一般在2—4小时内生效，在6-8小时内达到最佳疗效，10—18小时仍有效。

简介：AIM:TotrainTibetanmonkey(Macacathibetana)forintraocularpressure(IOP)measurementinconsciousstateandobtainnormalIOPinconsciousTibetanMacaque.·METHODS:Thetrainingwasbasedonaward-conditionedbehavior.Foodstimulationandhuman-animalinteractionwereusedinthistraining.·RESULTS:TrainedTibetanmonkeyscalmlyacceptedIOPmeasurementbytheTonoVet?誖reboundtonometerwithoutsedationoranesthesiaandtheirIOPvaluesweresimilartootherprimates.·CONCLUSION:Human-cultivatedThibetanmonkeysaretamable,andcanbeusedforbiomedicalresearchsuchasophthalmicresearchwithoutanesthesia.

简介：AIM:ToevaluatetheefficacyofSeprafilmtransplantationfollowingadhesiolysisforpreventingpostoperativereadhesionandimprovingsurgicaloutcomes.METHODS:Primaryblepharoplastywascarriedoutonbotheyelidsof18albinorabbits.After2weeks,anewskinincisionwasmade,andadhesiolysiswasperformedonbotheyelids.Therabbitswerecategorizedintotwogroups,onewithadhesiolysisaloneinthelefteyelid(controlgroup),andtheotherwithadhesiolysiswithaSeprafilmgraftintherighteyelid(Seprafilmgroup).Thedegreesofinflammationandfibrosiswereexaminedwithhematoxylin-eosin(HE)andMasson’strichromestains.Expressionofα-smoothmuscleactin(α-SMA)wasalsoimmunohistochemicallyexamined.RESULTS:Eyelidexaminationimmediatelyaftertheoperationrevealedmildswellingandhemorrhageinbothgroups,butthesesymptomsresolvedafter1week-2weeks,andeyelidshapehadrecoveredcompletelyinbothgroups.MicroscopicassessmentsdemonstratedthattheSeprafilmgroupshowedlessinflammationandfibrosisthanthecontrolgroup.TheSeprafilmgroupalsoexhibitedfewerα-SMA-positivecellsthanthecontrolgroup.CONCLUSION:Basedonthesefindings,weconcludethatSeprafilmgraftwithadhesiolysisisaneffectivemethodforpreventingpostoperativereadhesionsaftereyelidsurgery.

简介：·AIM:Toinvestigatethetherapeuticeffectsofnanophtha-locyaninephotosensitizersonanexperimentalratchoroidalneovescularization(CNV)model,aswellastoevaluatethecytotoxicityofwhichonhumanretinalpigmentepithelia(HRPE)andhumanretinalendothelialcells(HRECs).·METHODS:Twotypesofphotosensitizers,G1-ZnPc(COOH)8andG1-ZnPc(COOH)8/mrespectively,wereadministratedforphotodynamictherapy(PDT)afterasuccessfulestablishmentofCNVmodelonBrown-Norway(BN)ratsviafundusphotocoagulation.Thetherapeuticeffectsofthetwodrugswereassessedthroughopticalcoherencetomography(OCT),fluoresceinfundusangiography(FFA)andtransmissionelectronmicroscopy(TEM).Forcytotoxicitytests,cellcountingkit-8(CCK-8)assaysandchangesofmitochondrialtransmembranepotential(△Ψm)wereconductedonHRPEandHRECsafterinitialuptakeofthetwodrugs.·RESULTS:Bothphotosensitizersdemonstratedanimprove-mentofvascularleakageandclosureofCNV1weekafterPDTasconfirmedbyfundusimage,OCT,FFAandTEM.TwoweeksafterPDT,G1-ZnPc(COOH)8/mshowedabetterCNVclosureeffectversusG1-ZnPc(COOH)8(P<0.05).Asignificantdifference(P<0.01)wasfoundinuptakeofthetwodrugsinHRPEandHRECs,withnodifferencebetweenthedrugs(P>0.05).BothphotosensitizersshowedcytotoxicityonHRPE,butG1-ZnPc(COOH)8/minducedalowercellviability.·CONCLUSION:G1-ZnPc(COOH)8/mmediatedPDTisbetterthanG1-ZnPc(COOH)8inCNVclosureandalsohavetheadvantageoffastmetabolismleadingtolesssideeffect.·

简介：AIM:ToevaluatetheeffectofCollagencross-linkingonthepreventionofmeltinginrabbitcorneasafteralkaliburn.·METHODS:TwentyNewZealandwhiterabbitswererandomlydividedintomodelcontrolgroupandcollagencross-linkingtreatmentgroup.Thesecondgroupofrabbitsreceivedcollagencrosslinkedtreatment.Bothgroupswereappliedwithantibioticeyedropstopreventinfection.Thecorneaswereevaluatedformelting,opacity,pathologicalandimmunohistochemistry,recordthechangeswhen28daysaftertheanimalswerekilled.·RESULTS:Inthecontrolgroup,6outof8rabbitsshowedcornealmeltingafterinjury(14±4)days,whiletwocornealperforated.Incollagencross-linkingtreatmentgroup,onerabbitshowedcornealmeltingafterinjury23days,withoutcornealperforation;cornealdissolutionratebetweenthetwogroupswassignificantlydifferent(P<0.05).Pathologicalexaminationsuggestedthatinthetreatmentgroup,mildcornealedema,milddamagetocollagenfibers,inflammatorycellinfiltrationwassignificantlylessthanthecontrolgroup.Immunohistochemistryshowedthatcornealcollagenfibersarrangedinneatrowsinthecontrolgroup.·CONCLUSION:Collagencross-linkingtreatmentnotonlycanpreventanddelaythecornealmeltingafteralkaliburn,butalsocanreducethedestructionofcornealcollagenfibersandinfiltrationofinflammatorycellsinthecornealtissue.

简介：·AIM:Toexploretheeffectofimmunizationwithcopolymer-1(COP-1)andretinalstemcells(RSCs)transplantationoninterferon-gamma(IFN-γ)levelsinaratexperimentalglaucomamodel.·METHODS:Anexperimentalglaucomawasinducedbyargonlaserphotocoagulationoftheepiscleralveinsandlimbalplexusintherighteyeofrats.Immediatelyfollowingglaucomainduction,ratswereimmunizedwithCOP-1.RSCswereculturedandtransplantedintravitreallyintotheeyesofglaucomamodelanimals1weekpost-lasertreatment.Sixexperimentalgroupswereused:COP-1/RSC,PBS/RSC,COP-1/PBS,PBS/PBS,glaucomamodelgroup,andanormalcontrolgroup.TheconcentrationofIFN-γinaqueoushumor(AH)andserumwasmeasuredbyenzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassay(ELISA)ineachofthesixgroups.Retinalganglioncell(RGC)survivalwasassessedbyquantifyingapoptosisusingHoechststaining.·RESULTS:ConcentrationsofIFN-γinAHandserumofratsthathadundergoneglaucomainductionwerehigherthanthoseofnon-inducedcontrolrats.TheconcentrationsofIFN-γinAHandserumoftheCOP-1/RSCstreatedgroupweredeterminedtobe2371.9ng/Land710.9ng/L,respectively,whichweresignificantlylowerthanthoseintheothertreatedgroups(P<0.05).Infact,IFN-γlevelsinthedualtreatedgroupwerereducedtobackgroundlevels.TheCOP-1/RSCgrouphadlowernumberofapoptoticRGCsthantheotherthreeexperimentalgroups(P<0.05).·CONCLUSION:ThereducedlevelsofIFN-γinAHandserumoftheCOP-1/RSCgroupmayberelatedtosynergisticeffectsbetweenRSCstransplantationandCOP-1immunemodulation.ItislikelythatthelowerlevelsofIFN-γpreventedRGCsglaucomatousapoptosis.·