简介：Heterosisistheuniversalphenomenainnature,anditsformationmechanismhasbeenthefocusofresearch.Onthisbasis,anumberoftheoreticalhypotheseshavebeenproposedforthereasonofheterosis,suchasthedominancehypothesis,epistaticeffect,generegulationnetworks,etc.Forthepastyears,manyresearchershaveattemptedtoelaboratethemechanismofheterosisatphysiological&biochemicallevelandmolecularlevel.Theresultsshowedheterosisplantshaveastrongerphotosyntheticcapacity,relativelywell-developedtissuesandgreateradaptionandbufferingabilitytoexternalenvironment.Theheterosisisoftenmorepronouncedinrelativelylowlight,lowtemperatureandlowCO2concentration.Inaddition,geneticdistance,differencesingeneexpressionandDNAmethylationareallcloselyrelatedwithheterosis.Thisstudyreviewedresearchresultsofforestryandagriculture,anddiscussedthefutureresearchdirectionofthisfield.

简介：Thepaperanalyzedthebottlenecksofinternationalforestfinancingdevelopmentfromtheperspectiveofthedevelopmentstateofforestfinancingmechanism.Italsoanalyzedthedevelopmentpossibilitiesofemergingfinancingchannelswhileintroducingofficialdevelopmentassistanceandnon-financialdevelopmentassistanceintheframeworkofinternationalforestfinancingmechanism,andpooledthevariousexistingforest-involvedfundstoproposeafeasiblearchitecturedirectionforpossiblefuturedevelopment.

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简介：Soilsalinityisoneofthemostimportantproblemsofcropproductioninestuarineandcoastalzones.Improvementinsalttoleranceofmajorfoodcropsisanimportantwayfortheeconomicutilizationofcoastalzones.Thisstudyprovedthattheapplicationofsalicylicacid(SA)improvedthegrowthandyieldundersaltstressconditionsandinvestigateditsphysiologicalmechanismsforsalttolerance.TheinvestigationontheeffectofSAforsalttoleranceduringgerminationshowedthatthedecreasedratesofgerminationandgrowth(intermsofshootandrootlengths)bythesaltstressweresignificantlyincreasedbytheSAapplication(SA+NaCl).ThetreatmentofSAtothehighandlowsalinesoilsenhancedthegrowth,yieldandnutrientvaluesofrice.TheeffectsofSAonNa+,K+andCl–ionicaccumulationweretracedundersaltstressconditionbyinductivelycoupledplasmaopticalemissionspectrometryandionchromatography.ItwasrevealedthattheincreasedaccumulationofNa+andClˉionsbythesaltstresswerereducedbySAapplication.AnincreasedconcentrationofendogenousSAlevelwasdetectedfromtheSA-treatedricevarieties(ASD16andBR26)byliquidchromatographyelectrosprayIonization-tandemmassspectrometry.Theactivitiesofantioxidantenzymessuchassuperoxidedismutase,catalaseandperoxidasewereincreasedbysaltstresswhereasdecreasedbytheSAapplication.ThestudyprovedthattheapplicationofSAcouldalleviatetheadverseeffectsofsaltstressbytheregulationofphysiologicalmechanisminriceplants.Inspiteofsaltstress,itcanbeappliedtothecoastalandestuarineregionstoincreasethericeproduction.

简介：Globalwarmingisoneofthehottestenvironmentproblems.OneofthereasonsisthesharpincreaseofCO2inatmosphere.Soilrespirationinforestecosystemsaccountsto60%-90%oftotalecosystemrespirationandisthereforeoneofthekeycomponentsoftheglobalCcycle.Thispapersummarizeddifferentresponsesofsoilrespirationtoforestmanagementmeasures,anddescribedtherelevantresearchesathomeandabroadontheeffectofmanagementmeasureslikeharvesting,forestfertilization,soilimproving(Liming),litterremoval,andprescribedburningonsoilrespiration.

简介：TocomparethedevelopmentofphysicalcrustsinthreetypicalcultivatedsoilsofChina,ablacksoil(LuvicPhaeozem),aloesssoil(HaplicLuvisol),andapurplesoil(CalcaricRegosol)werepackedinsplashplateswithcoveredanduncoveredtreatments,andexposedtosimulatedrainfall.Meshescoveredabovethesurfacesofhalfofsoilsamplestosimulatetheeffectsofcropresidueoncrusting.Theresultsindicatedaprogressivebreakdownofaggregatesonthesoilsurfaceasrainfallcontinued.Thebulkdensityandshearstrengthonthesurfaceofthethreesoiltypesincreasedlogarithmicallyasrainfalldurationincreased.Duringthefirst30minofsimulatedrainfall,thepurplesoildevelopeda7-8mmthickcrustandtheloesssoildevelopeda3-4mmthickcrust.Theblacksoildevelopedadistinguishable,butstillunstable,crustafter80minofsimulatedrainfall.Soilorganicmatter(SOM)content,themeanweightdiameter(MWD)ofsoilaggregates,andsoilclaycontentwerenegativelycorrelatedwiththerateofcrustformation,whereasthepercentageofaggregatedispersion(PAD),theexchangeablesodiumpercentage(ESP),andthesiltandsandcontentswerepositivelycorrelatedwithcrusting.Mechanicalbreakdowncausedbyraindropimpactwastheprimarymechanismofcrustformationintheblacksoilwithmorestableaggregates(MWD25.0mm,PAD3.1%)andhigherSOMcontent(42.6gkg~(-1)).Slakingandmechanicaleluviationweretheprimarymechanismsofcrustformationinthepurplesoilwithlowclaycontent(103gkg~(-1)),cationexchangecapacity(CEC,228mmolkg~(-1)),ESP(0.60%),andSOM(17.2gkg~(-1)).MechanicalbreakdownandslakingwerethemostimportantintheloesssoilwithlowCEC(80.6mmolkg~(-1)),ESP(1.29%),SOM(9.82gkg~(-1)),andhighPAD(71.7%)andMWD(4.6mm).Simulatedresiduecoverreducedcrustformationinblackandloesssoils,butincreasedcrustformationinpurplesoil.

简介：Thepaperelaboratesindetailscertificationmechanismforsustainableforestmanagement,includingthedefinition,contents,objectives,costs,benefits,characteristics,proceduresandimpactsofcertificationaswellasmaincertificationsystems.ItalsointroducesindetailsthelatestprogressanddevelopmentperspectivesofcertificationinChinaandaroundtheworld.Certificationisamarket-basedmechanism,whichaimsatenhancingandstrengtheningthereasonableutilizationofforests.Itusua...

简介：INTRODUCTIONTheinsolublephosphateswhichcannotbedirectlyabsorbedbyplantsarethemaiformsofinorganicphosphateinsoil.Thesekindsofphosphatescanbesolubilizedbyseveralspeciesofbacteriawhicharewidelyspreadinsoilespeciallyinrhizospherewhere70%ofthebacteriaarecapableofsolubilizinginorganicphosphate.Manyresearchersre-

简介：Groundfireisanignitingphenomenonthatisdifficulttocontrolandlightningisthemaincauseofgroundfire.Themechanismoflightning-groundfireisverycomplex.Daxing'anlingMountainsforestregionistheplacethatlighting-groundfireoccursmoreoftenandregularly.Ourstudyonlightning-groundfireofthiszonein2002shows:muchmoresoilnearthesurfaceandthegroundfuelisthematterpreconditionsoflightning-groundfire,andtheweatherconditionshastentheoccurrenceoflightning...

简介：138米饭就职为抵抗被屏蔽到小棕色的植物hopper(SBPH)(Laodelphaxstriatellus掉落)由屏蔽测试的修改种子箱。有抵抗toSBPH的不同层次的25米饭就职被检测，为18.1%全部的就职的财务，它包括了2高度抵抗，9抵抗并且14中等抗性品种。与indica米饭相比，装饰用的梨树米饭更产生SBPH。Antixenosis测试，抗生现象测试和相关分析被执行阐明抗性机制。抵抗检查RathuHeenati(RHT)，高度，抗性品种Mudgo和Kasalath，和抗性品种IR36对SBPH表示了强壮的antixenosis和抗生现象，在四个米饭变化显示在抵抗水平和这二抗性机制之间的靠近的关系。抗生现象由于他们的高抗生现象是在抗性品种Daorenqiao和Yangmaogu的主导的抵抗模式但是低antixenosis。Dular，ASD7和Milyang23有相对强壮的antixenosis和抗生现象，显示二抗性机制在这三个变化是重要的。表示的抵抗DV85antixenosis相对高级却低抗生现象而授与的Zhaiyeqing8和Guiyigu仅仅节制抗生现象和antixenosis到SBPH，在这三个变化建议忍耐。抗生现象和antixenosis在9311.Antixenosis是的中等抵抗的就职管理了抵抗到SBPH在V20A的主要抵抗类型。忍耐被认为由于他们的差的抗生现象和antixenosis抵抗是在Minghui63和Yangjing9538的重要抗性机制。有强壮的抗生现象或antixenosis的上述就职是为繁殖的抵抗的理想的材料。

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简介：理解photoperiod/thermo-sensitive的男绝育机制遗传因子的男性无菌[P(T)公克]在米饭的线，光周期或温度的遗传上的研究进步在米饭的敏感遗传因子的男绝育被考察。一个新想法被建议解释P(T)公克米饭的绝育机制。富饶转变从对无菌肥沃是有光周期或温度的主要效果的无菌的基因的合作规定的结果敏感基因，然而并非在P(T)公克米饭的所谓的pgms基因。次要效果的基因，在绝育上展出积聚的效果，是为绝育转变的批评温度的重要因素。无菌的线保持越多次要效果的基因，越多降低绝育转变的批评温度。如果所有次要效果的基因是同型结合的，绝育转变的批评温度将是不变的。为引起P(T)公克米饭的策略也被建议。为绝育转变的批评光周期和温度的选择索引应该被放根据品种的类型和生态的区域。强加选择压力是为为绝育与更低的批评温度引起P(T)公克米饭的一种关键技术，并且改进整个特点和联合能力的全面表演为引起P(T)公克米饭线是重要的。