简介：网络经济是为今天在巨大的连接描绘的经济元素之中的全球关系的一个术语。在资源和活动被分享的地方，新时代的中央行为是在互相相互依赖的关系的许多层次在深网网络把一切连接到一切，市场被扩大，费用和风险被减少。网络系统包含积极、否定的反馈。许多反馈进程创造复杂系统行为。为如此的一个网络，分析网络过程(ANP)途径似乎很适当。ANP方法使系统地与各种依赖和反馈经营系统可能。动态模型试着反映变化在真实或simulatedtimeand考虑网络模型部件常常正在演变。动态模型使用州的变量，流动，和反馈进程的概念。动态网络进程(DNP)是能在联网的经济处理时间依赖者优先级的ANP的扩展。

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简介：Abankhadbetterrationitscreditifitfirstentersagraysystemofcreditinformationwhereitcannotdistinguishbetweenthelow-andhigh-riskborrowers.Asthebankkeepsalong-termrelationshipwithitsborrowersthebanklearnsabouttheborrowersthroughtime.WiththehelpoflogitmodelandBayesrule,abankcanprocesscustomer＇screditinformationandbuildabettercredittermitgives.

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简介：Thepaperstudieschannelchoicedecisionsinamulti-channelsupplychainunderastrategywherethereisanex-antecommitmentmadeontheretailpricemarkup.Themarketdemandisuncertainanddependentonthepriceandsalesefforts.Theresultsshowthatinanychannelstructure,whenmakingorderdecisionstheretaileronlyexaminesthepriceratioandthefluctuationsizeofrandomdemand,ratherthanthechannelcostandtheretailer’smarketingefficiency.Whentheretailpricerises,themanufactureriswillingtoincreaseinventoryquantityfordirectsales,becausethemanufacturer’sprofitmarginishigherindirectchannel.Theincreaseindemandfluctuationonlyaffectsthedegreeofchannelpreferencebutdoesn’tchangethemanufacturer’schannelchoice.Nomatterinwhichlevelthepriceratiois,whenthesalesefficiencyofretailchannelisnothighorthedemandproportionofdirectchannelislow,themanufacturerandtheretailerwillbebothapttochooseadual-channelstructure.Thenaddingadirectchannelbecomesamarketingstrategy,ratherthanacompetitoroftheretailchannel,andhelpsthesupplychainwinmoremarketdemand.

简介：TheemergenceofB2Belectronicmarketshasgreatlychangedtherelativebargainingpowerofbuyersandsellers.Westudytheequilibriummarketstructureinabuyer’smarket.Wefindthatbuyer-controlledB2BmarketsandneutralB2Bmarketshavedifferentequilibriumstructures,andtheemergenceofB2Bmarketswillincreasesocialwelfare,butitseffectonbuyersandsellerswillbedifferent:B2Bmarketsincreasetheconsumersurplusoftheendmarket,buttheireffectsonbuyerandsellerprofitsaremoderatedbytherelativebargainingpowerofbuyersandsellers.TheprofitsofthesidewithmuchweakerbargainingpowerwilldecreaseduetotheintroductionofB2Bmarkets.

简介：关于为在1980年代和1990年代的瓷器精力紧张的戏剧的衰落负责的主要因素有可观的争论。然而，很少详细分析被做了在20022005期间在精力紧张解释变化。在这份报纸，我们使用结构的分解分析(SDA)把精力紧张分解成五决定因素：精力输入系数，技术系数(Leontief反的系数)，由产品的最后的要求结构，由范畴的最后的要求和最后的精力消费系数。我们然后进一步分解二个系数，精力输入系数和技术系数，进结构和真实系数。实验学习在2000经常的价格从1987～2005基于energy-input-output桌子被执行。结果证明在1987和2002之间，精力输入结构在精力紧张说明大多数衰落。然而，由产品的输入结构和最后的要求结构解释在2002和2005之间的精力紧张的增加。

简介：摘要： 随着技术的发展演进， 5G 技术已成为当前研究的热点 ; 现网 4G 改变生活，未来 5G 改变社会。 5G 技术的应用，给人们带来极大的便利和效率。我们可以预见到未来， 5G 将渗透到社会的各个领域，以用户为中心构建全方位的信息生态系统。 

简介：ThispaperdealswithH∞controlofa5th-ordermodelofsynchronousgenerators.First,byusingthemethodofexactlinearization,wetransformthe5th-ordermodelintoalinearone.Thenweassignthepoleofthelinearizedmodelintheopenlefthalfplane.Finally,weapplythedesignmethodoflinearH∞controltogetastatefeedbackcontroller.

简介：摘要： 5G通信技术将为人们的日常生活以及经济的发展起到巨大的促进作用，具有较大的市场应用前景，可以满足用户的使用需求，提高通信稳定性，为用户提供极致的通信体验。本文基于关于 5G传输同步技术的思考展开论述。

简介：1.IntroductionLetGbeafinitegroup.ForaCayleysubsetSofGnotcontainingtheidentityelement1,theCayley(di)graphX~Cay(G,S)ofGwithrespecttoSisdefinedasthedirectedgraphwithvertexsetV(X)=GandedgesetE(X)={(g,sg)IgEG,s6S}.IfS=S--’,thentheadjacencyrelationissymmet...

简介：Reliabilityallocationproblemiscommonlytreatedusingaclosed-formexpressionrelatingthecosttoreliability.Arecentapproachhasintroducedtheuseofdiscreteintegertechniqueforun-repairablesystems.Thisresearchaddressestheallocationproblemforrepairablesystems.ItpresentsanintegerformulationforfindingtheoptimumselectionofcomponentsbasedontheintegervaluesoftheirMeanTimetoFailure(MTTF)andMeanTimetoRepair(MTTR).Theobjectiveistominimizethetotalcostunderasystemreliabilityconstraint,inadditiontootherphysicalconstraints.Although,aclosed-formexpressionrelatingthecosttoreliabilitymaynotbealinear;however,inthisresearch,theobjectivefunctionwillalwaysbelinearregardlessoftheshapeoftheequivalentcontinuousclosed-formfunction.Anexampleissolvedusingtheproposedmethodandcomparedwiththesolutionofthecontinuousclosed-formversion.Theformulationforallpossiblesystemconfigurations,componentsandsubsystemsarealsoconsidered.

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简介：Wediscussasingle-periodinventorysystemwithageneralS-shapedutilityfunctionandexponentialdemand.Itisshownthatthereexistsastate-dependentorder-up-topolicytobeoptimal.Behaviorsofoptimalpolicyareillustratedbyanumericalexample.

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简介：Weinthispaperexaminewarrantystrategyinatwo-stagesupplychainconsistingofamanufacturerandtwocompetingretailers.Themanufacturerproducestwosubstituteproductsandmarketsthemthroughthetworetailerstoagroupofconsumers,respectively.Foreachtypeofproducts,themanufacturer’sbasewarrantyandaretailer’sextendedwarrantyarebundledwiththeproduct.Weusegametheoreticmodelstoexploretheinteractionsbetweenthetwotypesofwarrantiesandthecompetitionbetweentheretailers.Forthispurpose,twoscenariosareconsidered:noretailerandboththetworetailersprovidingtheextendedwarranties,respectively.Ineachscenario,themanufacturer’sbasewarrantiesareassumedtobeoffered.Ourresultsshowthatwhentheretailersoffertheirextendedwarranties,themanufacturerhasnoincentivetoofferthebasewarranties;otherwise,themanufacturerhastoprovidethebasewarranties.Thecompetitionbetweenretailersintermsoftheproductsubstitutabilityhasnoimpactonwarrantydecisions,butaffectsallplayers’profitsinthesupplychain.Themanufacturercanprovidealongerwarrantylengthandhighercustomerwelfaretoacustomerthantheretailersdo,ifitismoreefficientthantheretailersinwarrantycost-efficiency,andviceversa.

简介：Thispaperstudiestheoptimalconsumption-investmentstrategywithHeston’sstochasticvolatility(SV)modelunderhyperbolicabsoluteriskaversion(HARA)utilitycriterion.Thefinancialmarketiscomposedofarisk-lessassetandariskyasset,whosepriceprocessissupposedtobedrivenbyHeston’sSVmodel.TheriskypreferenceoftheindividualisassumedtosatisfyHARAutility,whichrecoverspowerutility,exponentialutilityandlogarithmutilityasspecialcases.HARAutilityisofgeneralframeworkintheutilitytheoryandisseldomstudiedintheexistingliteratures.Legendretransform-dualtechniquealongwithstochasticdynamicprogrammingprincipleispresentedtodealwithourproblemandtheclosed-formsolutiontotheoptimalconsumption-investmentstrategyissuccessfullyobtained.Finally,somespecialcasesarederivedindetail.