简介：Thetenacityofheat-affectedzone(HAZ)willdeclineandthesizeofgrainswillincrease,becauseoftheoverheatingonHAZwhensubmergedarcwelding(SAW)isusedtothickplatewithhighheatinput.TheshapingwillworsenwhenSAWisusedtothinplatewithhighcurrentathighspeed.AnewSAWtechnology,thepulseddirectcurrent(DC)automaticSAW,willbeputforwardinthispaperinordertoovercometheaboveshortcomings.Andapulsedcontrollerwithmicro-controllerunit(MCU)asthecore,nixietube(NT)andkeyboardastheman-machineconversationinterfaceisdeveloped.Themainfunctionsofthepulsedcontrollerincludetheoutputofpulsedweldingcurrentandtheworkingwithtwinwire.Theresearchhaswidelyprospectsinapplicationwithsignificantmeaningsintheoryandpracticalengineering.

简介：Titaniumandtitaniumalloyshaveseveraladvantages,butthecostoftitaniumalloysisveryexpensivecomparedwiththetraditionalmetalmaterials.Thisarticleintroducestwonewlow-costtitaniumalloysTi-2.1Cr-1.3Fe(TCFalloy)andTi-3Al-2.1Cr-1.3Fe(TACFalloy).Inthisstudy,weusedCr-Femasteralloyasoneoftherawmaterialstodevelopthetwonewalloys.Weintroducethemicrostructureandtensilepropertiesofthetwonewalloysfromβsolutiontreatedwithdifferentcoolingmethods.Optica...

简介：Ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆａｎｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ－ｐｒａｃｔｉｃａｌｅｘｐｅｒｔｓｙｓｔｅｍｆｏｒａｒｃｗｅｌｄｉｎｇａｎｄｉｔｓｓｈｅｌｌＰｅｎｇＪｉｎｎｉｎｇ；ＣｈｅｎＢｉｎｇｓｅｎａｎｄＬｉｕＱｉａｎｇ（ＱｉｎｇｈｕａＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，...

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简介：Reducingthemanufacturingcostofsolarcellsisnecessarytotheirindustrialproduction.Electrodepositingisaneffective,non-vacuummethodwhichisverysuitableforcuttingthemanufacturingcostofthinfilmsaswellasdevelopingitslarge-scaleindustrialproduction.Inthisstudy,about1-μm-thickCu(In,Ga)Se_2(CIGS)precursorswereelectrodepositedonMo/glasssubstratesinaqueoussolutionutilizingathree-electrodepotentiostaticsystem.Triethanolaminewasusedascomplexingagent,andallparametersofelectrodepositionwerepreciselycontrolled.Afterthat,theelectrodepositedprecursorswereselenizedinaSeatmospherewithdifferentheatingramprates(60and600℃·min~(-1)).High-qualityCIGSfilmswereobtained,andtheircharacteristicswereinvestigatedbyX-rayfluorescence,scanningelectronmicroscopy,energydispersivespectroscopy,X-raydiffraction,Ramanspectraandnear-infrared-visible(NIR-Vis)spectra.Theresultsrevealthattherearemanydifferencesbetweenthepropertiesofthefilmsunderdifferentheatingrates.Finally,CIGSsolarcellswerefabricatedusingafastandaslowheatingrate.Themaximumefficienciesachievedforthefilmsselenizedat60and600℃-min~(-1)are3.15%and0.71%,respectively.

简介：Thegrainsizecontrolofthetungstenpowderisessentialforhighqualitytungstenproductsmaking.Basedonthestudiesonthehydrogenreductionprocessoftungstenoxide,amicrocomputersystemisintroducedtothereductionprocessparameterscon-trol.Themicrocomputerprocesscontrolsystem,whichisnowrunninginZhuzhouTungstenandMolybdenumMaterialsPlant,controlstheprocessparametersincludingthetemperatureofthereductionfurnaceandthepressureofhydrogen.Italsocontrolsamechanicalpusherwhichpushstheboatschargedwithbluetungstenoxideintothefurnacetubes.Someofthetechniqueprob-lemsappearedinthereductionprocessandtheprocesscontrolareanalysedinthispaper.Theresultoftheexperimentisalsogiven.

简介：Oxidationprocessoflanthanumhexaboride(LaB6)ceramicpowderwasinvestigated.TheLaB6powdersampleswereheatedcontinuallyfromroomtemperatureto1473Kataheatingrateof10K/minbydifferentialscanningcalorimetry.Theoxidationtestswereconductedatdifferentexposuretemperatures.ThephasesandmorphologiesofthesamplesbeforeandafterexposurewereanalyzedbyXRDandSEM.Itwaspointedoutthatbefore1273K,LaB6hashighoxidationresistantability,whichwasduetothattheoxidelayerhinderstheoxygendiffusionfromoutertothesurfaceofLaB6grains.Theoxidelayerwascomposedofthetransitionphases,whichwerecomposedofLa2O3andB2O3formedfromtheinitialoxidation;whentheoxidationtemperatureexceeded1273K,protectivelayerwasdestroyedduetothevaporizationofliquidB2O3.BasedontheresultsofX-raydiffractionanalysis,oxidationprocessofLaB6ceramicpowdercanbedescribedasfollows:Before1273K,lanthanumborate，La(BO2)3wasformedonthesurfaceofsamples,thenlanthanumoxide(La2O3)andboronoxide(B2O3)werepresentonthesurfaceofsamplesoxidizedwhenthetemperaturereachedto1473K.

简介：Yttriastabilizedzirconia(YSZ)haswidelybeenusedaselectrolyteinsolidoxidefuelcell(SOFC).ThemicrostructureofYSZrelatedtothefabricationprocesswasdiscussedinthepaper.WithYSZnano-powdersabout40-100nmasrawmaterial,theYSZadobewasmanufacturedbytapecalenderingprocess.Thenamedthree-stepsinteringprocesswasperformedat1000℃for2h,thenraisedthetemperaturewithnormalrateandassoonasupto1400℃,thefurnacewascontrolledat1250-1300℃for10-20h.ThehighdenseYSZswiththerelativedensityof96%-99%wereobtained;thegrainsizeofYSZcouldbereducedto0.5-3μm.Theaboveresultisbenefitedtoco-firedintheelectrode-supportedSOFCs.

简介：CalciumhydroxytitanateformedinBayerdigestionprocessofchinesediasporicbauxitewasstudied.InterplanarspacingsofcalciumhydroxytitanatecrystalweredeterminedbyXRDanalysis.Onlyoneendothermicpeakoccursat550～560℃ontheDTAcurveofthiscompound.IRspectrometrystudyhasrevealedthathydroxyldoesexistincalciumhydroxytitanateinsteadofcrystalwater.ObservationunderSEMhasindicatedthatitscrystalgrainsareintheshapeofregularhexagonalplateswith2～8μminedgelengthandlessthan1μminthickness.TheinfluencesofvariousdigestionconditionsontheformationandtransformationofcalciumhydroxytitanateandotherCa-Ti-containingcompounds,suchaslimeaddition;contentanddistributionstateofTiO2inbauxite;digestiontemperatureandretentiontime,werefurtherstudied.

简介：Ｗｅｌｄｉｎｇｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙｉｎｏｉｌ－ｆｉｅｌｄｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎｉｎＣｈｉｎａ￥ＨＯＵＸｉａｎｚｈｏｎｇ（ＤａｑｉｎｇＯｉｌＦｉｅｌｄ）Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：Ｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｅｓｔｈｅａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｄｅｖｅ...

简介：Throughtheinvestigationontraditionalarcstudweldingprocess,anewweldinggunanditscontrolsystemweredevelopedinthispaper.Thesteppingarcstudweldinggunwasmainlymadebyasteppingmotorasactuatingunitandascrew-drivendeviceasmovingunit.AcontrolsystemwithaMCS-51single-chipmicrocomputerasmaincontrolcomponentwasusedtorealizethenewstudweldingprocedure.Thisnewweldingprocesswithsteppingstudweldinggunisnamedassteppingarcstudwelding.Inthenewweldingprocess,thestudactioncanbelookedasconstitutedbysomemicrosteps.Thesettingandadjustingofthesteppingarcweldinggunbehaviorparametersareaccomplishedindependently.Itisindicatedfromtheresultsofprocesstestsandbendingtestthatthesteppingarcstudweldingprocessispracticable.

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简介：ＣａｔｈｏｄｉｃＰｒｏｃｅｓｓｏｆＴｉ（Ⅳ）ｉｎＭｏｌｔｅｎＬｉＦ－ＮａＦＳｈｉＱｉｎｇｒｏｎｇａｎｄＤｕａｎＳｈｕｚｈｅｎ石青荣，段淑贞（ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙＢｅｉｊｉｎｇ，Ｂｅｉｊｉｎｇ１０００８３，Ｃ...

简介：ＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｄｅＰｒｏｃｅｓｓｏｆＹ（Ⅲ）ｏｎＮｉｃｋｅｌＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｄｅａｎｄＳｕｒｆａｃｅＭｅｔａｌｌｉｚｉｎｇＺｈｏｕＣｈｕｎｇｅｎ（周春根）（ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＡｅｒｏｎａｕｔｉｃｓａｎｄＡｓｔｒｏｎａｕｔｉｃｓＢｅｉｊｉｎｇ，Ｂｅ...

简介：Adetailedanalysisofthecathodeprocessduringtheformationandgrowthofthetitaniumdepositonthewirescreenbasketinconnectionwithaconsiderationofthecurrentefficiencyisgiveninthepresentpaper.Theequationsdescribingthedistributionofcurrentdensities,titaniumionconcentrationalongthedepositlayerandtheequationofthetheoreticalcurrentefficiencyhavebeenderivedanddiscussed.Onthebasisoftheseequationsandtheexperimentalresultsoftitaniumelectrolysisthereasonandmechanismforlossofcurrenthasbeenascertainedtobeattributedtothedischargingofsodiumandlowvalentsodiumionsontheoutsidelayerofthecathode.

简介：为了在舷窗调查衣袋的效果，在金属流动上死，在忍受出口和挤出负担的die的温度被对比与传统死没有衣袋在的设计更低死。二个不同多洞舷窗有或没有衣袋死在更低死被设计。并且挤出过程基于商业软件DEFORM-3D被模仿。模拟结果证明衣袋能被用来有效地以金属流动在腿下面调整金属流动和特别利益。另外，在适用的die的最大的温度和山峰挤出负担减少，它显示增加挤出速度和生产率的可能性。

简介：ＰｒｏｃｅｓｓＤｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔＡｓｐｅｃｔｓｏｆＡｌｕｍｉｎｉｕｍ－ＴｉｔａｎｉｕｍＭａｓｔｅｒＡｌｉｏｙｓＫｒｉｓｈｎａｎＴ．Ｓ．；ＲａｊａｇｏｐａｌａｎＰ．Ｋ；ａｎｄＢｏｓｅＤ－Ｋ．（Ｍｅｔａｌｌｕｒｇｙ．Ｄｉｖｉｓｉｏｎ，ＢｈａｂｈａＡｔ...

简介：Ａｎａｐｐｒｏａｃｈｏｆａｒｔｉｆｉｃｉａｌｎｅｕｒａｌｎｅｔｗｏｒｋｔｏｒｏｂｏｔｉｃｗｅｌｄｉｎｇｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｍｏｄｅｌｌｉｎｇ￥ＬｉＹａｎ（ＨａｒｂｉｎＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＷｅｌｄｉｎｇＪｏｈｎＮｏｒｒｉｓｈａｎｄＴ．Ｅ．Ｂ...

简介：Anovelprocesswasproposedforrecoveringnickelfromnickeliferouslateriteores.Firstofall,siliconandmagnesiumwereremovedfromlateriticorebyhighconcentrationsodiumhydroxideleachingandcarbonationrespectively,soastoenrichnickel.Thenthemethodofammoniacarbonateleachingwasadoptedtorecovernickelfromthecarbonizedslag,andtheremainingresiduewasusedasarawmaterialforrecoveringiron.Theeffectsoftemperature,ammoniacarbonateconcentration,liquid/solidratioandstirringspeedontherecoveryofnickelwereexamined.Whentheleachedresiduereactedwithammoniacarbonate(6mol·L-1)inaratioofliquid-to-solidof5-1at60℃for150minatthestirringspeedof300r·min-1,approximatemorethan95%nickelwasrecovered.Duringthewholeprocess,therewasnocontaminationproducedandthechemicalrawmaterialswererecycled,thustheprocesswasagreentechnologythathavinggoodsocialbenefit.

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