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简介：RecentlyalowcostcookingdevicefordevelopingandemergingcountrieswasdevelopedatKITincooperationwiththecompanyBoschundSiemensHausgerteGmbH.Afterconstructinganinnovativebasicdesignfurtherdevelopmentwasrequired.Numericalinvestigationswereconductedinordertoinvestigatetheflowinsidethecombustionchamberofthestoveundervariationofdifferentgeometricalparameters.Beyondtheperformanceimprovementafurtherreasonoftheinvestigationswastoratetheeffectsofmanufacturingtoleranceproblems.InthispaperthenumericalinvestigationofaplantoilstovebymeansofRANSsimulationwillbepresented.Inordertoreducethecomputationalcostsdifferentmodelreductionstepswerenecessary.Thesimulationresultsofthebasicconfigurationcompareverywellwithexperimentalmeasurementsandproblematicbehaviorsoftheactualstovedesigncouldbeexplainedbytheinvestigation.

简介：Thenon-edibleoilsarebelievedtobeoneofthemajorfeedstockfortheproductionofbiodieselinfuture.Inthepresentstudy,weinvestigatedtheproductionofJatrophaoilmethylesters(JOMEs)viaalkali-catalyzedtransesterificationroute.ThebiophysicalcharacteristicsofJatrophaoilwerefoundwithintheoptimalrangeinaccordancewithASTMstandardsasasubstitutedieselfuel.Thechemicalcompositionandproductionyieldofas-synthesizedbiodieselwereconfirmedbyvariousanalyticaltechniquessuchasFT-IR,1HNMR,13CNMRandgaschromatographycoupledwithmassspectrometry.Ahighpercentageconversion,～96.09%,offattyacidsintoesterswasachievedunderoptimizedtransesterificationconditionswith6:1oiltomethanolratioand0.9wt%NaOHfor50minat～60°C.Moreover,twelvefattyacidsmethylesters(FAME)werequantifiedintheGC/MSanalysisanditwasinterestingtonotethatthemassfragmentationpatternofsaturated,monounsaturatedanddiunsaturatedFAMEwascomparablewiththeliteraturereportedvalues.

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简介：95g/km是规范化为要放在2020的NEDC的公司2排放的允许的数量。另外，NEDC将被更严重的开车周期代替并且将全球被统一。对那些标准作出回应，汽车的工业正在研究每块可能的地。热管理被证明了在减少燃料消费有效。冷开始是overconsumption的一个初发的原因，作为最高的效率在它的最佳的温度的引擎。在冷开始，引擎油在它的最低温度并且这样是它的更高的粘性水平。高粘性油产生更多的磨擦，它是在引擎的最重要的热损失之一。在这份报纸，热油存储被学习。GT套房模型上的数字模拟被做。模型用热油的1公升的存储体积由一台4柱体turbocharged柴油机引擎组成。周围的温度变化象不同开车周期一样被考虑。而且，热策略(多功能油池)的不同配置被建议并且评估。润滑剂温度和粘性侧面为不同配置在文章以及燃料消费积蓄被介绍，驾驶周期和周围的温度。

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简介：FK01isanewstrainofoil-sunflowerwithcytoplasmicmalesterilelineHAasfemaleparentandcytoplasmicmalesterilerestorerline19540asmaleparent.19540isamutantirradiatedbycarbonionwhichseedoilcontentincreases.FK01joined2014Gansuprovinceregionaltestofoil-sunflowerandplantedinsixsites:Jingyuanagriculturaltechniquespreadingcenter,Minqinagriculturaltechniquespreadingcenter,Jingtaiagriculturaltechniquespreadingcenter,Jiuquanagriculturalsciencesresearchinstitute,Tianshuiagriculturalsciencesresearchinstitute,andHuanxianseedcontrolstation.

简介：Anewironfilmsystem,depositedonsiliconeoilsurfacesbyvapourphasedepositionmethod,hasbeenfabricatedanditsformationmechanismaswellasorderlystructureshasbeenstudied,Itisfoundthattheformationmechanismofthefilmsobeysatwo-stagegrowthmodel,whichissimilartothattotheothermetallicfilmsonliquidsubstrates,Largeandorderlystructuresareobservedinthecontinuousironfilms.Theexperimentsshowthattheorderlyspatialstructuresresultfromthelocalmaterialgatheringinthesenearlyfreesustainedfilms.

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简介：Thesteamreformingoffourbio-oilmodelcompounds(aceticacid,ethanol,acetoneandphenol)wasinvestigatedoverNi-basedcatalystssupportedonAl2O3modifiedbyMg,CeorCointhispaper.Theactivationprocesscanimprovethecatalyticactivitywiththechangeofhigh-valenceNi(Ni2O3,NiO)tolow-valenceNi(Ni,NiO).Amongthesecatalystsafteractivation,theCe-Ni/Cocatalystshowedthebestcatalyticactivityforthesteamreformingofallthefourmodelcompounds.Afterlong-termexperimentat700°CandtheS/Cratioof9,theCe-Ni/Cocatalyststillmaintainedexcellentstabilityforthesteamreformingofthesimulatedbio-oil(mixedbythefourcompoundswiththeequalmasses).WithCaOcalcinatedfromcalciumacetateasCO2sorbent,thecatalyticsteamreformingexperimentcombinedwithcontinuousinsituCO2adsorptionwasperformed.WiththecomparisonofthecasewithouttheaddingofCO2sorbent,thehydrogenconcentrationwasdramaticallyimprovedfrom74.8%to92.3%,withtheCO2concentrationobviouslydecreasedfrom19.90%to1.88%.

简介：Thestudyonthespecialphenomenon,occurrenceprocessandcontrolmechanismofgasoline-airmixturethermalignitioninundergroundoildepotsisofimportantacademicandappliedvalueforenrichingscientifictheoriesofexplosionsafety,developingprotectivetechnologyagainstfireanddecreasingthenumberoffireaccidents.Inthispaper,theresearchonthermalignitionprocessofgasoline-airmixtureinmodelundergroundoildepotstunnelhasbeencarriedoutbyusingexperimentandnumericalsimulationmethods.Thecalculationresulthasbeendemonstratedbytheexperimentdata.Thefivestagesofthermalignitioncourse,whichareslowoxidationstage,rapidoxidationstage,firestage,flameoutstageandquenchstage,havebeenfirstlydefinedandaccuratelydescried.Accordingtothemagnitudeorderofconcentration,thespecieshavebeendividedintosixcategories,whichlaythefoundationforexplosion-proofdesignbasedontheroleofdifferentspecies.Theinfluenceofspacescaleonthermalignitioninsmall-scalespacehasbeenfound,andthemechanismfornoteasytofireisthatthewallreflectioncausestherefluxoffluidsandchangesthedistributionofheatandmass,sothattheprogressofchemicalreactionsinthewholespacearealsochanged.Thenovelmathematicalmodelonthebasisofunificationchemicalkineticsandthermodynamicsestablishedinthispaperprovidessupplementarymeansfortheanalysisofprocessandmechanismofthermalignition.

简介：Fractionalpyrolysisandone-steppyrolysisofnaturalalgaeCyanobacteriafromTaihuLakewerecomparativelystudiedfrom200to500°C.One-steppyrolysisproducedbio-oilwithcomplexcompositionandlowhighheatingvalue(HHV30.9MJ/kg).FractionalpyrolysisseparatedthedegradationofdifferentcomponentsinCyanobacteriaandimprovedtheselectivitytoproductsinbio-oil.Thatis,acidsat200°C,amidesandacidsat300°C,phenolsandnitrilesat400°C,andphenolsat500°C,weregotasmainproducts,respectively.HZSM-5couldpromotethedehydration,crackingandaromatizationofpyrolyticintermediatesinfractionalpyrolysis.AtoptimalHZSM-5catalystdosageof1.0g,theselectivitytoproductsandthequalityofbio-oilwereimprovedobviously.Themainproductsinbio-oilchangedtonitriles(47.2%)at300°C,indoles(51.3%)andphenols(36.3%)at400°C.Theoxygencontentwasreducedto7.2wt%and9.4wt%,andtheHHVwasraisedto38.1and37.3MJ/kgat300and400°C,respectively.Fractionalcatalyticpyrolysiswasproposedtobeanefficientmethodnotonlytoprovideapotentialsolutionforalleviatingenvironmentalpressurefromwaterblooms,butalsotoimprovetheselectivitytoproductsandobtainhighqualitybio-oil.